Relaxometric investigations addressing the determination of intracellular water lifetime : a novel tumour biomarker of general applicability

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 (H2020 Health) research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 668119 (project ‘IDentIFY’). This article is based upon work from COST Action EURELAX, CA15209, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Evidence for the Role of Intracellular Water Lifetime as a Tumour Biomarker Obtained by In Vivo Field-Cycling Relaxometry

This project has received funding from the European UnionQs Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 668119 (project “IDentIFY”), and it was performed in the framework of the Consorzio CIRCMSB and of COST Action AC15209 (EURELAX)Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Intracellular Water Lifetime as a Tumor Biomarker to Monitor Doxorubicin Treatment via FFC-Relaxometry in a Breast Cancer Model

This study aims to explore whether the water exchange rate constants in tumor cells can act as a hallmark of pathology status and a reporter of therapeutic outcomes. It has been shown, using 4T1 cell cultures and murine allografts, that an early assessment of the therapeutic effect of doxorubicin can be detected through changes in the cellular water efflux rate constant k(io.) The latter has been estimated by analyzing the magnetization recovery curve in standard NMR T(1) measurements when there is a marked difference in the proton relaxation rate constants (R(1)) between the intra- and the extra-cellular compartments. In cellular studies, T(1) measurements were carried out on a relaxometer working at 0.5 T, and the required difference in R(1) between the two compartments was achieved via the addition of a paramagnetic agent into the extracellular compartment. For in-vivo experiments, the large difference in the R(1) values of the two-compartments was achieved when the T(1) measurements were carried out at low magnetic field strengths. This task was accomplished using a Fast Field Cycling (FFC) relaxometer that was properly modified to host a mouse in its probe head. The decrease in k(io) upon the administration of doxorubicin is the result of the decreased activity of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, as shown in an independent test on the cellular uptake of Rb ions. The results reported herein suggest that k(io) can be considered a non-invasive, early and predictive biomarker for the identification of responsive patients immediately from the first doxorubicin treatment

Bariatric Surgery Reduces Oxidative Stress by Blunting 24-h Acute Glucose Fluctuations in Type 2 Diabetic Obese Patients

OBJECTIVE - We evaluated the efficacy of malabsorptive bariatric surgery on daily blood glucose fluctuations and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic obese patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - The 48-h continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring was assessed in type 2 diabetic patients before and 1 month after biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) (n = 36), or after diet-induced equivalent weight loss (n = 20). The mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine) were evaluated during continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring. During a standardized meal, glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, glucagon, and insulin were measured. RESULTS - Fasting and postprandial glucose decreased equally in surgical and diet groups. A marked increase in GLP-1 occurred during the interprandial period in surgical patients toward the diet group (P < 0.01). Glucagon was more suppressed during the interprandial period in surgical patients compared with the diet group (P < 0.01). Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and nitrotyrosine levels decreased more after BPD than after diet (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS - Oxidative stress reduction after biliopancreatic diversion seems to be related to the regulation of glucose fluctuations resulting from intestinal bypass. © 2010 by the American Diabetes Association

In vivo assessment of tumour associated macrophages in murine melanoma obtained by low-field relaxometry in the presence of iron oxide particles

Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge Dr Dana Dawson, University of Aberdeen, UK, for the supply of ferumoxytol. This project has received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 668119 (project “IDentIFY”) and it was performed in the frame of the COST Action AC15209 (EURELAX). Maria Rosaria Ruggiero was supported by a “FIRC-AIRC fellowship for Italy”. The Italian Ministry for Education and Research (MIUR) is gratefully acknowledged for yearly FOE funding to the Euro-BioImaging Multi-Modal Molecular Imaging Italian Node (MMMI). Data availability All data analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information file). Other raw data required to reproduce these findings are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Removal of Koos IV acoustic neuroma and auditory brainstem implant in NF2 patient

The authors present the case of removal of a Koos grade IV right acoustic neuroma in a neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) patient, already operated on for left cerebellopontine angle meningioma at 7 years of age and a left acoustic neuroma at 16 years of age. A transpetrosal approach allowed cochlear sensor implantation to detect residual hearing. An enlarged retrosigmoid approach then allowed subtotal microsurgical removal of the lesion; consequently, the authors illustrate the technical nuances of an auditory brainstem implant (ABI). One month after surgery, the ABI was successfully switched on, giving back hearing perception to the patient. The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.7.FOCVID218

Targeting the Diuretic Hormone Receptor to Control the Cotton Leafworm,<i>Spodoptera littoralis</i>

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Role of transmembrane water exchange in glioma invasion/migration : in vivo preclinical study by relaxometry at very low magnetic field

Funding: This project received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 668119 (project IDentIFY). The Italian Ministry for Education and Research (MIUR) is gratefully acknowledged for yearly FOE funding to the EuroBioImaging Multi-Modal Molecular Imaging Italian Node (MMMI). Maria Rosaria Ruggiero was supported by an “FIRC-AIRC fellowship for Italy” and benefited from a COST Action grant (AC15209—EURELAX) to perform first IHC analysis at BrainTech Lab. Acknowledgments: The authors thank the zootechnicians of the Clinatec animal facility led by Diane Agay for their assistance in animal management, and Reda Manyani, a master student, for his contribution to confirm IHC data analysis, first performed by the author Hamza Ait Itto.Peer reviewedPublisher PD