СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЗРЕЛЫХ И НЕЗРЕЛЫХ ЗАРОДЫШЕЙ ЯРОВОЙ ТВЕРДОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В КУЛЬТУРЕ IN VITRO

Исследованы процессы индукции каллусогенеза различных генотипов яровой твердой пшеницы. Установлена генотипическая зависимость частоты морфогенеза. Показано, что эффективность процесса и тип каллуса обусловлены выбранным эксплантом. Установлено, что наибольшим морфогенетическим потенциалом обладают каллусы из незрелых зародышей. У морфогенетических линий, полученных из зрелых зародышей, процесс органогенеза не достигает организменного уровня, а заканчивается образованием корней (ризогенезом)

DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AS A TOOL OF SYSTEM CHANGES IN THE TEACHER’S PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

Purpose: Social and cultural prerequisites of Russia’s transition to an open information society have predetermined new requirements for graduates of modern educational organizations, ready for communicative activities in a digital educational environment. Informatization of education is characterized by increasing virtualization of the educational process and, as a consequence, the predominance of fragmented thinking, and increase in the gap between traditional and innovative educational technologies. Methodology: The basis of the digital educational environment in the context of the use of knowledge management technologies can be specialized knowledge management systems that combine knowledge of related scientific disciplines, which should provide integration, accumulation, and support, as well as the organization of access to knowledge of the educational environment. A distinctive feature of the development of mankind at the present stage is the transition to information society in which information and information processes are becoming one of the most important components of human life and society. Result: The development of the global process of informatization of society leads to the formation of not only the new information environment for people but also new, information way of their life and professional activities. Many researchers as the most acute problem of modern education called the mismatch of software, including for educational purposes, to high technical characteristics of computers, resulting in extremely low efficiency of computer use in training. Critically assessing the effectiveness of the existing software of the educational process and the ways of its development, we see the prospects for a radical change in the situation in the orientation to the use of knowledge management technologies that use software products that can be changed, adapting to the needs of the user and, in particular, to the didactic tasks of training. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Digital Educational Environment as a Tool of System Changes in the Teacher’s Professional Activity is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Age changes of blood microcirculation in students and sportsmen under the influence of physical training

Age specifi c features of blood microcircula詛 on reac誛 vity in students and athletes (freestyle wrestling at the level of candidates for a master of sports) are studied for 18 to 21 years under the infl uence of a dosed physical training. Signifi cant diff erences in the values of the most parameters characterizing the microcircula萋 on of blood at rest were observed between the 4 age groups under examina裻 on, both in students and athletes with diff erent levels of the microcircula萋 on index, and it was shown that the contribu詻 on of ac詻 ve modula脫 ons of the blood fl ow to the forma裻 on of its profi le is more important. Regular exercise changes the age dependence of the level of muscle 詻 ssue perfusion, as well as the amplitude of blood fl ow fl uctua詻 ons in 裻 ssues. Essen裻 al diff erences in the eff ect of physical training on the eff ec譋 veness of microcircula譋 on in stu- dents and athletes have been established, depending on the value of the microcircula誛 on index. The results indicate the need to take into account the hierarchy of regulatory mechanisms in the selec荫 on of the intensity of physical training, as well as the possibility of a targeted eff ect on respiratory-pulse modula講 on in the microvasculature and, consequently, on their ra譛 o, by means of dosed physical training

The Structural and functional relationship between changes in blood microcirculation and the ultrastructure of capillaries in muscles in response to physical training

В статье рассмотрен вопрос структурно-функциональной взаимосвязи между изменениями микроциркуляции крови и ультраструктурой капилляров в мышцах в ответ на физическую тренировку

Structural/Functional Modifications in the Mitochondria of Brainstem Cells in Rat Offspring Subjected to Prenatal Hypoxia

We examined changes in the morphofunctional state of the mitochondria (MCh) and immunohistochemical peculiarities of brainstem neurons in rat offspring exposed to experimental prenatal (intrauterine) hypoxia of different severity, moderate and strong. This was provided by exposure of pregnant females to O2/N2 respiratory mixtures containing 12 and 7% O2, respectively. Experimental groups included 20 one-month-old rats (offspring of 9 females, control and subjected to hypoxia). We estimated the ultrastructural characteristics of the MCh and also expression of the CD95 APO-1/Fas and Bcl-2 genes modulating the intensity of apoptosis and mitoptosis in these cells. Severe intrauterine hypoxia resulted in the development of structural distress in the MCh of brainstem cells; all stages of MCh degradation, from swelling to complete dissipation, were observed. Juvenile forms of these organelles were absent. Mosaic-like destruction of myelin with manifestations of edema was observed. After the moderate prenatal hypoxia, about half of the changes in the MCh ultrastructure could be qualified as directed toward an increase in the compensatory capabilities of the MCh apparatus. In rats after moderate hypoxic influence, levels of expression of the CD95 APO-1/Fas and Bcl-2 genes were indicative of a greater readiness of the neurons to apoptosis and decrease in the probability to inhibition of the respective MCh pathway in brainstem neurocites. At the same time, the MCh and neurocites of animals subjected to severe intrauterine hypoxia demonstrated decreased trends toward mitoptosis and apoptosis, respectively. The obtained results characterizing the effects of intrauterine hypoxia of different levels on the formation of structural/functional changes in the MCh of brainstem cells can be taken into account in the process of development of novel approaches to the treatment of MCh diseases

Search for sterile neutrinos at the DANSS experiment

DANSS is a highly segmented 1~m${}^3$ plastic scintillator detector. Its 2500 one meter long scintillator strips have a Gd-loaded reflective cover. The DANSS detector is placed under an industrial 3.1~$\mathrm{GW_{th}}$ reactor of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant 350~km NW from Moscow. The distance to the core is varied on-line from 10.7~m to 12.7~m. The reactor building provides about 50~m water-equivalent shielding against the cosmic background. DANSS detects almost 5000 $\widetilde\nu_e$ per day at the closest position with the cosmic background less than 3$\%$. The inverse beta decay process is used to detect $\widetilde\nu_e$. Sterile neutrinos are searched for assuming the $4\nu$ model (3 active and 1 sterile $\nu$). The exclusion area in the $\Delta m_{14}^2,\sin^22\theta_{14}$ plane is obtained using a ratio of positron energy spectra collected at different distances. Therefore results do not depend on the shape and normalization of the reactor $\widetilde\nu_e$ spectrum, as well as on the detector efficiency. Results are based on 966 thousand antineutrino events collected at 3 distances from the reactor core. The excluded area covers a wide range of the sterile neutrino parameters up to $\sin^22\theta_{14}<0.01$ in the most sensitive region.Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures, version accepted for publicatio

Суперечності розвитку громадянського суспільства в Україні та засоби їхнього подолання

Барков В. Ю. Суперечності розвитку громадянського суспільства в Україні та засоби їхнього подолання / В. Ю. Барков, Т. В. Розова // Актуальні проблеми держави і права : зб. наук. пр. / редкол.: С. В. Ківалов (голов. ред.), Ю. М. Оборотов (заст. голов. ред.), Л. Р. Біла (відп. секр.) [та ін.] ; ОНЮА. – Одеса : Юрид. л-ра, 2005. – Вип. 25. – С. 14-20

Университет Гумбольдта в контексте современных научных и образовательных коммуникаций

The article analyzes problems of the classical Humboldt University in a context of modern scientific and educational technologies; emphasizes the University significance for the whole international system of university education. Among the multitude tasks historically solved by the university, the authors pay special attention to problems of the classical disciplinarity of university education, and the personal and state identity formation. At the same time, disciplinary issues are analyzed in their classical and nonclassical forms. In particular, the new disciplinarity features are considered. Likewise, identity problems are explored in different contexts as well. Various forms of presenting these problems are revealed, including reconstructing ways of identity formation, which contains contexts of self-education, general contexts of culture, urban identity formation. The article highlights the role of narrative and narrative identity in forming personal and cultural identity, and transmitting socio-cultural meanings and values. It reveals the changeable temporal nature of identity. It is shown that language is associated with structuring a person»s narrative identity. Following J. Lyotard, the authors show that narrative knowledge is built within its language game frameworks; demonstrate the role of alienation and cognitive appropriation in the narrative creation processes. The paper consistently suggests that modern conceptual apparatus of identity and disciplinarity problems can be applied to analyze relevant issues both in modern conditions, and in the history of education and culture. Moreover, this method of analysis leads, in turn, to enrichment of the used conceptual apparatus itself. The research methodology is based on such concepts as methodology of text expert analysis, text informal analytics, discourse analysis, conceptual analysis.В статье проблемы классического университета Гумбольдта анализируются в контексте современных научных и образовательных технологий, подчеркивается значение данного университета для всей международной системы университетского образования. Среди множества задач и проблем, которые исторически решал этот университет, в статье особое внимание уделяется проблемам классической дисциплинарности университетского образования и проблемам формирования личностной и государственной идентичности. В то же время вопросы дисциплинарности анализируются в их классической и неклассической формах. В частности, рассматриваются особенности новой дисциплинарности. Точно так же в различных контекстах исследуются и проблемы идентичности. Раскрываются разные формы представления данных проблем, в том числе реконструируются некоторые способы формирования идентичности, включая контексты самообразования, общие контексты культуры, контексты формирования городской идентичности. В статье выделяется роль нарратива и нарративной идентичности в процессах формирования личностной и культурной идентичности и передачи социально-культурных смыслов и ценностей. Раскрывается изменчивый, темпоральный характер идентичности. Показывается, что язык связан со структурированием нарративной идентичности человека. Показывается, вслед за Ж. Лиотаром, что нарративное знание выстраивается в рамках своей языковой игры. Подчеркивается роль отчуждения и когнитивного присвоения в процессах создания нарратива. В статье последовательно проводится мысль о том, что современный развитый концептуальный аппарат проблем идентичности и дисциплинарности может быть применен для анализа соответствующих вопросов не только в современных условиях, но и в истории образования и культуры. Более того, такой способ анализа приводит, в свою очередь, к обогащению самого используемого концептуального аппарата. Методология исследования опирается на такие методологические концепции, как методология экспертного анализа текста (МЭАТ), неформальная аналитика текста (НАТ), дискурс-анализ, концептуальный анализ