Improving Classification Accuracy Using Clustering Technique

Product classification is the key issue in e-commerce domains. Many products are released to the market rapidly and to select the correct category in taxonomy for each product has become a challenging task. The application of classification model is useful to precisely classify the products. The study proposed a method to apply clustering prior to classification. This study has used a large-scale real-world data set to identify the efficiency of clustering technique to improve the classification model. The conventional text classification procedures are used in the study such as preprocessing, feature extraction and feature selection before applying the clustering technique. Results show that clustering technique improves the accuracy of the classification model. The best classification model for all three approaches which are classification model only, classification with hierarchical clustering and classification with K-means clustering is K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) model. Even though the accuracy of the KNN models are the same across different approaches but the KNN model with K-means clustering had the shortest time of execution. Hence, applying K-means clustering prior to KNN model helps in reducing the computation time

Predictor of academic performance: personality traits and catechol-O-methyltransferase polymorphisms

Personality traits and genetics are important factors in determining academic performance. Although there have been studies on the association between genetics and academic performance, there is limited data on the effect of personality traits and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) rs4680 polymorphism on academic performance, particularly among university students in Malaysia. The objective of this study was to correlate the relationship between personality traits, COMT rs4680 polymorphism, and academic performance among health sciences undergraduate students at a Malaysian university. The research design was a correlational study where 221 students were recruited based on the convenient sampling approach. The demographic and international personality item pool (IPIP) questionnaires were administered online, whereas the COMT rs4680 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was determined using a tetra-primer allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). From the IPIP results, the conscientiousness trait was positively and significantly correlated with academic performance (r=0.141, p=0.036). Participants with homozygous Met/Met allele of the COMT rs4680 polymorphism tended to perform better in academics (p=0.009) as compared to participants with homozygous Val/Val and heterozygous Val/Met alleles. As a conclusion, students with a higher conscientiousness score and carriers of the homozygous Met/Met allele of COMT rs4680 showed better academic performance

Signatory metabolomics biomarkers of stress, anxiety, and depression: a proof of concept for precision health among university students: A cross-sectional study

Purpose The highly competitive nature of tertiary education and the pressure to perform academically have increased psychological morbidity like emotional distress. Untargeted metabolomics was used to analyze serum samples of university students for biomarkers and perturbated metabolism due to stress, anxiety, and depression (SAD). Methods Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) was used to assess the severity of SAD in university students. The metabolite fingerprint of each subject was obtained using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight (LC/MS QTOF). The signature metabolites for each trait were determined by projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) with variable importance for the projection (VIP) score > 1.0 (P<0.05) and subjected to analysis using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Potential biomarkers with an area under the curve (AUC) value exceeding 0.65 were identified. Results Various groups of glycerophospholipids were upregulated in the studied traits. On the other hand, metabolites such as glycocholic acid was upregulated in depression, while hypoxanthine was upregulated in anxiety, and PE-Cer(d14:1(4E)/22:1(13Z)) was upregulated in stress. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the relationship of the differentially expressed metabolites in university students of different categories of SAD using the DASS-21 screening tool in Malaysia as we move forward with precision health

Spiritual education development model

Developing and producing a holistic individual has been a major concern to Malaysian education system. Therefore, Malaysia education system was formed based on its mission to produce a balance and a holistic individual from physical, emotion, spiritual and intellectual potential based on a firm belief in and devotion to God. However, there was a gap between the current practice in education and the Malaysia’s education philosophy especially in the spiritual development domain. Meanwhile, self development from spiritual potential is the basic needs of every human being because it motivates good human behaviour and how they respond to the environment. Since, man is a combination of the soul and the body, man also carries dual tendencies which are tendencies to become good (motivate by the rational soul) and bad (motivate by the animal soul). Therefore, spiritual development process is about a continuous exercise of sub-ordination the animal soul to enslave itself in submission to the power of the rational soul. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the philosophy behind self-development from spiritual domain and develop the conceptual model for spiritual development process

Generation of an Interval Metric Scale to Measure Attitude

This article discusses issues of scales in measuring attitude, demonstrates how a metric scale can be generated based on three main features, and presents results from a repeated measurement survey to verify the generated scale. The design of the generated metric scale is introduced and named Ruler and Option (RO). The population for repeated measurement survey was 1,870 bachelor students from a public university. Two sets of questionnaire (identical items), one with 7-point Likert scale and another with RO scale, were distributed to a sample of 595 bachelor students chosen using stratified random sampling method. Data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 20 and structural equation modeling using AMOS version 21. Results showed that data from RO scale performed better than data from 7-point Likert scale in terms of number of items per construct, factor loadings, squared multiple correlations, higher ratio of degrees of freedom to number of parameters, and higher reliability coefficients. In terms of validity coefficients, measurement models from both data sets attained almost the same level of discriminant and construct validity. Further studies are recommended to elicit the strength and weakness of RO scale to identify the situations where it is most suitable

TASKFORCE FRAMEWORK IN VALIDATING AUTHENTICITY OF UNIVERSITY INFORMATION OVER THE WIKIPEDIA

Wikipedia is considered a globally primary resource for public review. As it is the largest, free, and most popular general reference work on the World Wide Web, it is easy for web crawlers to do their search indexes and improve the visibility of the page in the digital world. To sustain its top ranking in organic search and display of any search engines, Wikipedia attracts many links and contains a large amount of content on a broad set of topics. Document about Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) started in Wikipedia since 2004, and it has been consistently evolving since then. UiTM has many branch campuses throughout the nation. It is Malaysia's largest institution of higher learning in terms of size and population, with the anchor campus in Shah Alam and one in each state. Whilst the main university is visible digitally, the branch campuses are almost invisible digitally. These may lead to inauthentic content and dispute of affiliation among the UiTM branches. This paper discusses the approach taken to overcome the problem of the authenticity of facts about UiTM. Content analysis is deployed throughout all related campus pages found on Wikipedia. A table ofguideline was developed to form an authenticity checklist

Objective Measurement of Effective Message through Photograph among the Public

'Photograph' is to an extent very close with visual representation, which consists as a part of an act of seeing which establishes places and subject matters in the surrounding world. These would in part, described in words and explained such paradigm. However, it's still yet lacking in the content of the emotional experience as a total. Such form of images plays as an important role, yet lacking realization, as it is also a part of a design committee in society. The act of seeing which establishes our place in the surrounding world, we can describe the world using words, but words can never describe the emotional experience in total. What does visual really mean? How is visual measured? As an observer, how can we define whether the message and the meaning of a particular visual is delivered and understood along with the information it carries? Those three questions play important roles especially with the rapid growth of technology, which contributes to the development of human knowledge especially in the art industries. This paper explores the problems in understanding of photography imageries and their impact to the society

Systematic pharmacogenomics analysis of a Malay whole genome: proof of concept for personalized medicine.

BACKGROUND: With a higher throughput and lower cost in sequencing, second generation sequencing technology has immense potential for translation into clinical practice and in the realization of pharmacogenomics based patient care. The systematic analysis of whole genome sequences to assess patient to patient variability in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics responses towards drugs would be the next step in future medicine in line with the vision of personalizing medicine. METHODS: Genomic DNA obtained from a 55 years old, self-declared healthy, anonymous male of Malay descent was sequenced. The subject's mother died of lung cancer and the father had a history of schizophrenia and deceased at the age of 65 years old. A systematic, intuitive computational workflow/pipeline integrating custom algorithm in tandem with large datasets of variant annotations and gene functions for genetic variations with pharmacogenomics impact was developed. A comprehensive pathway map of drug transport, metabolism and action was used as a template to map non-synonymous variations with potential functional consequences. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Over 3 million known variations and 100,898 novel variations in the Malay genome were identified. Further in-depth pharmacogenetics analysis revealed a total of 607 unique variants in 563 proteins, with the eventual identification of 4 drug transport genes, 2 drug metabolizing enzyme genes and 33 target genes harboring deleterious SNVs involved in pharmacological pathways, which could have a potential role in clinical settings. CONCLUSIONS: The current study successfully unravels the potential of personal genome sequencing in understanding the functionally relevant variations with potential influence on drug transport, metabolism and differential therapeutic outcomes. These will be essential for realizing personalized medicine through the use of comprehensive computational pipeline for systematic data mining and analysis

Summary of the analysis workflow for the Malaysian genome.

<p>Summary of the analysis workflow for the Malaysian genome.</p