A New Dynamic Mechanism of Topological Charge Creation in a Commensurate One-Dimensional Charge Density Wave Near the Contact with a Normal Metal

The dynamics of conversion of conduction electrons into topological solitons of a charge density wave (CDW) commensurability in an external electric field is investigated. A novel mechanism of initiation of a nonlinear CDW current in the vicinity of the interface between a CDW and a normal metal is revealed and explained. The nonlinear current is produced by the conduction solitons created by the moving profile of the order parameter, formed during the conversion of electrons into collective phase excitations of a CDW. The field dependence of the current is of threshold nature and has no analogs in the bulk mechanisms of CDW nonlinearity

Combined effect of Zeeman splitting and spin-orbit interaction on the Josephson current in a S-2DEG-S structure

We analyze new spin effects in current-carrying state of superconductor-2D electron gas-superconductor (S-2DEG-S) device with spin-polarized nuclei in 2DEG region. The hyperfine interaction of 2D electrons with nuclear spins, described by the effective magnetic field B, produces Zeeman splitting of Andreev levels without orbital effects, that leads to the interference pattern of supercurrent oscillations over B. The spin-orbit effects in 2DEG cause strongly anisotropic dependence of the Josephson current on the direction of B, which may be used as a probe for the spin-orbit interaction intensity. Under certain conditions, the system reveals the properties of pi-junction.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Is the magnetic field necessary for the Aharonov-Bohm effect in mesoscopics?

A new class of topological mesoscopic phenomena in absence of external magnetic field (meso-nucleo-spinics)is predicted, which is based on combined action of the nonequilibrium nuclear spin population and charge carriers spin-orbit interaction . As an example, we show that Aharonov-Bohm like oscillations of the persistent current in GaAs/AlGaAs based mesoscopic rings may exist, in the absence of the external magnetic field, provided that a topologically nontrivial strongly nonequilibrium nuclear spin population is created. This phenomenon is due to the breaking, via the spin-orbit coupling, of the clock wise - anti clock wise symmetry of the charge carriers momentum, which results in the oscillatory in time persistent current.Comment: 14 pages, Late

Electron transport through a mesoscopic metal-CDW-metal junction

In this work we study the transport properties of a finite Peierls-Fr\"ohlich dielectric with a charge density wave of the commensurate type. We show that at low temperatures this problem can be mapped onto a problem of fractional charge transport through a finite-length correlated dielectric, recently studied by Ponomarenko and Nagaosa [Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 81}, 2304 (1998)]. The temperature dependence of conductance of the charge density wave junction is presented for a wide range of temperatures.Comment: Latex, Revtex 3.0, 7 pages, 2 EPS figures (uses epfs

Persistent currents, flux quantization, and magnetomotive forces in normal metals and superconductors (Review Article)

The notion of persistent current comes back to orbital currents in normal metals, semiconductors and even insulators displaying diamagnetic behavior in weak magnetic fields, but came to focus at the discovery of current persistence and magnetic flux quantization at large fields in atomically big but macroscopically small (mesoscopic) objects. The phenomenon bears much similarity with supercurrents in superconductive metals. We will review progress in developing of our understanding of the physical and technological aspects of this phenomenon. The exact solution for currents, magnetic moments and magnetomotive forces (torques) in crossed magnetic fields are presented. Time-dependent phenomena in crossed magnetic and electric fields, and in possibility of spontaneous persistent currents and of work extraction from static and dynamic quantum states are discussed

Quasi–one-dimensional charge density wave in electromagnetic field arbitrary oriented to conducting chains: Generalized Fröhlich relations

We derive equations for the collective CDW-current transverse conducting chains in a quasi–one-dimensional CDW conductor. Generalized Fröhlich relations between the transverse currents and phase gradients are due to the polarization corrections to the 1+1 chiral anomaly Lagrangian. The CDW Hall constant RCDW is calculated, $R_{\rm CDW}\sim T^2_{\rm C}/I_{\rm CDW}$, where TC is the critical temperature of the Peierls transition, and ICDW is the nonlinear CDW current in the direction parallel to the conducting chains

Hyperfine-driven persistent currents in mesoscopic rings based on a 2D electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit interaction

We present a detailed theory of induced persistent current (PC) produced by hyperfine interaction in mesoscopic rings based on a 2 D electron (hole) gas in the absence of external magnetic field. PC emerges due to combined action of the hyperfine interaction of charge carriers with polarized nuclei, spin-orbit interaction and Berry phase