LEGAL MEANS OF ENSURING PUBLIC SAFETY AS A BASIS FOR THE PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY

Objective: The article investigates the key areas to improve the effectiveness of legal means for human rights protection in the conditions of spreading ideology that promotes the development of extremist and terrorist activities. Methods: Close attention is paid to the scale of spreading extremism and terrorism ideology at transnational, interstate and national levels. Results: The focus of activity in terrorist organizations is emphasized on destruction or disruption of transport infrastructure, life support facilities, intimidation of population and committing acts of nuclear terrorism. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop a legal policy that promotes the implementation of measures to protect human rights, regardless to the nature of the political and legal system in the state. The universality of measures for the protection of human rights implies their viability in various socially interactive legal systems. The necessity to develop new approaches to justify the formation of ideology of terrorism and extremism is determined. Attention is paid to the necessity to improve legal grounds for understanding terrorism and extremism

PUBLIC SAFETY AND THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ITS PROVISION FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN SOCIETY

Objective: The purpose of the article is aimed at solving the modern problem associated with the legal provision of measures implemented in order to guarantee public safety on the territory of states and individual regions. The importance of solving this problem is predetermined by the search for the most optimal legal means in the field of protecting the life and health of the local population, including the legal rights of the indigenous peoples living in small numbers, natural resources, ensuring legal use of natural resources, environmental safety and etc. Methodology: The methodology of the research is based on a set of general scientific, private and special methods of scientific knowledge that allow the system to structure, subject to formal and legal means, a mechanism for conduct a comparative legal analysis, identifying general and specific trends in ensuring public security. Results: As a result of the study, it was concluded that one of the problems of ensuring public security is minimization and neutralization of these threats should contribute to the implementation in the norms and institutions of international law, aimed at increasing the level of anti-terrorist protection of places where people stay, life support facilities, transport infrastructure, organizations of fuel and energy, chemical, nuclear weapons, nuclear power and industry, defense and industry complexes of the country. Conclusion: Conclusions are made that constantly changing challenges and threats to public safety predetermine the expediency of updating the normative-legal framework, in particular the adoption of criminal law measures to counteract crime in the area under study. The practice-oriented measures proposed in the article are of importance, including conceptual directions for the implementation of solutions for the prevention, suppression and counteraction of crime that encroaches on the interests of public safety.

INFORMATION SPACE AND SOCIETY: EXPLORING NEGATIVE TRENDS, IDEOLOGICAL INFLUENCE, AND STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Objective: The study aimed to identify ways to establish a secure environment that fosters the circulation of reliable information. This objective was pursued through enhancing the protection of the existing information infrastructure and ensuring its sustainable functioning, while also taking into account the impact of information confrontation on the escalation of interstate and intrastate conflicts. Methods: The study employs a comprehensive analysis of societal trends to understand the negative effects of information space on the development of destabilizing ideologies. By utilizing general scientific methods, including philosophical approaches and logical reasoning, the study aims to examine the problems of modern informatization in society and the activities of states and society in achieving sustainable development. Results: The study highlights the influence of information space on establishing conditions for public safety, personal security, and the security of critical sectors such as fuel and energy. It identifies the challenges involved in creating a secure information space and presents a viewpoint on the necessity of developing a unified information space that facilitates both educational and supervisory functions. Conclusion: The study's final conclusions emphasize the importance of mass information sources in providing quality information to individuals in social interactions. These sources play a crucial role in promoting socially beneficial behavior and establishing criteria for progressive development in societies and states. It also stresses the importance of increasing protection against potential threats that can harm individuals' lives, health, property, and personal data, as well as the social and psychological rehabilitation of those affected by modern threats

The Main Directions of Integration of States' Activities to Ensure Economic Security

Methodological and legislative issues of ensuring economic security are investigated within the framework of the article. The novelty of the research topic is about the statement of the problem determined by the negative consequences of globalization of international relations, which led to an increase in the rates of transnational crime and has become a threat to international security. The purpose of the study is to find out areas for optimizing international cooperation on counteraction to economic crimes, taking into account the specifics of the current stage of socio-economic integration. The research tasks included disclosure of the legal nature of corruption as a basic component of the shadow economy, essential properties and signs of corruption as a negative social phenomenon, determining the quality of implementation of international standards within the framework of legislation of national legal systems and establishing priority areas for cooperation between states to ensure economic security. The methodology of the research is based on a set of general scientific, private, and special methods of scientific knowledge that allow the system to structure, subject to formal and legal means, a mechanism for counteracting economic crimes and conduct a comparative legal analysis, identifying general and specific trends in ensuring economic security in various legal systems. As a result of the study, it was concluded that one of the problems of ensuring economic security at the international level is the absence in the international acts of a unified approach to the concept of corruption, which naturally caused in the foreign legislation legal pluralism in regulating the grounds for bringing to legal, including criminal liability. The problems of the definitive correlation of corruption inspire inadequate coherence of measures to counter international corruption in terms of identifying, disclosing, prophylactic and preventing corruption. The effectiveness of international legal cooperation presupposes the unification of approaches to the qualification of criminally punishable offenses of corruption orientation, proceeding from corrupt schemes of state, ecological, economic crime associated with illegal transfer of funds within the shadow turnover and legalization of incomes

Humanism in the punishment of Russian criminal law

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of development and improvement of humanism in Russian criminal law. The principle of humanism is analyzed as a complex-systemic legal phenomenon with its own content and logic of development. Since punishment is a social phenomenon and functions in various areas of state and public life, its development is due to the implementation of a humanistic approach in law. The article examines the significance of humanism in criminal punishment and its historical nature; the essence of criminal punishment is defined in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation as a list of types of punishments that are directly represented as a system and are applied to the guilty in the form of a measure of punishment, but humanism systematically limits the boundaries of criminal repression. Based on this analysis, the author makes judgments that at present humanism in the punishment of Russian law should be considered as a prerequisite for the formalization of punishment and other measures of a criminal law nature as independent and equal institutions of Russian criminal law. The consolidation of the constitutional prohibition on cruel or degrading punishment (part 2 of article 21 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation) necessitates a conceptual definition of these terms in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation