Vandetanib alters the tumoricidal capacity of human breast cancer stem cells via inhibiting vasculogenic capacity

Introduction:The inhibition of vascularization into tumor stroma as well as dynamic cell growth is the center of attention. Here, we aimed to examine the role of vandetanib on angiogenesis capacity of breast cancer stem cell (CSCs). Methods: MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to different doses of vandetanib and survival rate was monitored. Stimulatory effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were evaluated in vandetanib-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. In vitro tubulogenesis capacity was studied on the Matrigel surface. The synergistic effects of vandetanib on cell survival were also assessed after PI3K and/or Wnt3a inhibition. Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), -9, Wnt3a, and p-Akt/Akt ratio were measured using western blotting. Results:Vandetanib reduced survival rate in a dose-dependent manner (P&lt;0.05). Proliferative effects associated with VEGF, FGF, and EGF were blunted in these cells pre-exposed to vandetanib (P&lt;0.05). The microcirculation pattern’s triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) was suppressed by 1, 5 µM of vandetanib (P&lt;0.05). Hence 1, 5 µM of vandetanib potentially decreased the population of CD24– cells. 1 and 5 µM of vandetanib inhibited cell proliferation by blocking PI3K and Wnt3a pathways and decreased the p-Akt/Akt ratio, Wnta3 protein levels (P&lt;0.05). 1 and 5 µM vandetanib combined with PI3K inhibitor diminished metastatic markers including, MMP-2, and MMP-9. The concurrent treatment (PI3K, inhibitor+ 1, 5 µM vandetanib) also considerably reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers such as VE-cadherin (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Vandetanib suppressed vasculogenic mimicry (VM) networking through blunting stemness properties, coincided with suppression of VE-cadherin in CSCs(Figure Presented).</p

Omentin-1, visfatin and adiponectin levels in relation to bone mineral density in Iranian postmenopausal women

The bone and fat interface is implicated in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The association between circulating omentin-1 levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women has never been assessed. A total of 382 healthy postmenopausal women were randomly selected. Omentin-1, visfatin, adiponectin, the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, degradation products of C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, and osteocalcin were measured by highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. BMD was determined for the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and the proximal femur using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In multivariable-adjusted linear regression, serum omentin-1 levels were inversely correlated with BMD at the lumbar spine (β=-0.11, p=0.020). In multiple regression analyses, serum visfatin and adiponectin levels were not significantly correlated with BMD at different skeletal sites after controlling for age, body mass index, and bone-related markers. However, the highest quartile of adiponectin compared to the lowest quartile, after adjusting for potential confounders, revealed an inverse association with BMD in the lumbar spine (β=-0.19, p=0.010). In conclusion, circulating omentin-1 levels had an inverse correlation with BMD at the lumbar spine in Iranian postmenopausal women. To further understand the role of omentin-1 in bone and mineral metabolism, large-scale longitudinal studies focusing on BMD and osteoporotic fractures are warranted. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Reduced serum osteocalcin concentrations are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome components in postmenopausal women: the crosstalk between bone and energy metabolism

Although it has been shown that osteocalcin functions as a hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism and fat mass, no population-based study to date has addressed serum osteocalcin levels in relation to energy metabolism concurrent with bone metabolism in postmenopausal women. In a population-based study, cardiovascular risk factors, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-jB ligand, osteocalcin, CrossLaps, alkaline phosphatase, and bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (L2–L4) and the proximal femur were measured in 382 Iranian postmenopausal women. In multiple logistic regression analysis, lower osteocalcin and CrossLaps levels were associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) of having type 2 diabetes mellitus when adjustments were made for age, hs-CRP, cardiovascular risk factors, BMD, and markers of bone metabolism [OR 5.17, CI (2.66–10.04), p\0.0001 and OR 2.51, CI (1.37–4.61), p = 0.003, respectively]. However, lower alkaline phosphatase levels were associated with a lower OR of having type 2 diabetes mellitus [OR 0.28, CI (0.15–0.52), p\0.0001] in regression analysis. No significant difference was found between serum osteocalcin levels of those with and without metabolic syndrome. Among the metabolic syndrome components, low osteocalcin levels had significant associations with elevated blood glucose [OR 1.89, CI (1.16–3.07), p = 0.010] and elevated waist circumference [OR 2.53, CI (1.13–5.67), p = 0.024] in multivariate analyses. In conclusion, serum osteocalcin was independently associated with glucose intolerance and abdominal obesity as the components of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women. Since CrossLaps and alkaline phosphatase levels were independently associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the unique contribution of osteocalcin in glucose metabolism could not be concluded

Omentin-1, visfatin and adiponectin levels in relation to bone mineral density in Iranian postmenopausal women

The bone and fat interface is implicated in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The association between circulating omentin-1 levels and bonemineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women has never been assessed. A total of 382 healthy postmenopausal womenwere randomly selected. Omentin-1, visfatin, adiponectin, the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, degradation products of C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, and osteocalcin were measured by highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. BMDwas determined for the lumbar spine (L2–L4) and the proximal femur using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In multivariable-adjusted linear regression, serum omentin-1 levels were inversely correlated with BMD at the lumbar spine (β=−0.11, p=0.020). In multiple regression analyses, serum visfatin and adiponectin levels were not significantly correlated with BMD at different skeletal sites after controlling for age, body mass index, and bone-related markers. However, the highest quartile of adiponectin compared to the lowest quartile, after adjusting for potential confounders, revealed an inverse association with BMD in the lumbar spine (β=−0.19, p=0.010). In conclusion, circulating omentin-1 levels had an inverse correlation with BMD at the lumbar spine in Iranian postmenopausal women. To further understand the role of omentin-1 in bone and mineral metabolism, large-scale longitudinal studies focusing on BMD and osteoporotic fractures are warrante

Status of antioxidant and homocysteine-lowering vitamins related to cardiovascular diseases in hemodialysis patients

Background and aim: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality in hemodialysis patients. Oxidative stress and hyperhomocysteinemia may contribute to an increased risk of CVD. Therefore, we assessed the status of antioxidant and homocysteine-lowering vitamins related to cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients at Vasei hospital in Sabzevar. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 75 hemodialysis patients by using census method at Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar (Iran) in 2014. After measuring height and body weight, food intake was assessed by a 24- hour dietary recall questionnaire for at least two days (a non-dialysis and dialysis day), and food frequency was recorded with Nutritionist IV software. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, using descriptive statistical tests, one sample t-test and independent samples t-test and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: This study was carried out on 75 patients. Mean age and BMI of patients were 49.95±17.22 years and 20.04±3.38 kg/m2 , respectively. Intake of all vitamins with the exception of vitamin B12 in hemodialysis patients studied, were less than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the survey, consumption of antioxidants and B-vitamins related to cardiovascular disease was less than RDA in hemodialysis patients

The effect of oral interactive feedback on the accuracy and complexity of EFL learners’ writing performance: Uptake and retention

The role of teacher-student interaction and collaboration in solving linguistic problems has recently been in the center of SLA research. Accordingly, this study investigated the effect of Oral Interactive Feedback (OIF) on the accuracy and complexity of Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ writing. After ensuring the homogeneity using Preliminary English Test (PET), the researchers randomly assigned 50 sophomores into OIF group and Explicit Feedback (EF) group, with 25 students in each of them. The participants in the OIF group received oral interactive feedback, including elicitation and metalinguistic clues, on their written errors, while those in the EF group received oral explicit correction on their written errors. Data collection was based on immediate revisions of compositions and a post-test. Using ANCOVA, the researchers found that the OIF group outperformed the EF group in terms of both accuracy and complexity in both revised compositions and post-test. The findings from the study may encourage language teachers’ further us

Effect of synbiotic supplementation on weight, body mass index and blood sugar in type II diabetic patients

Obesity disrupts glucose homeostasis by metabolic disorders. Probiotics are nutritional and medicinal potential to control obesity and its related disorders. This study was aimed to investigate effects of synbiotic supplementation on weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood sugar in type II diabetic patients. This clinical double-blind trial study was done on 43 (15 males and 28 females) type II diabetic patients who reffered to diabetes clinic in Sabzevar. The patients in the study were randomly divided into two groups Synbiotic and the control. The synbiotic group received 1 tablet synbiotic and placebo group received 1placebo for 8 weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, all of patients' weight and height and fasting plasma glucose levels were measured according to standard protocols. Before and after study, 24-hour dietry recall was taken and food intake and calorie consumption were calculated throughout day. Mean age and duration of disease was 54.88 ± 11.10 and 7.33 ± 5.4 years. Synbiotic supplementation leads to weight loss. BMI and blood sugar in intervention groups patients in comparison of control group. The results showed that Synbiotic supplementation reduced weight, BMI and blood glucose in type II diabetic patients and its intake can be usefull for diabetics

The Relationship between Macronutrient Intake and Women\'s Abdominal Obesity in Sabzevar, Iran

Background: Given that abdominal obesity increases the risk of affecting metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between energy and macronutrient intake with women's abdominal obesity in Sabzevar. Methods: In this study, 225 female nurses and medical staff in Vase&rsquo;e hospital of Sabzevar were selected. In order to assess the dietary intake, data were gathered by completing food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric indices including: height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference of the samples was measured according to standard guideline and waist to hip circumference ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. The WHR > 0.8 was considered as abdominal obesity. The level of significance was (P < 0.05). Results: The result showed that of the waist mean circumference was 80.73 &plusmn; 12.58 cm, hip circumference was 102.29 &plusmn; 11.57 cm and women's WHR was 0.87 &plusmn; 0.15. The mean of energy, fat, protein, carbohydrate and cholesterol intake in assessed women was more than the standard dietary intake. There was no significant relationship between abdominal obesity and energy and macronutrient intake. Conclusions: This study showed that the incidence of female abdominal obesity is high and energy and macronutrient intake is recommended more than the standard. This problem emphasizes the necessity of converting dietary habits and pattern of worker women in order to enhance dietary status and reducing obesit

Study of fruit and vegetable intake in breast cancer patients in the city of Sabzevar

Introduction: Diet is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for prevention and control of chronic diseases, including breast cancer. This study aimed to determine the fruit and vegetable intake in women with cancer breast in Sabzevar. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 125 women with breast cancer in Sabzevar in 2011. Census sampling was done on volunteers in a visiting home and suspected women referred to the mammography, ultrasound, and radiology clinic in the Sabzevar center for breast cancer. Demographic and semi quantitative food questionnaires of 160 foods were completed for each of the patients by trained interviewers. Data were analyzed using the software Nutritionist IV. Descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test, and Chi-square test were used, employing the SPSS version 16. Results: In this study, 125 women were assessed with breast cancer. The highest risk with breast cancer was 35.5% in women 40 to 49 years old. The results of this study showed that patients with breast cancer had minimum daily recommended intake (3.06 ± 2.3 serving of fruits and 2.09 ± 1.81 serving of vegetables in days). One sample t-test showed that the mean intake of fruits and vegetables was not a significant deference with daily recommended intake (p>0.05). The chi-square test showed that patients with minimum daily recommended intake of fruits and vegetables were at high risk for breast cancer in comparison with those who received the highest amount (p=0.001). Conclusion: This study supports evidence that high vegetable and fruit intake is associated with lower breast cancer risk