Infrared detection of concrete deterioration

Infrared detection of concrete deterioratio

Genetic Relationship between Live Animal Ultrasound Measures and Scrotal Circumference in Yearling Angus Bulls

The purpose of this study was to determining the relationship between 365-d yearling scrotal circumference, scanning weight, and component ultrasound measured compositional traits. The genetic correlations between scrotal circumference measured at 365-d of age and other live animal measures are low. Of these five genetic relationships, the highest correlation is with % intramuscular fat (IMF) at .13. However, this is a low genetic correlation. The positive sign of the scrotal circumference-% IMF genetic correlation is encouraging for breeders wanting to increase scrotal circumference and % IMF at the same time. Scrotal circumference in yearling Angus bulls is not strongly linked genetically with weight and compositional traits. Selection programs for either increased retail product (as measured by weight and ribeye area) or quality (as measured by % IMF) will not result in an antagonistic effect on scrotal circumference

Comparison of Sire Carcass EPD Rankings Using Real-time Ultrasound Measures from Yearling Angus Bulls Versus Using Measures from Developing Angus Heifers

The purpose of this study was to compare how sires rank on EPD generated solely from yearling Angus bull measures against those generated solely from developing heifer measures. Ultrasound EPD from heifer progeny ultrasound measures are ranking the sires identically to the EPD from the bull progeny ultrasound measures. The heifer data complement the bull data, and breeders should be encouraged to scan all of their developing females at or around 390 days of age to improve the accuracy of carcass EPD based ultrasound measures

A Project to Develop Genetic Specification for the Beef Industry

A new beef breeding project will be conducted at the Rhodes and McNay farms of ISU. The project will use the field data of the American Angus Association along with the research resources (cattle) of the farms to study questions that will enhance the genetic investigations using the field data. It will build on the expertise developed at ISU with ultrasound to measure body composition in the live animal and in the carcass. Two selection lines, using registered Angus obtained as heifers and through ET, of 200 females each will be selected for increased intramuscular fat (Q line) and for increased retail product (R line). The estimation of the genetic correlation between quality and amount of product can best be accomplished through the study of one generation of selection using measures of body composition derived from ultrasound. A progeny test herd will be maintained to evaluate all sires used through progeny carcass testing and to further research with ultrasound. The project will study efficiency of body maintenance. Results will be shared through the Beef Improvement Federation to benefit all producers in the development of sound programs to profitably produce specified beef products

A Mathematical Model of the Illinois Interlibrary Loan Network

Coordinated Science Laboratory was formerly known as Control Systems LaboratoryIllinois State Librar

Effect of MGA on Performance, Sexual Behavior, Carcass Quality and Tenderness in Mixed-Sex Pens of Cattle

The effect of MGA in mixed pens of steers and heifers was evaluated over a three-year period at the ISU Armstrong Research Farm near Lewis, Iowa. Two pens of approximately 40 head were fed diets with or without MGA in each of three replications. Estrus and riding activity was monitored using the Heat Watch system. At slaughter, in addition to routine carcass data collection, a rib sample was collected from each carcass for tenderness evaluation. There was no effect on dry matter intake due to MGA treatment. Mixed-sex pens that were fed MGA were 4% more efficient than controls. MGA-fed steers gained similarly to control steers. MGA fed heifers gained 8% faster than control heifers. MGA highly reduced measures of estrus and riding activity throughout the feeding period. MGA feeding improved marbling and tenderness measured in both steers and heifers. These data suggest that MGA has potential to improve performance, quality grade, and tenderness in mixed pens of steers and heifers

Prediction of Percent Retail Product, Retail Product Weight and Hot Carcass Weight From Serially Measured Live Animal Traits

A total of 1,072 observations collected over a six-year period were used to develop prediction models for retail product (percentage and weight) and hot carcass weight from live cattle measures. Independent variables used were: ultrasound fat thickness (UFAT), ultrasound longissimus muscle Area (ULMA), age, hip height (HT), live weight (WT), ultrasound-predicted percent Intramuscular fat (UIMF) and breed composition. Pearson product moment correlations between the dependent and independent variables were often significant (P \u3c .01, P \u3c .05). In the prediction of percent retail product, UFAT accounted for 29 to 42% of the variation. A complete model including all the independent variables explained 20% more of the variation. In the prediction of retail product weight, WT remained a highly significant independent variable accounting for 32 to 78% of the variation. Similarly, WT accounted for 38 to 81% of the variation in hot carcass weight. When independent variables were adjusted to a constant age, models from data adjusted to earlier ages (M-414, M-382) explained more variation than models from data adjusted to a mean age at slaughter (M-448)

Scaling dependence on the fluid viscosity ratio in the selective withdrawal transition

In the selective withdrawal experiment fluid is withdrawn through a tube with its tip suspended a distance S above a two-fluid interface. At sufficiently low withdrawal rates, Q, the interface forms a steady state hump and only the upper fluid is withdrawn. When Q is increased (or S decreased), the interface undergoes a transition so that the lower fluid is entrained with the upper one, forming a thin steady-state spout. Near this transition the hump curvature becomes very large and displays power-law scaling behavior. This scaling allows for steady-state hump profiles at different flow rates and tube heights to be scaled onto a single similarity profile. I show that the scaling behavior is independent of the viscosity ratio.Comment: 33 Pages, 61 figures, 1 tabl

Environmental Impact of Undular Tidal Bores in Tropical Rivers

A tidal bore impacts significantly on the estuarine ecosystem, although little is known on the flow field, mixing and sediment motion beneath tidal bores. In the absence of detailed systematic field measurements, a quasi-steady flow analogy was applied to investigate undular tidal bores with inflow Froude numbers between 1.25 and 1.6. Experimental results indicated that rapid flow redistributions occur beneath the free-surface undulations, with significant variations in bed shear stress between wave crests and troughs. Dynamic similarity was used to predict detailed flow characteristics of undular tidal bores. The effects of periodic loading on river sediments, scour of river bed and flow mixing behind the bore are discussed. A better understanding of these processes will contribute to better management practices in tidal bore affected rivers, including the Styx and Daly rivers in tropical Australia