Energy storage concentrates on solar air heaters with artificial S-shaped irregularity on the absorber plate

This study utilizes the friction factor as a means to evaluate the impact of the roughness parameter on both heat transfer and pressure drop. This work involves doing an experimental and numerical investigation on the utilization of artificial roughness in solar air heaters situated in outdoor settings. The study examines the effects of using a rectangular S-shaped arrangement of artificial roughness, both in an inline and staggered configuration. The objective of this study is to validate the enhanced thermo-hydraulic performance of solar air heaters using various arrangements of artificial roughness shapes. The parameters considered include the length of the relative roughness (d/H = 1.33), the height of the relative roughness (e/H = 0.271), and the constant distance between S (b/H = 0.667). The Reynolds number is varied within the range of 3000 to 10,000, while the pitch range (p/H) is set to (1.667, 3.33, 5, 6.667) for in-line arrangements and (l/H) is set to (0.8335, 1.666, 2.5, and 3.335) for staggered arrangements. The results show that enhancing heat transfer using an artificial roughness staggered arrangement is the best. The maximum Nusselt number was observed at a dimensionless pitch-to-height ratio of 3.33 for both inline and staggered arrangements, with values of 4.87 and 4.2 times higher than that of the smooth duct, respectively

The Relevance of Meditative Thinking and Politics in Heidegger’ Thinking

With no exaggeration, Martin Heidegger is one of the most prominent thinkers of the twentieth century, who critically examines the 2,500-year history of the West as a manifestation of subjectivism and technological rationality, and places his efforts on the foundation of the paradigm of knowledge. The modern world collapsed and turned to ontology. The premise of this paper is based on the principle that if modern politics is based on the will to power, the gap between subject and object, and the dominance of technological rationality, Heidegger intends to break away from politics by turning from epistemology to ontology. Based on the relationship between master and slavery of the modern world, and introduce a policy based on ontology, which ensures the elimination of the gap between subject and object and the openness of man to himself, the world and the other

The association between plant and animal protein intake and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis

BackgroundHemodialysis (HD) patients often experience a significant reduction in quality of life (QOL). The source of dietary protein intake may influence the renal function and complications of HD patients. The present study assessed the relationship between plant and animal protein intake and QOL in HD patients.Methods264 adult patients under dialysis for at least three months were included in this cross-sectional study. Dietary intakes were collected using a valid and reliable 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) over the past year. Total, animal, and plant proteins were calculated for each patient. To evaluate QOL, Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SF 1/3) was used. Anthropometric measures were assessed according to standard protocols.ResultsIn this study, the average age of participants was 58.62 ± 15.26 years old; most (73.5%) were men. The mean of total, plant, and animal proteins intake were 66.40 ± 34.29 g/d, 34.60 ± 18.24 g/d, and 31.80 ± 22.21 g/d. Furthermore, the mean score of QOL was 59.29 ± 18.68. After adjustment for potential confounders, a significant positive association was found between total dietary protein intake and QOL (β = 0.12; p = 0.03). Moreover, there was a significant association between plant-based protein intake and QOL (β = 0.26; p < 0.001). However, the association between animal protein intake and QOL was insignificant (β = 0.03; p = 0.60).ConclusionHigher total and plant proteins intake were associated with better QOL in HD patients. Further studies, particularly prospective ones, are needed to corroborate these associations

An innovative two-stage machine learning-based adaptive robust unit commitment strategy for addressing uncertainty in renewable energy systems

Confronting the challenge of intermittent renewables, current unit commitment practices falter, urging the development of novel short-term generation scheduling techniques for enhanced microgrid stability. This study presents an adaptive robust unit commitment approach using machine learning techniques for renewable power systems, computing the Calinski-Harabasz index to identify prediction inaccuracies related to intermittent sources. The uncertainties are subsequently grouped together using the spatial clustering tool, and the average density of the K-means distribution is calculated. The clustering of points in space, considering noise, discrete uncertainty in renewable energy sources, and outliers within the comprehensive uncertainty set, is addressed via a nonparametric algorithm. The implementation of established methodologies and frameworks, in conjunction with density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise, introduces an innovative method for vulnerability clustering. This methodology guarantees that every cluster aligns with data pertaining to vulnerabilities of renewable energy sources. The performance of the suggested method is showcased by conducting experiments on modified IEEE 39-bus and 118-bus test systems that use intermittent wind power. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework may lower the cost of robustness by 8–48% compared to traditional robust optimization techniques. The results of stochastic programming showed that the optimized system with a stable economic organization would have 75 % faster calculations

Conceptual Explanation of the Food Production Cycle Based on Tayyib Food Indices in the Holy Quran

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: Developing civilization processes and systems based on the Qur'anic principles is one of the major issues in the field of epistemics and management in the Islamic community. Nutrition is one of the most vital processes in life and, based on Islamic principles, it plays a key role in securing the religion and world for human. From the perspective of Islamic ideology, nutrition affects the body, thought and faith of humans, although foods do not have the same appearance. God has set the highest standard of quality for human food.Methods: This is an qualitative content analysis study based on Quranic verses relying on the interpretations as an ignored aspect of nutrition. To analyze the word Tayyib, first, its meaning was investigated in lexicographers’ studies, and from the sum of their opinions, we came to a comprehensive and obstructive meaning. In order to achieve the standard of Tayyib food, the word Tayyib was analyzed in the Holy Qur'an and semantically examined. Using semantic network design, its semantic core was extracted and, based on it, the indicators of tayyeb food were determined. The authors declared no conflict of interest.Results: Tayyib food is a pure and developmental food that is perfectly in harmony with the body. Also, it is pleasing, clean, tasty and in good condition, and has a beneficial effect. Furthermore, it is non-harmful to the soul and body. Halal food, on the other hand, is anything that is not forbidden and tayyeb is used to mean something which is in harmony with human spirit as against khabith, which human spirit hates. Conceptually, tayyeb food refers to good, useful, healthy, non-harmful, halal, clean food that is in harmony with human spirit and without any contamination within or in appearance. It refers to a food with complete nutritional values.Conclusion: Tayyib food indices are used as the main elements of a comprehensive and process standard for the entire food cycle from production to consumption. It is considered as a quality standard for optimizing food processes. For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Please cite this article as: Zamani H, Naji-Tabasi S, Afkhami-Rouhani H, Ahmadzadeh SM, Shahidi-Noghabi M. Conceptual Explanation of the Food Produciton Cycle Based on Tayyib Food Indices in the Holy Quran. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020;6(2):165-179. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i2.2146

The effect of motivational interviewing-based intervention using self-determination theory on promotion of physical activity among women in reproductive age: A randomized clinical trial

Background: Physical activity (PA) prevents chronic diseases. Self-determination theory (SDT) provides a useful framework to understand the nature of motivational interviewing (MI). Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of MI-based intervention using SDT on the promotion of PA among women in reproductive age. Methods: Seventy women in reproductive age were selected by clustering sampling method for this randomized controlled trial. The questionnaire included the variables of physical fitness test, SDT, and global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). The validity of the questionnaires was approved using content validity ratio (CVR) and index (CVI). The reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaires and measures was approved using test-retest method and Cronbach's alpha test, respectively. The intervention group (n=35) received four MI sessions through theory and one standard education session about PA. The control group (n=35) received a standard education session about PA. Results: Four months after the intervention, an increase in the mean scores of total PA (p<0.001, ES=4.77), physical fitness tests including flexibility (p<0.001, ES=1.59), muscular endurance (p<0.001, ES=2.0), cardiorespiratory endurance (p<0.001, ES=0.51), and a decrease in mean scores of agility test (p<0.001, ES= - 0.51) and sedentary behavior (p<0.01, ES=- 0.74) was observed in the intervention group compared to the control group. The intervention group reported an increase in the scores of intrinsic motivation (p<0.001, ES=3.34), identified regulation (p<0.001, ES= 1.28), perceptions of competence (p<0.001, ES=0.81) and autonomy (p<0.001, ES=2.01), enjoyment (p<0.001, ES=0.98) and health motives (p<0.01, ES=0.19), health care climate (p<0.001, ES=4.6), and a decreased score of external regulation (p<0.01, ES=-0.55) and amotivation (p<0.01, ES= -0.56) over time, compared to the control group. Conclusion: MI-based intervention using SDT was effective on the promotion of PA. Trial registration: The Trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trial (http://www.irct.ir) with the Irct ID: IRCT2015101924592N1

Evaluation of the Effects of Oronasal Versus Oral Disinfections with Chlorhexidine on Clinical Criteria of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most prevalent and lethal form of nosocomial infections in the ICU and oral disinfection is a nursing measure to prevent this condition. Aim: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of oronasal versus oral disinfections with chlorhexidine on the clinical criteria for diagnosis of VAP. Method: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 intubated ICU patients under mechanical ventilation at Shahid Kamyab Hospital of Mashhad, Iran in 2016. Samples were divided into two groups of intervention (mouthwash and disinfection of nostrils with 0.2% chlorhexidine every eight hours) and control (mouthwash). Clinical criteria for VAP, including pulmonary infiltration, rectal temperature, white blood cell (WBC) count and endotracheal discharge were recorded and compared between the two groups from days 1-6. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 11.5 using Chi-square test. Results: In this study, mean age of intervention and control groups was 44.3±19.9 and 45.9±18.2 years, respectively. The results of Chi-square test indicated no significant difference between the groups regarding rectal temperature (P=0.22), WBC count (P=0.33), purulent endotracheal discharge (P= 0.47), pulmonary infiltration (P=0.21) and incidence of VAP (P=0.21). Implications for Practice: According to the results of this study, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding clinical criteria and the incidence of VAP despite clinical differences. Therefore, it is recommended that further studies be conducted in this area

The Prevalence of Malnutrition Based on the Anthropometric Variables in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Isfahan, Iran

Background: Malnutrition is prevalent among patients undergoing hemodialysis, and a significant number of these people suffer from symptoms of malnutrition. Nevertheless, there are limited data regarding malnutrition based on the anthropometric assessment among these patients in Isfahan, Iran. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition based on anthropometric indicators in patients undergoing hemodialysis in Isfahan City. Methods: The present descriptive multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 hemodialysis patients in Hojjatieh, Farabi, Zahraye Marzieh, Shariati, and Amin hospitals in Isfahan City in 2021. The weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and mid-arm muscle circumference of the patients who met the inclusion criteria were measured. Cut-off point for malnutrition index was determined based on previous studies conducted in Iran. The independent t-test was used to compare the mean difference of the studied indexes in two groups of men and women. Findings: More than half of male subjects had low body mass index (BMI) (58.9%) and mid-arm muscle circumference (53%). In addition, the prevalence of low BMI (73.3%), WC (52%), and mid-arm muscle circumference (73%) was more than 50% among women. Conclusion: A significant percentage of patients included in this study had an unfavorable nutritional status based on the anthropometric assessment. Therefore, regular nutritional assessment and taking necessary actions to prevent or treat malnutrition is necessary in hemodialysis patients

الشرح المفهومي للسلسلة الغذائية طبقاً لمعايير الغذاء الطيّب في القرآن الكريم

سابقه و هدف: طراحی فرایندها و نظام‎های تمدنی بر اساس مبانی قرآنی یکی از مسائل اصلی حوزه‎های معرفتی و مدیریتی در جامعۀ اسلامی است. تغذیه از حیاتی‎ترین فرایندهای زندگی است و بر اساس مبانی اسلامی در تأمین سعادت دین و دنیای انسان نقش کلیدی دارد. از دیدگاه جهان‌بینی اسلامی، تغذیه بر جسم، فکر و ایمان انسان اثر می‌گذارد. ازاین‌رو، هدف این پژوهش تبیین مفهومی زنجیرۀ غذایی بر اساس شاخص­های غذای طیّب در قرآن کریم بود. روش کار: این پژوهش از نوع تحلیل محتوای کیفی است که در آن به استناد آیات قرآن کریم و با تکیه بر تفاسیر به یکی از جنبه‌هاي مغفول تغذیه پرداخته شده است. برای تحلیل واژۀ طیّب، نخست معنای لغویِ آن در آثار لغت­شناسان بررسی شد و از مجموع آرای آنان معنایی جامع و مانع به دست آمد. برای دستیابی به استاندارد غذای طیّب، این واژه در قرآن کریم تحلیل و بررسیِ معناشناختی شد و از طریق ترسیم شبکۀ معنایی، هستۀ معناییِ آن استخراج و بر پایۀ آن، شاخص­های غذای طیّب استخراج شد. مؤلفان مقاله هیچ‌گونه تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده‌اند. یافته‌ها: غذای طيّب غذايی پاك و تكويني است كه با ساختار بدن هماهنگي كامل دارد و لذت­بخش، مطابق با ذائقه، مطبوع، دارای اثر مفید و سازنده برای جسم و روح و غیرمضر و غیرمخرب است. حلال چيزى است كه ممنوعيتى نداشته باشد و طيّب به چيزهاى پاكيزه گفته مى‏شود كه موافق طبع سالم انسانى است، نقطۀ مقابل خبيث كه طبع آدمى از آن تنفر دارد. از نظر مفهومی، غذای طیّب غذای حسن، مفید، سالم و بدون ضرر، حلال، پاک، متناسب با مزاج، بدون آلودگی ظاهری و باطنی و غذایِ با ارزشِ غذایی کامل است. نتیجه‌گیری: شاخص­های غذای طیّب عناصر اصلی استانداردی جامع و فرایندی برای کل زنجیرۀ تولید تا مصرفِ مواد غذایی است که استانداردی با کیفیت برتر برای بهینه­سازی فرایندهای غذایی محسوب می‌شود. استناد مقاله به این صورت است: &nbsp;Zamani H, Naji-Tabasi S, Afkhami-Rouhani H, Ahmadzadeh SM, Shahidi-Noghabi M. Conceptual Explanation of the Food Production Cycle Based on Tayyib Food Indices in the Holy Quran. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020;6(2):165-179. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i2.21463Background and Objective: Developing civilization processes and systems based on the Qur'anic principles is one of the major issues in the field of epistemics and management in the Islamic community. Nutrition is one of the most vital processes in life and, based on Islamic principles, it plays a key role in securing the religion and world for human. From the perspective of Islamic ideology, nutrition affects the body, thought and faith of humans, although foods do not have the same appearance. God has set the highest standard of quality for human food. Methods: This is an qualitative content analysis study based on Quranic verses relying on the interpretations as an ignored aspect of nutrition. To analyze the word Tayyib, first, its meaning was investigated in lexicographers’ studies, and from the sum of their opinions, we came to a comprehensive and obstructive meaning. In order to achieve the standard of Tayyib food, the word Tayyib was analyzed in the Holy Qur'an and semantically examined. Using semantic network design, its semantic core was extracted and, based on it, the indicators of Tayyib food were determined. The authors declared no conflict of interest. Results: Tayyib food is a pure and developmental food that is perfectly in harmony with the body. Also, it is pleasing, clean, tasty and in good condition, and has a beneficial effect. Furthermore, it is non-harmful to the soul and body. Halal food, on the other hand, is anything that is not forbidden and Tayyib is used to mean something which is in harmony with human spirit as against Khabith, which human spirit hates. Conceptually, Tayyib food refers to good, useful, healthy, non-harmful, halal, clean food that is in harmony with human spirit and without any contamination within or in appearance. It refers to a food with complete nutritional values. Conclusion: Tayyib food indices are used as the main elements of a comprehensive and process standard for the entire food cycle from production to consumption. It is considered as a quality standard for optimizing food processes. &nbsp; Please cite this article as: Zamani H, Naji-Tabasi S, Afkhami-Rouhani H, Ahmadzadeh SM, Shahidi-Noghabi M. Conceptual Explanation of the Food Produciton Cycle Based on Tayyib Food Indices in the Holy Quran. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020;6(2):165-179. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i2.21463خلفية البحث وأهدافه: إن تقديم الأنظمة والبرامج الحضارية القائمة على أساس المباني القرآنية يعتبر أحد المسائل الأصلية للمجالات المعرفية والإدارية في المجتمع الإسلامي. فالتغذية تعتبر من أهم أبعاد الحياة، وطبقاً للمباني الإسلامية فإن لها دوراً أساسياً في تأمين السعادة الدينية والدنيوية للإنسان، فللتغذية من وجهة نظر الرؤية الكونية الإسلامية أثرها على جسم الإنسان وفكره وإيمانه. ومن هنا، فإن الهدف من هذه الدراسة تقديم شرح مفهومي للسلسلة الغذائية طبقاً لمعايير الغذاء الطيّب في القرآن الكريم. منهجية البحث: تُصنف هذه الدراسة تحت النوع تحليل محتوى نوعي، حيث تتعرض لأحد الجوانب المغفولة للتغذية، وذلك استناداً إلى آيات القرآن الكريم، واعتماداً على التفاسير. ومن أجل تحليل مصطلح الطيّب فقد تم البحث ابتداءً عن معناه اللغوي في كتب اللغويين، وتم الوصول من مجموع آرائهم إلى معنى جامع ومانع له. ومن ثم وبغرض الوصول إلى معايير الغذاء الطيّب فقد تم القيام بدراسة وتحليل مفهومي لهذا المصطلح على ضوء القرآن الكريم، وتم استخراج المعنى الجوهري له من خلال رسم شبكة مفهومية، وتم استخراج معايير الغذاء الطيّب على أساس ذلك. ولم يظهر لمؤلفي المقالة أي تقرير عن تضاد للمصالح. الكشوفات: إن الغذاء الطيّب هو غذاء طاهر ومكوِّن له ملائمة تامة مع بنية البدن، وهو لذيذ، ومتوافق مع الذائقة، ويطابق الطبع، وله أثر مفيد ونافع للجسم والروح، وليس مضراً ولا مخرِّباً. ويطلق الحلال على الشيء غير الممنوع، والطيّب على الأشياء النظيفة الموافقة للطبع السليم الإنساني. والنقطة المقابلة لذلك هي الخبيث وهو ما ينفر منه الطبع الإنساني. ومن جهة مفهومية فإن الغذاء الطيّب هو الغذاء الحسن والمفيد والسالم الذي لا ضرر فيه والحلال والطاهر والمتلائم مع المزاج والخالي من التلوث الظاهري والباطني، والغذاء ذو القيمة الغذائية الكاملة. الاستنتاج: إن معايير الغذاء الطيّب هي العناصر الأساسية للمعايير الشاملة وهي عملية تعالج كل الحلقات المتسلسلة للمواد الغذائية من الإنتاج إلى الاستهلاك. فهي معايير بمستوى كيفي أعلى من أجل تحسين العمليات الغذائية. &nbsp; يتم استناد المقالة على الترتيب التالي: Zamani H, Naji-Tabasi S, Afkhami-Rouhani H, Ahmadzadeh SM, Shahidi-Noghabi M. Conceptual Explanation of the Food Production Cycle Based on Tayyib Food Indices in the Holy Quran. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020;6(2):165-179. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i2.2146