56 research outputs found

    Multi-scale modelling of silicon nanocrystal synthesis by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition.

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    A multi-scale model has been developed in order to represent the nucleation and growth phenomena taking place during silicon nanocrystal (NC) synthesis on SiO2 substrates by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition from pure silane SiH4. Intrinsic sticking coefficients and H2 desorption kinetic parameters were established by ab initio modelling for the first three stages of silicon chemisorption on SiO2 sites, i.e. silanol Si―OH bonds and siloxane Si―O―Si bridges. This ab initio study has revealed that silane cannot directly chemisorb on SiO2 sites, the first silicon chemisorption proceeds from homogeneously born unsaturated species like silylene SiH2. These kinetic data were implemented into the Computational Fluid Dynamics Fluent code at the industrial reactor scale, by activating its system of surface site control in transient conditions. NC area densities and radii deduced from Fluent calculations were validated by comparison with experimental data. Information about the deposition mechanisms was then obtained. In particular, hydrogen desorption has been identified as the main limiting step of NC nucleation and growth, and the NC growth rate highly increases with run duration due to the autocatalytic nature of deposition

    Towards multiscale modeling of Si nanocrystals LPCVD deposition on SiO2: From ab initio calculations to reactor scale simulations

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    A modeling study is presented involving calculations at continuum and atomistic (DFT, Density Functional Theory) levels so as to better understand mechanisms leading to silicon nanocrystals (NC) nucleation and growth on SiO2 silicon dioxide surface, by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (LPCVD) from silane SiH4. Calculations at the industrial reactor scale show that a promising way to improve reproducibility and uniformity of NC deposition at short term could be to increase deposition time by highly diluting silane in a carrier gas. This dilution leads to a decrease of silane deposition rate and to a marked increase of the contribution to deposition of unsaturated species such as silylene SiH2. This result gives importance to our DFT calculations since they reveal that only silylene (and probably other unsaturated species) are involved in the very first steps of nucleation i.e. silicon chemisorption on silanol Si–OH or siloxane Si–O–Si bonds present on SiO2 substrates. Saturated molecules such as silane could only contribute to NC growth, i.e. chemisorption on already deposited silicon bonds, since their decomposition activation barriers on SiO2 surface are as high as 3 eV

    MODELISATION ET SIMULATION MULTI-NIVEAUX DE L'OXYDATION THERMIQUE DU SILICIUM SI(100) (DE L'ECHELLE ATOMIQUE AU CONTINUUM)

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    CE TRAVAIL PRESENTE UNE PREMIERE TENTATIVE POUR SIMULER L'OXYDATION DU SILICIUM EN TENANT COMPTE DES MECANISMES A L'ECHELLE ATOMIQUE ET EN METTANT EN UVRE UN ENSEMBLE DE MODELES HIERARCHISES. IL S'INSCRIT DANS LE CONTEXTE ACTUEL DE LA TENDANCE A LA REDUCTION DES DIMENSIONS DES COMPOSANTS MICROELECTRONIQUES, NECESSITANT DES COUCHES D'OXYDE DE PLUS EN PLUS FINES. A CES DIMENSIONS, LE RECOURS AUX MECANISMES MICROSCOPIQUES DEVIENT INEVITABLE, C'EST LA RAISON DE L'UTILISATION DES MODELES HIERARCHISES : - AB INITIO, FONDE SUR LA THEORIE DE LA FONCTIONNELLE DENSITE, POUR DETERMINER LES MECANISMES ELEMENTAIRES ET LES ENERGIES D'ACTIVATION ASSOCIEES, - MONTE CARLO POUR MELANGER CES MECANISMES ELEMENTAIRES DANS UN SYSTEME A GRAND NOMBRE D'ATOMES ET SIMULER LES CONFIGURATIONS RENCONTREES A HAUTE TEMPERATURE, - CINETIQUE CHIMIQUE QUI REPREND LES MECANISMES LES PLUS PERTINENTS POUR TRAITER DES DIMENSIONS LATERALES MACROSCOPIQUES ET POUR ACCELERER LE CALCUL, AVEC UNE FINALITE D'UTILISATION INDUSTRIELLE. CHACUN DE CES MODELES FOURNIT DES MECANISMES ET DES PARAMETRES AU MODELE SUIVANT QUI TRAITE UN PLUS GRAND NOMBRE D'ATOMES, SIMULE DES DUREES D'EXPERIENCE PLUS LONGUES AVEC DES TEMPS DE CALCUL PLUS COURTS. NOUS AVONS MONTRE, A L'AIDE DE CALCULS AB INITIO, L'EXISTENCE DE DEUX MECANISMES FONDAMENTAUX: - LA REACTION DE L'OXYGENE AVEC DES LIAISONS SI-SI POUR FORMER DES LIAISONS SI-O-SI - L'ARRACHAGE DES ATOMES DE SILICIUM CRISTALLIN POUR FORMER DES MOLECULES SIO QUI SONT ENSUITE REABSORBEES. LA TECHNIQUE DE MONTE CARLO NOUS A PERMIS DE METTRE EN CONCURRENCE CES DEUX MECANISMES, EN MEME TEMPS QUE D'AUTRES PLUS CONNUS DE LA CROISSANCE DES COUCHES. NOUS AVONS AINSI SIMULE LA CROISSANCE DE COUCHES D'OXYDE DANS DIVERSES CONDITIONS EXPERIMENTALES: TEMPERATURE, PRESSION, ET COMPARE NOS RESULTATS AVEC LES DONNEES EXPERIMENTALES DE DIFFERENTES NATURES. ENFIN NOUS AVONS EXPRIME L'EVOLUTION DES VALEURS MOYENNES DES CONCENTRATIONS DES PRINCIPALES ESPECES RENCONTREES DANS LA SIMULATION MONTE CARLO, EN TERME D'EQUATIONS AUX DERIVEES PARTIELLES. NOUS AVONS RESOLU CES EQUATIONS POUR EN DEDUIRE LA CINETIQUE D'OXYDATION ET DE CREATION DES DEFAUTS. POUR EFFECTUER CES SIMULATIONS, NOUS AVONS DEVELOPPE ET VALIDE DEUX LOGICIELS DE TYPE MONTE CARLO (OXCAD) ET MACROSCOPIQUE. LES PREMIERES VERSIONS DE CES LOGICIELS SONT SUFFISAMMENT SOUPLES POUR QUE DE NOUVEAUX PUISSENT Y ETRE FACILEMENT IMPLANTES.TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

    First-principles investigation of CuO decomposition and its transformation into Cu 2 O

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    This paper reports on the mechanisms of CuO decomposition and its associated phase transformation into Cu2O, as a fundamental step of thermite materials reaction, where CuO serves as the oxidizer. Frenkel pair defects in perfect bulk CuO show extremely high formation energy (>4 eV) indicating that its decomposition initiates at defects/interfaces/surfaces, th
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