L’évolution de la dyspnée face aux émotions anxiogènes et relaxantes

Introduction : La dyspnée est un symptôme de gêne ou de difficulté respiratoire présent dans de nombreuses pathologies et chez des individus sans affection particulière. Il s’agit d’un symptôme fortement évocateur du ressenti émotionnel des sujets. L’anxiété constitue d’ailleurs une des émotions grandement liées à la dyspnée. Méthode et matériel : 22 sujets ont effectué un exercice sous maximal sur cycloergomètre à 60% de la fréquence cardiaque maximale durant 30 minutes dans 3 conditions. Une condition neutre, sans effet particulier, une condition relaxante où chaque sujet a écouté de la musique apaisante et une condition anxiogène où un film d’horreur a été présenté. Avant et après chaque intervention, la fréquence cardiaque et respiratoire, la tension artérielle, la dyspnée et 3 questionnaires (POMS, MDP, HADS) ont été mesurés. Résultats : Suite aux résultats obtenus, nous avons constaté une évolution significative de la dyspnée dans la condition anxiogène par rapport à la condition normale. Nous avons également remarqué une évolution de la fréquence cardiaque durant l’exercice ainsi qu’une différence significative de l’anxiété et de la dimension affective de la dyspnée. Conclusion : L’étude a réussi à montrer une augmentation de la dyspnée lors de la condition suscitant de l’anxiété. Il serait pertinent d’étendre ces recherches chez d’autres types de sujets et dans d’autres conditions de stress.Master [60] en kinésithérapie et réadaptation, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

Evolution Of Exercise-related Dyspnea in Response To Anxiety-provoking Or Relaxing Situations In Healthy Subjects

Abstract Body: Exertional dyspnea,characterized as a symptom of discomfort or difficulty in breathing, is a common complaint in healthy individuals and in many pathologies. Previous studies have shown that emotions including anxiety and stress influenced the perceived unpleasantness of dyspnea. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of relaxing and anxiety-provoking situations on exercise-related dyspnea, heart and respiratory rates, blood pressure, mood state, anxiety and depression in healthy subjects. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy adults were included in this randomized cross-over study. Each participant performed three submaximal cycling exercise for 30 minutes on three separate days in a randomized order: a neutral condition (NC) with no particular effect, a relaxing condition (RC) where each subject listened to relaxing music and an anxiety-provoking condition (APC) where a horror movie was broadcast. Heart and respiratory rates, blood pressure,dyspnea using the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP) and modified Borg scales, mood state using the Profile of Mood States (POMS), anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) were evaluated before and 5 minutes after each intervention. In addition, heart and dyspnea rates were measured throughout the intervention. RESULTS: Dyspnea and heart rates increased more with APC than NC (1.68±0.15 vs 1.32±0.12 RPE, p<0.01 and 138±2 vs 119±1 bpm, p<0.001). In addition, submaximal exercise with APC showed a higher increase than NC in the subscales “breathing discomfort” (2.50±0.18 vs 1.86±0.11, p=0.02) and “emotional response domain” (6.82±1.55 vs 0.95±0.34, p<0.001) of MDP, global POMS score (11.73±3.58 vs -4.64±2.3, p<0.001) and HADS-Anxiety subscale (8.59±1.27 vs 3.27±0.61, p<0.001) and the dyspnea rates (0.64±0.12 vs 0.14±0.07 RPE, p<0.001). No significant difference were observed between NC and RC. CONCLUSION: Exercise-related dyspnea and anxiety increased with APC in healthy subjects. In contrast, results did not show difference in any parameters with RC. Many activities and daily life situations can lead the patient with a chronic disease to experience dyspnea. Future studies should investigate strategies to reduce dyspnea in chronic diseases and in fine, improve quality of life of these patients

Circulating Tumor DNA in HER2-Amplified Breast Cancer: A Translational Research Substudy of the NeoALTTO Phase III Trial.

In the neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) setting, dual HER2-targeted therapy is associated with increased pathologic complete response (pCR) rates compared with each therapy alone. Biomarkers allowing to predict treatment response during NAT are needed. We aim to evaluate whether circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is associated with response to anti-HER2-targeted therapy.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Epigenetic portraits of human breast cancers.

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Epigenetic portraits of human breast cancers.

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

DNA methylation profiling reveals a predominant immune component in breast cancers.

Breast cancer is a molecularly, biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of disorders. Understanding this diversity is essential to improving diagnosis and optimizing treatment. Both genetic and acquired epigenetic abnormalities participate in cancer, but the involvement of the epigenome in breast cancer and its contribution to the complexity of the disease are still poorly understood. By means of DNA methylation profiling of 248 breast tissues, we have highlighted the existence of previously unrecognized breast cancer groups that go beyond the currently known 'expression subtypes'. Interestingly, we showed that DNA methylation profiling can reflect the cell type composition of the tumour microenvironment, and in particular a T lymphocyte infiltration of the tumours. Further, we highlighted a set of immune genes having high prognostic value in specific tumour categories. The immune component uncovered here by DNA methylation profiles provides a new perspective for the importance of the microenvironment in breast cancer, holding implications for better management of breast cancer patients.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

HLA-E-expressing pluripotent stem cells escape allogeneic responses and lysis by NK cells

Polymorphisms in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I genes can cause the rejection of pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived products in allogeneic recipients. Disruption of the Beta-2 Microglobulin (B2M) gene eliminates surface expression of all class I molecules, but leaves the cells vulnerable to lysis by natural killer (NK) cells. Here we show that this 'missing-self' response can be prevented by forced expression of minimally polymorphic HLA-E molecules. We use adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene editing to knock in HLA-E genes at the B2M locus in human PSCs in a manner that confers inducible, regulated, surface expression of HLA-E single-chain dimers (fused to B2M) or trimers (fused to B2M and a peptide antigen), without surface expression of HLA-A, B or C. These HLA-engineered PSCs and their differentiated derivatives are not recognized as allogeneic by CD8+ T cells, do not bind anti-HLA antibodies and are resistant to NK-mediated lysis. Our approach provides a potential source of universal donor cells for applications where the differentiated derivatives lack HLA class II expression