Inhibitory impacts of natural antioxidants (ascorbic and citric acid) and vacuum packaging on lipid oxidation in frozen Persian sturgeon fillets

This study was aimed to investigate effects of aqueous citric acid (CA) and ascorbic acid (AA) on lipid oxidation in comparison with effect of vacuum packaging in order to find better treatment to delay improper changes in the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) fillets during frozen storage due to lipid oxidation. In this study traditional packaging, vacuum packaging, ascorbic acid solution (0.5 %) and citric acid solution (0.5 %) were considered as treatments. Rancidity development was measured by several biochemical indicators including Free Fatty Acids, Peroxide values and Thiobarbituric acid. Also pH, expressible moisture and sensory properties were measured during 6 months storage. Results showed that free fatty acid (FFA), primary and secondary oxidation products of control samples were significantly higher than those in other treatments (p<0.05). Also, expressible moisture and pH value of treated samples were significantly lower than those in control (p<0.05). However both antioxidants (AA and CA) extended shelf life of frozen fillets but rancidity development in CA treated samples was higher than other samples during storage. Results showed that all three treatments had significant effect on delaying lipid oxidation (p<0.05) but usage of AA and vacuum packaging had the best effect on delaying lipid oxidation and increasing shelf-life of fillets (p<0.05) . Thus the employment of AA and vacuum packaging alone or in combination with other protective strategies is recommended

Inhibitory impacts of natural antioxidants (ascorbic and citric acid) and vacuum packaging on lipid oxidation in frozen Persian sturgeon fillets

Abstract This study was aimed to investigate effects of aqueous citric acid (CA) and ascorbic acid (AA) on lipid oxidation in comparison with effect of vacuum packaging in order to find better treatment to delay improper changes in the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) fillets during frozen storage due to lipid oxidation. In this study traditional packaging, vacuum packaging, ascorbic acid solution (0.5 %) and citric acid solution (0.5 %) were considered as treatments. Rancidity development was measured by several biochemical indicators including Free Fatty Acids, Peroxide values and Thiobarbituric acid. Also pH, expressible moisture and sensory properties were measured during 6 months storage. Results showed that free fatty acid (FFA), primary and secondary oxidation products of control samples were significantly higher than those in other treatments (p&lt;0.05). Also, expressible moisture and pH value of treated samples were significantly lower than those in control (p&lt;0.05). However both antioxidants (AA and CA) extended shelf life of frozen fillets but rancidity development in CA treated samples was higher than other samples during storage. Results showed that all three treatments had significant effect on delaying lipid oxidation (p&lt;0.05) but usage of AA and vacuum packaging had the best effect on delaying lipid oxidation and increasing shelf-life of fillets (p&lt;0.05). Thus the employment of AA and vacuum packaging alone or in combination with other protective strategies is recommended

Comparison of different laboratory routine methods with adenosine deaminase test for diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis in two Iranian teaching hospitals, Tehran, Iran

In this study, laboratory routine tests were compared with adenosine deaminase (ADA) test for diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis. Sampling was performed among 30 patients admitted to two Iranian teaching hospitals (Imam and Modarres). For each patient two specimens were obtained from the pericardial fluid and biopsy. Pericardial fluid was used for staining, culture and measuring of ADA activity. The biopsy specimens were homogenized and cultured on Lowenstein-jensen media too and examined by H &amp; E stain for presence of caseous granulomas and tubercule bacilli. In this survey, the ADA activity level of less than 45 μL-1 in pericardial fluid were determined as negative, while more than 45 μL-1 were considered as positive reaction indicating of tuberculous pericarditis. In this study, from a total of 30 subjects, tuberculous pericarditis was diagnosed by routine laboratory tests in 13 patients who all had clinical symptoms of the disease. Tuberculous pericarditis was diagnosed by positive results of pericardial fluid cultures in 6 of 13 patients (46.2), by pericardial biopsy cultures in 6 patients (46.2), by pericardial fluid staining in 3 patients (23.1) and by tuberculin skin test in 10 patients (76.9). Finally we observed that all of 13 patients with tuberculous pericarditis had ADA levels of more than 45 μL-1 in their pericardial fluids. The results of the present study confirmed that high levels of ADA have a prognostic value and due to its high specificity and sensitivity and also being faster and easier than laboratory routine tests, so this test can utilized as effective diagnostic method for diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information

Probiotics and Different Efficacy, How it can be Managed?

The use of probiotics and obtained results from some studies and meta-analysis made it essential to search for the literature about probiotics. For this reason, the current review triesto explain and focus on gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, reliable designing of probiotics takes into consideration the type of strain and diseases, which are discussed, in the current review

Developing an interesting electrochemical biosensing system from an enzyme inhibition study: Binding, inhibition and determination of catalase by ascorbate

By this article, we are going to report results of one of works which has been performed on investigation of the binding and inhibition of catalase (CAT) by ascorbate (ASC). To achieve this goal, different electrochemical experiments have been performed and their data have been analyzed by conventional and chemometric methods. Conventional methods were including direct analysis of the electrochemical data by observation of them and using simple mathematical equations while chemometric analyses of the electrochemical data helped us to obtain more information which completed the previous information and gave us a new insight to the binding of the ASC with CAT. The next step of our study was devoted to the investigation of the binding of ASC with CAT by molecular docking methods which gave us new information about binding and inhibition of the CAT by ASC. All the steps gave specific information which not only confirmed each other but also gave new information which helped us to better understanding the mechanism of the binding and inhibition of the CAT by ASC. Finally, based on inhibition of the CAT by ASC, we have developed a novel impedimetric method for determination of the CAT. © 2020 The Author(s

Potential Role of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium for Preventing Kidney Stones

Background: A probiotic is a living microorganism that promotes host health when grown under appropriate con-ditions. Kidney stones are one of the universal agonizing diseases that have increased dramatically in recent years. One of the causes of this disease is hyperoxaluria (HOU), which is known to be an important factor in the forma-tion of oxalate stones and is manifested by high levels of oxalate in the urine. In addition, about 80 of kidney stones contain oxalate, and decomposition of this material by microbes is one way to dispose of it.Methods: Therefore, we examined a bacterial mixture containing Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lac-tobacillus acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium longum to prevent of oxalate production in Wistar rats with kidney stones. We divided the rats into 6 groups defined in the method.Results: The results of this study clearly show a decrease in urinary oxalate levels by exogenous means by L. plan-tarum, L. casei, L. acidophilus, and B. longum at the beginning of the experiment. Therefore, these bacteria can be used to control and prevent the formation of kidney stones.Conclusions: However, further studies should be conducted on the effects of these bacteria, and it is recommended to identify the gene responsible for the degradation of oxalate in order to develop a new probiotic

Antimicrobial susceptibility and AP-PCR typing of Acinetobacter spp. strains

Background: Acinetobacter spp., as important opportunistic pathogens, have been found to be responsible for an increasing number of nosocomial infections. This study was undertaken to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular typing of Iranian isolates of A. baumannii. Methods: The study was conducted over a period of 19 months in three hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Acinetobacter spp. were isolated from different clinical specimens using standard bacteriological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the standard CLSI guideline using 17 antibiotic disks. The AP-PCR fingerprinting was carried out using ARB 11 primer. The PCR product was run and visualized in 2 agarose gels and stained with ethidium bromide. The AP-PCR profiles were grouped depending on the patterns of the amplified bands. Results: Sixty seven strains of Acinetobacter spp. (including 21 A. baumannii and 46 non- A. baumannii) were isolated. The sources of these isolates were blood, urine, wound, and respiratory tract. A. baumannii isolates were further studied. Results showed that all A. baumannii isolates were resistant to at least 11 antibiotics tested. AP-PCR analysis of A. baumannii strains resulted in 7 different patterns. The dominant AP-PCR pattern was E (57.1). Conclusion: Acinetobacter spp. are still important nosocomial pathogens in the region studied and most of isolates were multi-drug resistant. Our results also indicate that the AP-PCR technique represents a rapid and simple means for typing of A. baumannii

Efficacy and Safety of Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation

Background: Early studies have shown that micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) might be an effective and safe treatment option for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). These studies were, however, somewhat limited, in particular by their retrospective nature and the length of follow-up. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy and safety of this novel treatment in a large cohort for up to 4 years. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study, including all patients who were treated with MP-TSCPC since November 2017. The primary outcome was a reduction of IOP and the number of IOP-lowering medications. Results: The mean ± standard deviation baseline IOP and number of IOP-lowering medications were 26.6 ± 10.8 mmHg and 3.3 ± 1.3. IOP was reduced by 8.2 ± 7.9 (31.8% reduction), 6.9 ± 8.7 (28.1% reduction), and 7.1 ± 8.4 (30.2% reduction) mmHg after 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean postoperative number of IOP-lowering medications was significantly reduced after 6 months by 0.6 ± 1.5 (p = 0.002) but was not significantly different after 12 or 24 months. Oral acetazolamide was significantly reduced from 28 (29%) eyes before treatment, to 9 (9%) at the last follow-up visit (p < 0.001). No major complications were observed after treatment. Conclusions: MP-TSCPC is a safe and effective treatment option for lowering IOP, but only reduced IOP-lowering medications in the first 6 months after treatment. However, MP-TSCPC is especially effective in getting patients off oral IOP-lowering drugs

Anti-biofilm Properties of Peganum harmala against Candida albicans

OBJECTIVES: Vaginitis still remains as a health issue in women. It is notable that Candida albicans producing biofilm is considered a microorganism responsible for vaginitis with hard to treat. Also, Peganum harmala was applied as an anti fungal in treatment for many infections in Iran. Therefore, this study goal to investigate the role of P. harmala in inhibition of biofilm formation in C. albicans. METHODS: So, 27 C. albicans collected from women with Vaginitis, then subjected for biofilm formation assay. P. harmala was applied as antibiofilm formation in C. albicans. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that P. harmala in concentration of 12 mug/ml easily inhibited strong biofilm formation; while the concentrations of 10 and 6 mug/ml inhibited biofilm formation in moderate and weak biofilm formation C. albicans strains, respectively. CONCLUSION: Hence, the current study presented P. harmala as antibiofilm herbal medicine for C. albicans; but in vivo study suggested to be performed to confirm its effectiveness