Participação do paciente na adesão à higiene das mãos pelos profissionais de saúde: revisão integrativa

Background and objectives: Healthcare-associated Infections are a global health concern. Although the best strategy for its prevention is hand hygiene (HH), there is still low compliance by health professionals in the execution of the correct technique. In order to improve compliance with HH, the World Health Organization (WHO) implemented the multimodal strategy, which emphasizes patient participation in health services, in order to encourage professionals to wash their hands. With this, we sought to verify the impact of the implementation of educational strategies with patient involvement and participation in compliance with hand hygiene by health professionals. Methods: An integrative literature review in the CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus and WOS databases. Results: The present sample comprised eight international studies that empowered patient participation with intervention strategies on HH and studies in which patients provided feedback on compliance assessment, which reflected in greater compliance with HH by health professionals. Conclusion: Educational interventions with patient participation and involvement proved to be effective for health professionals to comply with HH, especially when all components of the multimodal strategy were adequately addressed.Justificación y objetivos: Las infecciones relacionadas con la asistencia sanitaria son un problema de salud mundial. Aunque la mejor estrategia para su prevención es la higiene de manos (HM), aún existe una baja adherencia por parte de los profesionales sanitarios en la ejecución de la técnica correcta. Para mejorar la adherencia a la HM, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) implementó la estrategia multimodal, que enfatiza la participación del paciente en los servicios de salud, con el fin de incentivar a los profesionales a lavarse las manos. Con esto, buscamos verificar el impacto de la implementación de estrategias educativas con la implicación y participación del paciente en la adherencia a la higiene de manos por parte de los profesionales sanitarios. Métodos: Revisión integradora de la literatura en las bases de datos CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus y WOS. Resultados: La presente muestra estuvo conformada por ocho estudios internacionales que empoderaron la participación del paciente con estrategias de intervención en HM y estudios en los que el paciente brindó retroalimentación sobre la evaluación de la adherencia, lo que se reflejó en una mayor adherencia a la HM por parte de los profesionales de salud. Conclusión: Las intervenciones educativas con participación e involucramiento del paciente demostraron ser efectivas para que los profesionales de la salud se adhieran a la HM, especialmente cuando todos los componentes de la estrategia multimodal se abordaron adecuadamente.Justificativa e objetivos: As infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde são um problema de saúde mundial. Embora a melhor estratégia para sua prevenção seja a higiene das mãos (HM), nota-se ainda baixa adesão dos profissionais de saúde na execução da técnica correta. Com o propósito de melhorar a adesão a HM, a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) implementou a estratégia multimodal, que ressalta a participação do paciente nos serviços de saúde, a fim de incentivarem os profissionais a higienizar as mãos. Com isso, buscamos verificar o impacto da implementação de estratégias educativas com o envolvimento e participação do paciente na adesão à higienize das mãos por profissionais de saúde. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus e WOS. Resultados: Compuseram a presente amostra oito estudos internacionais, que empoderaram a participação do paciente com estratégias de intervenção sobre HM e estudos no qual o paciente foi provedor de feedback de avaliação da adesão, o que refletiu em maior adesão à HM pelos profissionais de saúde. Conclusão: Intervenções educativas com a participação e envolvimento do paciente se mostraram eficazes para adesão à HM pelos profissionais de saúde, em especial, quando todos os componentes da estratégia multimodal foram adequadamente contemplados

Hand hygiene compliance in a Brazilian COVID-19 unit: the impact of moments and contact precautions

Abstract Background Healthcare-associated infections are among the most common complications during hospitalization. These infections increase morbidity and mortality and they increase length of hospital stay and the cost of healthcare. The aims of our study were to monitor hand hygiene (HH) compliance, HH technique quality and factors related to HH practice among health professionals in a COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods An observational, prospective study. Between September and December 2021, we observed 69 healthcare professionals in an eight-bed ICU for patients with COVID-19 in midwestern Brazil. We used the WHO observation form to collect data. The dependent variable was HH compliance and independent variables were professional category, sex, HH quality (3-step technique for at least 15 s), number of HH opportunities observed, observation shift and inappropriate glove use. Results We observed 1185 HH opportunities. The overall compliance rate was 26.4%, but only 6.5% were performed with the correct 3-step technique for the minimum time. HH compliance was considerably lower for moments “before” tasks (6.7%; 95% CI 4.8%, 9.2%) compared with moments “after” tasks (43.8%; 95% CI 39.9%, 47.8%). The logistic model found that inappropriate glove use, night shift and physicians (p < 0.001) were associated with low HH compliance. The infrastructure analysis found that the unit had an insufficient number of alcohol-based handrub (ABHR) dispensers at the point of care and that the mechanism for activating them was poorly designed. Conclusions HH compliance was very low. Inappropriate glove use was associated with low compliance and the unit’s infrastructure did not support good HH practice. The fact that healthcare professionals were more likely to do HH after tasks, suggests that they use HH to protect themselves rather than the patients. Adequate infrastructure and ongoing health education with a focus on HH while caring for patients in contact precautions are essential for improving HH compliance and patient safety

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora