Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Níveis de fertirrigação nas características morfofisiológicas de mudas de rúcula

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito da fertirrigação com a formulação 04-14-08 de NPK, nas características morfofisiológicas de mudas de rúcula (Euruca sativa Miller). O experimento foi conduzido na Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), utilizando-se o fertilizante líquido da marca Murer®. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, com seis doses do fertilizante líquido (0, 1,25; 2,5; 5,0; 10,0 e 20,0 mL L-1) diluído na água de irrigação, com quatro repetições, sendo avaliadas 10 plantas por parcela. Realizou-se uma única fertirrigação, aos 15 dias após a germinação (15 DAG). Foram determinadas características morfofisiológicas das plantas. Concluiu-se que a maior dose do fertilizante na água de irrigação proporcionou os maiores valores de comprimento da parte aérea, massa fresca e massa seca da parte aérea das plantas de rúcula

Influence of nitrogen, potassium and phosphate fertilizers on quality and longevity of gladiolus

The gladiolus is one of the most cut flowers produced and marketed in Brazil and worldwide. This work was conducted with the objective to evaluate the use of nitrogen and potassium fertilization associated with different sources and levels of phosphorus in the quality and durability in postharvest gladiolus (Gladiolus hortulanus L. cv. T704 ) cultured in oxisoil. It was used the experimental design randomized blocks and the treatments were arranged in sub-subplots. The plots were allocated the presence or absence of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (NK ), subplots sources of phosphorus (triple superphosphate, superphosphate and bone meal) and the sub-subplot the five P rates (0 , 75 , 150 , 225 and 300 kg ha-1) fertilizers studied . Plants were evaluated on the number of flower buds, number of colored buttons, and number of open flowers, leaf quality, and flower quality, quality of the stem, plant height, and length of floral spike, diameter and durability flower. Regardless of treatments and combinations studied, the leaves produced were classified as optimal. The combined action of the three factors studied (p < 0.05) was observed only on the diameter and durability of flowers. It was concluded that NK fertilization is crucial and that the dosages used in this study were sufficient to obtain class I quality gladiolus. The use of triple superphosphate is more efficient when the goal of flowers and durability, the superphosphate, when objective quality of the stems. Phosphorus levels between 150 and 160 kg ha-1 are sufficient to obtain durability and quality of the flowers and stems of this cultivar

Efeito de diferentes níveis de fertirrigação nas características morfofisiológicas de espinafre =Effect of different levels of fertilization by irrigation on morphophysiological characteristics of spinach

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito da fertirrigação nas características morfofisiológicas de mudas de espinafre (Tetragonia tetragonoides). O experimento foi conduzido na Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, utilizando-se o fertilizante líquido damarca Murer®. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, com seis doses do fertilizante líquido na água de irrigação (0, 1,25; 2,5; 5,0; 10,0 e 20,0 mL L-1) e quatro repetições. Realizaram-se duas fertirrigações, aos oito e 22 dias após a germinação (DAG). Foram determinadas características morfofisiológicas das plantas. Concluiu-se que as fertirrigações proporcionaram maior número de folhas e maiores valores de comprimento, massa fresca e massa seca da parte aérea das plantas, área foliar e massa seca de raízes nas mudas de espinafre. A dose de 20,0 mL L-1 propiciou resultados estatisticamente diferentes da doserecomendada pelo fabricante (5,0 mL L-1) aumentando o número de folhas, comprimento da parte aérea, peso fresco da parte aérea e área foliar.The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of fertilization on morpho-physiological characteristics of spinach seedlings (Tetragonia tetragonoides). The experiment was carried out at the Agrarian Science Faculty of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), and used Murer® liquid fertilizer. The experimental design wasrandomized blocks, with six doses of liquid fertilizer in water for irrigation (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 mL L-1) and four replications. Two fertilizations per irrigation were done, at 8 and 22days after germination (DAG). Morpho-physiological characteristics were determined. It was concluded that fertilizations by irrigation promoted a greater number of leaves and greater values of length, fresh and dried mass of aerial parts of plants, leaf area and dried mass of roots for spinach seedlings. The 20.0 mL L-1 dose resulted in statistically different results from those recommended by the manufacturer (5.0 mL L-1), increasing the number of leaves, aerial part length, aerial part fresh weight and leaf area

Efeito de diferentes níveis de fertirrigação nas características morfofsiológicas de mudas de chicória

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito da fertirrigação com a formulação 04-14-08 (NPK), nas características morfofsiológicas de mudas de chicória (Cicho-rium endivia L.). O experimento foi conduzido na Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), utilizando-se o fertilizante líquido da marca Murer®. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, com 6 doses do fertilizante líquido (0; 1,25; 2,5; 5,0; 10,0 e 20,0 ml L-1) na água de irrigação, com quatro repetições, avaliando-se 10 mudas por parcela. Realizou-se apenas uma fertirrigação, aos 15 dias após a emergência (DAE). Foram determinadas características morfofsiológicas das plantas. Concluiu-se que as  fertirrigações proporcionaram maiores valores de área foliar, massa fresca da parte aérea, massa seca da parte aérea, quando comparadas com as plantas que não foram submetidas a fertirrigação. A dose estimada de 14,8 ml L-1 do fertilizante líquido proporcionou maiores valores de massa fresca e massa seca da parte aérea das mudas de chicória

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2011: volume 3: tecnologias da informação e comunicação e material pedagógico

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora