Targeting the delivery of dietary plant bioactives to those who would benefit most : from science to practical applications

Open access via Springer Compact Agreement Acknowledgements This article is based upon work from COST Action FA1403 POSITIVe (Interindividual variation in response to consumption of plant food bioactives and determinants involved) supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology; www.cost.eu). BdR is funded by the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services (RESAS) division. Funding COST Action FA1403-European Cooperation in Science and Technology (www.cost.eu).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Perfluoroalkyl substances in circum-ArcticRangifer: caribou and reindeer

Livers of caribou and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) from Canada (n = 146), Greenland (n = 30), Svalbard (n = 7), and Sweden (n = 60) were analyzed for concentrations of eight perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and four perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids. In Canadian caribou, PFNA (range < 0.01–7.4 ng/g wet weight, ww) and PFUnDA (<0.01–5.6 ng/g ww) dominated, whereas PFOS predominated in samples from South Greenland, Svalbard, and Sweden, although the highest concentrations were found in caribou from Southwest Greenland (up to 28 ng/g ww). We found the highest median concentrations of all PFAS except PFHxS in Akia-Maniitsoq caribou (Southwest Greenland, PFOS 7.2–19 ng/g ww, median 15 ng/g ww). The highest concentrations of ΣPFAS were also found in Akia-Maniitoq caribou (101 ng/g ww) followed by the nearby Kangerlussuaq caribou (45 ng/g ww), where the largest airport in Greenland is situated, along with a former military base. Decreasing trends in concentrations were seen for PFOS in the one Canadian and three Swedish populations. Furthermore, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, and PFTrDA showed decreasing trends in Canada’s Porcupine caribou between 2005 and 2016. In Sweden, PFHxS increased in the reindeer from Norrbotten between 2003 and 2011. The reindeer from Västerbotten had higher concentrations of PFNA and lower concentrations of PFHxS in 2010 compared to 2002. Finally, we observed higher concentrations in 2010 compared to 2002 (albeit statistically insignificant) for PFHxS in Jämtland, while PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, and PFTrDA showed no difference at all.publishedVersio

Geoarqueología dialéctica en la Bahía de Cádiz

La Geoarqueolog&iacute;a Dial&eacute;ctica, en este caso aplicada a la Bah&iacute;a de C&aacute;diz, tiene por objeto la investigaci&oacute;n interdisciplinar del impacto ambiental analizado a tenor del proceso hist&oacute;rico. Las cartograf&iacute;as referentes a los cambios ocurridos en la fisonom&iacute;a costera de la bah&iacute;a durante el Holoceno, pertenecientes a cuatro momentos hist&oacute;ricos (6500/3000/2000/1000 BP), sirven de base en esta monograf&iacute;a para darle un marco ilustrativo a las incidencias antr&oacute;picas que han venido coadyuvando a la transformaci&oacute;n de sucesivos paisajes gaditanos, hasta llegar al que actualmente conocemos

A first map for the River Guadalquivir at 6500 years BP

Se presenta la primicia cartográfica de un mapa costero del golfo, estuario y desemboca-dura del río Guadalquivir hacia el óptimo climático de la Transgresión Flandriense (c 6500 BP). Para su elaboración los autores han desarrollado en una colaboración interdisciplinar de más de veinte años el método y técnicas de observación adecuadas para la consecución de los datos necesarios. Se ofrece el mapa del río Guadalquivir referente a los tiempos de la transición histórica entre el Neolítico y Calcolítico como una contribución al avance del conocimiento de la prehistoria en el ámbito atlánti-co-mediterráneo de la Península Ibérica.For the first time a map of the gulf, estuary and mouth of the Guadalquivir River is presented for the period about 6500 years before present (Flandrian Transgression). In the course of twenty years of interdisciplinary work the authors had to develop the method and appropriate techniques to achieve the necessary information. The map of the Guadalquivir at the time of the Neolithic-Chalcolithic transition should contribute to a better understanding of prehistory of the Atlantic-Mediterranean area of the Iberian Peninsula

The geoarchaeological project “Port of Italica”

Mediante la aplicación de nuevos métodos y técnicas de observación se presentan los resultados de una investigación interdisciplinar que permite delimitar la línea de costa del paleoestuario del río Guadalquivir (hace unos 6500 años). Entre otras primicias científicas se constata la existencia de un lacus por delante del frente de Santiponce, que conectaba con el mar abierto a través de una amplia y profunda ría. Este paisaje paleoestuarino contaba en la orilla acantilada del Aljarafe con una potencia de agua suficiente todavía en época romana para arribar a Itálica por navegación, lo que explica la estratégica ubicación de la ensenada portuaria ocupada por P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus maior después de la batalla de Ilipa (206 a.C.).With the application of new methods and techniques and in an interdisciplinary cooperation, the authors could reconstruct the ancient coastline in the paleo estuary of the river Guadalquivir (around 6500 years before present). Among other results, the existence of a big lake off the town of Santiponce could be proven, which in the course of the river had a wide and deep connection to the open sea. In the area of the cliff near Aljarafe, the water depth in Roman times was sufficient for seagoing vessels to reach Italica. This explains the strategic importance of the access to the port, which was occupied by P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus Maior after the battle of Ilipa (206 BC)

El Proyecto geoarqueológico "Puerto de Itálica"

With the application of new methods and techniques and in an interdisciplinary cooperation, the authors could reconstruct the ancient coastline&nbsp; in the paleoestuary of the river Guadalquivir (around 6500 years before present). Among other results, the existence of a big lake off the town of Santiponce could be proven, which in the course of the river had a wide and deep connection to the open sea. In the area of the cliff near Aljarafe, the water depth in Roman times was sufficient for seagoing vessels to reach Italica. This explains the strategic importance of the access to the port, which was occupied by P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus Maior after the battle of Ilipa (206 BC).Mediante la aplicación de nuevos métodos y técnicas de observación se presentan los resultados de una investigación interdisciplinar que permite delimitar la línea de costa del paleoestuario del río Guadalquivir (hace unos 6500 años). Entre otras primicias científicas se constata la existencia de un lacus&nbsp;por delante del frente de Santiponce, que conectaba con el mar abierto a través de una amplia y profunda ría. Este paisaje paleoestuarino contaba en la orilla acantilada del Aljarafe con una potencia de agua suficiente todavía en época romana para arribar a Itálica por navegación, lo que explica la estratégica ubicación de la ensenada portuaria ocupada por P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus maior después de la batalla de Ilipa (206 a.C.). &nbsp

Primicia cartográfica del río Guadalquivir hace 6500 años

For the first time a map of the gulf, estuary and mouth of the Guadalquivir River is presented&nbsp;for the period about 6500 years before present (Flandrian Transgression). In the course of twenty&nbsp;years of interdisciplinary work the authors had to develop&nbsp;the method and appropriate techniques&nbsp;to&nbsp;achieve the necessary information. The map of the Guadalquivir at the time of the&nbsp;Neolithic-Chalcolithic transition&nbsp;should contribute to a better understanding of prehistory of the Atlantic-Mediterranean area of the&nbsp;Iberian Peninsula.Se presenta la primicia cartográfica de un mapa costero del golfo, estuario y desembocadura del río Guadalquivir hacia el óptimo climático de la Transgresión Flandriense (c 6500 BP). Para su elaboración los autores han desarrollado en una colaboración interdisciplinar de más de veinte años el método y técnicas de observación adecuadas para la consecución de los datos necesarios. Se ofrece el mapa del río Guadalquivir referente a los tiempos de la transición histórica entre el Neolítico y Calcolítico como una contribución al avance del conocimiento de la prehistoria en el ámbito atlántico-mediterráneo de la Península Ibérica. &nbsp

Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS) – validity and responsiveness in total hip replacement

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate if physical functions usually associated with a younger population were of importance for an older population, and to construct an outcome measure for hip osteoarthritis with improved responsiveness compared to the Western Ontario McMaster osteoarthritis score (WOMAC LK 3.0). METHODS: A 40 item questionnaire (hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score, HOOS) was constructed to assess patient-relevant outcomes in five separate subscales (pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreation function and hip related quality of life). The HOOS contains all WOMAC LK 3.0 questions in unchanged form. The HOOS was distributed to 90 patients with primary hip osteoarthritis (mean age 71.5, range 49–85, 41 females) assigned for total hip replacement for osteoarthritis preoperatively and at six months follow-up. RESULTS: The HOOS met set criteria of validity and responsiveness. It was more responsive than WOMAC regarding the subscales pain (SRM 2.11 vs. 1.83) and other symptoms (SRM 1.83 vs. 1.28). The responsiveness (SRM) for the two added subscales sport and recreation and quality of life were 1.29 and 1.65, respectively. Patients ≤ 66 years of age (range 49–66) reported higher responsiveness in all five subscales than patients >66 years of age (range 67–85) (Pain SRM 2.60 vs. 1.97, other symptoms SRM 3.0 vs. 1.60, activity of daily living SRM 2.51 vs. 1.52, sport and recreation function SRM 1.53 vs. 1.21 and hip related quality of life SRM 1.95 vs. 1.57). CONCLUSION: The HOOS 2.0 appears to be useful for the evaluation of patient-relevant outcome after THR and is more responsive than the WOMAC LK 3.0. The added subscales sport and recreation function and hip related quality of life were highly responsive for this group of patients, with the responsiveness being highest for those younger than 66

Review Article Socio-economic determinants of micronutrient intake and status in Europe: a systematic review

Objective To provide the evidence base for targeted nutrition policies to reduce the risk of micronutrient/diet-related diseases among disadvantaged populations in Europe, by focusing on: folate, vitamin B-12, Fe, Zn and iodine for intake and status; and vitamin C, vitamin D, Ca, Se and Cu for intake. Design MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched to collect original studies that: (i) were published from 1990 to 2011; (ii) involved gt 100 subjects; (iii) had assessed dietary intake at the individual level; and/or (iv) included best practice biomarkers reflecting micronutrient status. We estimated relative differences in mean micronutrient intake and/or status between the lowest and highest socio-economic groups to: (i) evaluate variation in intake and status between socio-economic groups; and (ii) report on data availability. Setting Europe. Subjects Children, adults and elderly. Results Data from eighteen publications originating primarily from Western Europe showed that there is a positive association between indicators of socio-economic status and micronutrient intake and/or status. The largest differences were observed for intake of vitamin C in eleven out of twelve studies (5-47 %) and for vitamin D in total of four studies (4-31 %). Conclusions The positive association observed between micronutrient intake and socio-economic status should complement existing evidence on socio-economic inequalities in diet-related diseases among disadvantaged populations in Europe. These findings could provide clues for further research and have implications for public health policy aimed at improving the intake of micronutrients and diet-related diseases