1,343 research outputs found

    Joint contact loading in forefoot and rearfoot strike patterns during running

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    Research concerning forefoot strike pattern (FFS) versus rearfoot strike pattern (RFS) during running has focused on the ground reaction force. The main purpose of this study was to determine the internal loading of the joints for each strike pattern. A secondary purpose was to determine if a converted runner can adequately represent the habitual population for both FFS and RFS. Using inverse dynamics to calculate the net joint moments and reaction forces, and optimization techniques to estimate muscle forces we determined the axial compressive load and rate of loading at the ankle, knee, and hip. Effect sizes (ES) were used to categorize comparisons into small (ES\u3e0.2), medium (ES\u3e0.5) and large (ES\u3e0.8) effects. Subjects consisted of 15 habitual FFS and 15 habitual RFS competitive runners. Each subject ran with their habitual strike pattern and then converted to the opposite strike pattern. Converting to a FFS pattern had the opposite effect of converting to a RFS pattern at the knee and hip. Converted FFS runners had decreased knee (ES=0.98) and hip (ES=1.23) contact forces while converted RFS runners had increased knee (ES=0.77) and hip (ES=0.71) contact forces. Habitual FFS runners had higher contact forces at the ankle (ES=0.51) and hip (ES=0.81) compared to habitual RFS runners. The habitual FFS runners also demonstrated a substantially larger compressive load at the ankle and knee during the first 40% of stance. This could be important when considering the high number of cyclical loads experienced by these runners

    Wisdom Management: Tensions Between Theory And Practice In Practice

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    Because modern managerial discourse emerges from a dominant discourse characterised by neo-liberalism and rational managerialism, there is little place for wisdom in its theory and practice. A rare instance of management seeking to retain wisdom is a Canadian Public Service document, The Getting and Keeping of Wisdom. This document is (computer-assisted) text-analysed to determine the extent to which it meets nine criteria of wisdom derived from Aristotelian philosophy and recent psychological studies. Although the document soundly applies empirically-based psychological theory, there is a tension this and the values and assumptions privileged in the dominant discourse. Thus the capacity for wise management is inhibited to the extent that it attempts to work within the dominant managerialist discourse. Just as knowledge management is limited by a limited theory of knowledge, it is likely that wisdom management will be weakened by a lack of knowledge about wisdom

    The Zone of Entanglement: Change, Non-Change and the New Managerial Ideology of Ephemera

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    We argue that change management has become ideological and that by selective use of complexity research has used the imperative for change to further political and economic agendas. We seek to redress this situation by developing a critical perspective on change and a new metaphor, the zone of entanglement, to assist critical analysis of change. Central to our argument is that a dynamic of change is non-change. In this vein, we show that there are deep, robust and persistent structures that dampen change and which, if recognized, may help in achieving organic change, resulting in positive social transformations

    Toward a pedagogy for professional noticing: Learning through observation

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    A necessary skill that underpins all professional practice is noticing that which is salient. Noticing can be learned directly and indirectly through a variety of campus-based and placement activities. This paper suggests that developing a capacity for noticing is under conceptualised and underdeveloped in courses preparing students for the professions. It discusses three aspects of noticing: noticing in context, noticing of significance and noticing learning, and explores the use of these through a case study of simulation in nursing education. The case study points to the importance of close attention to the circumstances in which noticing can be fostered and, in doing so, points toward the potential of developing a pedagogy of professional noticing

    In Bed with Technology? Peril, Promise, and Prudence

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    Are we in bed with seductive information technologies? And what have we begat? This panel, delivered at AMCIS in Auckland on 8 December 2014, resulted in thought-provoking dialog that generated critical reflection on several themes linking technology and practical wisdom that aligned with the conference theme “Integral IS: The Embedding of Information Systems in Business, Government and Society”. The panel found common ground, although each author began from a different starting position. The common ground was that neither utopian nor dystopian stances on the value of technology achieve much practical value. Instead, perennial universal insights of wisdom viewed in a contemporary, practical, and scientific context may provide a path in technology research, design, management, and use. We believe the topics addressed during the panel session, which we summarize in this paper, are vital and relevant to the information systems field as a whole. The panel’s deliberations hold importance for academics and practitioners alike and have implications that extend to individuals, organizations, and society at large
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