Redescripción de la pupa de Mallochohelea termophila (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Se describe, fotografía e ilustra la exuvia pupal de Mallochohelea termophila (Spinelli), en especial sobre la base de la serie-tipo. Las pupas de la serie-tipo fueron recolectadas mediante pinzas en un arroyo termal, adheridas a rocas, aproximadamente a 200 m del manatial y las pupas de Uruguay mediante el uso de un cucharón tanto en ambientes lóticos como lénticos. Ellas fueron criadas hasta adultos en el laboratorio. Ésta es la primera descripción detallada de una pupa de una especie de Mallochohelea y el primer registro de la especie para Uruguay. Se destacan semejanzas y diferencias con las pupas de Neobezzia.The pupal exuvia of Mallochohelea termophila (Spinelli) is redescribed, photographed and illustrated mainly based on the type-series. Pupae of the type-series were collected with forceps from a thermal stream and were attached to rocks about 200 m from the spring head. Pupae from Uruguay were collected with a dipper in lotic and lentic environments. They were reared to adults in the laboratory. This is the first detailed pupal description of a species of Mallochohelea, and the first record of this species from Uruguay. Similarities and differences with the pupae of Neobezzia are provided.Fil: Ronderos, Maria Marcela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Spinelli, Gustavo Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; Argentin

Investigating Body Dissatisfaction, Obesity, & Eating Pathology: African American Adolescent Girls & Mothers

Body dissatisfaction is a globally prevalent issue among adolescents, particularly for those living in industrialized societies (Griffith et al., 2017). Body dissatisfaction is considered a central component of obesity intervention (Huh et at., 2011; Mitola et al., 2007) and eating disorder etiology (Kelly et al., 2005; Saunders & Frazier, 2016). It predominantly effects females and is commonly found among those with eating disorders and those who struggle with obesity or have higher BMI (Kelly et al., 2005; Saunders & Frazier, 2016). However this is contradicted in African American females, the majority of research has found low levels of body dissatisfaction, high rates of obesity, and low levels of eating pathology in this understudied population(Cotter et al. 2015; Epperson et al., 2013; Grabe & Hyde, 2006). Additionally, very little research has investigated the relation of these variables between mothers and daughters in the U.S. (Moiza et al., 2015). In the present study it was found that there is a higher prevalence of dissatisfaction among African American girls than previously thought. Consistent with previous research, high rates of obesity and relatively low prevalence of eating pathology symptoms were found among African American mothers and daughters. It was also found that both adolescents and mothers inaccurately report their adolescents current body size with a tendency to underestimate. Finally, it was also found that mother’s satisfaction moderated dissatisfaction in adolescent girls who were satisfied or dissatisfied wanting to be smaller

Study of the immature stages of two species of the biting midge genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Pupa of Culicoides insignis Lutz, 1913, and larva and pupa of Culicoides bambusicola Lutz, 1913 are fully described. They are illustrated and photographed using binocular microscope, phase-contrast stereoscope at oil immersion and scanning electronic microscopy, from material collected in Corrientes and Misiones provinces, Argentina. Palatum, maxilla and hypopharynx of the fourth instar larva of C. bambusicola as well as the cephalothoracic sensilla and sensillar pattern of the fi rst and fourth abdominal segment of the pupa are described for both species. The immatures of C. bambusicola are compared with Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz, 1913. Pupa of C. insignis is compared with the following related congeners: C. maruim Lutz, 1913, C. charruus Spinelli & Martinez, 1992, and C. annetae Spinelli & Borkent, 2004.Fil: Marino, Pablo Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Cazorla, Carla Gisela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; ArgentinaFil: Ronderos, Maria Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentin

Contribution of Lianas to Plant Area Index and Canopy Structure in a Panamanian Forest

Lianas are an important component of tropical forests, where they reduce tree growth, fecundity and survival. Competition for light among plants may be intense; however the amount of light that lianas intercept is poorly understood. We used a large-scale liana removal experiment to quantify light interception by lianas in a Panamanian secondary forest. We measured the change in plant area index (PAI) and forest structure six weeks after cutting lianas in eight 80x80 m plots and in eight control plots, and then annually for four years. We used ground-based LiDAR to measure the 3-dimensional canopy structure before cutting lianas and annually for two years afterwards. Six weeks after cutting lianas, mean plot PAI was 20% higher in control versus liana removal plots. One year after cutting lianas, mean plot PAI was ~17% higher in control plots. The differences among treatments diminished significantly two years after liana cutting and, after four years, trees had fully compensated for the removal of lianas. Ground-based LiDAR revealed that lianas were distributed in the upper and middle parts of the canopy, and not just the upper canopy as previously suspected. Therefore, lianas attenuated ~20% of the light in the upper- and mid-canopy of the forest

The biting and predaceous midges of Guadeloupe (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). I. Species of the subfamily Ceratopogoninae

We provide new records of biting and predaceous midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Guadeloupe in the subfamily Ceratopogoninae, including descriptions and illustrations of three new predaceous species in the genera, Parabezzia Malloch, Stilobezzia Kieffer and Palpomyia Meigen, respectively, and the first records of the New World predaceous genus, Amerohelea Grogan and Wirth, from the Caribbean region. We also provide the first Guadeloupe records of the biting midges, Culicoides (Anilomyia) decor (Williston), C. (Avaritia) pusillus Lutz, C. (Drymodesmyia) bredini Wirth and Blanton, C. (D.) poikilonotus Macfie, C. (Haematomyidium) hoffmani Fox, C. (Hoffmania) insignis Lutz, C. rangeli Ortiz and Mirsa and C. trilineatus Fox, and the predaceous midges, Brachypogon (Brachypogon) bifidus Spinelli and Grogan, B. (B.) telesfordi Spinelli and Grogan, B. (B.) woodruffi Spinelli and Grogan, Monohelea maya Felippe-Bauer, Huerta and Ibáñez-Bernal, Stilobezzia (Stilobezzia) diminuta Lane and Forattini, S. (S.) thomsenae Wirth, Amerohelea galindoi Grogan and Wirth, Bezzia (Bezzia) flinti Spinelli and Wirth, B. (Homobezzia) venustula (Williston) and Palpomyia insularis Spinelli and Grogan

Análisis de la cooperación bilateral entre el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) y el Estado colombiano en la consecución de los Objetivos del desarrollo del Milenio (2000 – 2014)

Con la Declaración del Milenio en la cual los Estados miembros de la ONU se comprometieron a trabajar por el cumplimiento de Los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio, los Objetivos se convierten en la principal agenda del desarrollo en la cual la superación dela pobreza en todas sus dimensiones es el centro de la agenda. En este sentido, tanto el gobierno Colombiano como el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo han construido planes de acción con compromisos y responsabilidades de las partes cooperantes para la consecución de las metas establecidas para el primer ODM. Es así que el propósito de la presente investigación es responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿Qué factores inciden en los resultados de la cooperación entre una organización internacional y un Estado? a través del estudio de caso de la cooperación internacional entre el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) y el Estado colombiano en la consecución del primer Objetivo del Milenio: eliminar la pobreza extrema y el hambre. La hipótesis de la investigación inicial era que los resultados obtenidos de la cooperación entre el PNUD y el Estado colombiano en cuanto a la consecución del primer Objetivo del Milenio respondían principalmente a los siguientes factores: a) la apropiación de los Objetivos por parte del Estado colombiano; b) los programas que desarrolla el PNUD dentro del territorio colombiano y c) la descoordinación de políticas entre las entidades territoriales de Colombia y el Estado. Sin embargo, al concluir la investigación se determinó que la descoordinación de políticas entre las entidades no es un factor principal. Por el contrario la condición de desigualdad en Colombia si se presenta como el tercer factor que incidió en los resultados

Contribution of Lianas to Plant Area Index and Canopy Structure in A Panamanian Forest

Lianas are an important component of tropical forests, where they reduce tree growth, fecundity, and survival. Competition for light from lianas may be intense; however, the amount of light that lianas intercept is poorly understood. We used a large-scale liana-removal experiment to quantify light interception by lianas in a Panamanian secondary forest. We measured the change in plant area index (PAI) and forest structure before and after cutting lianas (for 4 yr) in eight 80 m × 80 m plots and eight control plots (16 plots total). We used ground-based LiDAR to measure the 3-dimensional canopy structure before cutting lianas, and then annually for 2 yr afterwards. Six weeks after cutting lianas, mean plot PAI was 20% higher in control vs. liana removal plots. One yr after cutting lianas, mean plot PAI was ~17% higher in control plots. The differences between treatments diminished significantly 2 yr after liana cutting and, after 4 yr, trees had fully compensated for liana removal. Ground-based LiDAR revealed that lianas attenuated light in the upper- and middle-forest canopy layers, and not only in the upper canopy as was previously suspected. Thus, lianas compete with trees by intercepting light in the upper- and mid-canopy of this forest