The effect of the essential oil of rosemary and lemon on memory ability in eighth graders

The significance of the effect of the aromatic fragrances of rosemary and lemon on memory was investigated. One hundred and four eighth grade students participated in the study. Students were randomly assigned to encoding groups of 30-35 for exposure to an aromatic fragrance condition. A 30-item word list was visually presented during exposure to the aromatic fragrance from water or the essential oil of rosemary or lemon. After a 1-½ hour delay, students were reassigned groups and asked to recall, directly and indirectly, the previously presented words while exposed to one of the three conditions. A test of direct recall asked the student to write as many previously presented words as possible. The indirect recall test consisted of 20 word fragments of words from the previous list and 20 additional filler words. Test order was randomly alternated. A 3 x 3 factorial analysis of variance was run to determine any level of significance. Findings indicated an interaction by order of test taken for direct recall. Students who took the direct recall test prior to the word fragment test did significantly better than those who took the word fragment test first. Also, those students exposed to lemon at encoding showed a higher average number of correct responses on the direct recall test. These findings suggest a positive link for children\u27s memory ability to the aromatic fragrance of lemon. It may be plausible for lemon to facilitate young students in the learning and recall of information

Classification of Stabilometric Time-Series Using an Adaptive Fuzzy Inference Neural Network System

Stabilometry is a branch of medicine that studies balance-related human functions. The analysis of stabilometric-generated time series can be very useful to the diagnosis and treatment balance-related dysfunctions such as dizziness. In stabilometry, the key nuggets of information in a time series signal are concentrated within definite time periods known as events. In this study, a feature extraction scheme has been developed to identify and characterise the events. The proposed scheme utilises a statistical method that goes through the whole time series from the start to the end, looking for the conditions that define events, according to the experts¿ criteria. Based on these extracted features, an Adaptive Fuzzy Inference Neural Network (AFINN) has been applied for the classification of stabilometric signals. The experimental results validated the proposed methodology

Orientation dependence of the elastic instability on strained SiGe films

At low strain, SiGe films on Si substrates undergo a continuous nucleationless morphological evolution known as the Asaro-Tiller-Grinfeld instability. We demonstrate experimentally that this instability develops on Si(001) but not on Si(111) even after long annealing. Using a continuum description of this instability, we determine the origin of this difference. When modeling surface diffusion in presence of wetting, elasticity and surface energy anisotropy, we find a retardation of the instability on Si(111) due to a strong dependence of the instability onset as function of the surface stiffness. This retardation is at the origin of the inhibition of the instability on experimental time scales even after long annealing.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figure

A Model for Hospital Discharge Preparation: From Case Management to Care Transition

There has been a proliferation of initiatives to improve discharge processes and outcomes for the transition from hospital to home and community-based care. Operationalization of these processes has varied widely as hospitals have customized discharge care into innovative roles and functions. This article presents a model for conceptualizing the components of hospital discharge preparation to ensure attention to the full range of processes needed for a comprehensive strategy for hospital discharge

Inflammation and enhanced nociceptive responses to bladder distension produced by intravesical zymosan in the rat

BACKGROUND: Mycotic infections of the bladder produce pain and inflammatory changes. The present study examined the inflammatory and nociceptive effects of the yeast cell wall component, zymosan, when admininstered into the urinary bladder in order to characterize this form of bladder sensitization. METHODS: Parametric analyses of the time-course (0–48 hr) and concentration (0–2% solutions) variables associated with intravesical zymosan-induced bladder inflammation were performed in female rats. Plasma extravasation of Evan's Blue dye was used as a measure of tissue inflammation. Cardiovascular and visceromotor responses to urinary bladder distension were used as measures of nociception. RESULTS: Zymosan-induced bladder inflammation, as indexed by plasma extravasation of Evan's Blue, was significantly greater in rats treated with either 1 or 2% solutions as compared to either 0.1 or 0.5% zymosan solutions. In time-course studies (1 – 48 hr post-treatment), 1% zymosan-induced inflammation progressively increased with time following administration, was greatest at 24 hr and began to normalize by 48 hr. In the studies of inflammation-induced changes in nociception, arterial blood pressure (ABP) and visceromotor responses to graded distension of the urinary bladder were significantly increased relative to controls 24 hr after zymosan administration. CONCLUSION: These studies provide important time-course and solution concentration parameters for studies of zymosan-induced inflammation of the bladder and suggest utility of this model for the study of bladder-related pain

Valoración clínico-radiológica de la articulación femoropatelar en prótesis que conservan los ligamentos cruzados

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 104 pacientes con 116 prótesis tricompartimentales de rodilla que conservan los dos ligamentos cruzados. Se analizó la situación radiológica de la rótula, su relación con el implante protésico y los efectos de estos factores sobre la movilidad de la rodilla. Se realizaron proyecciones radiográficas AP, lateral y axial a 30° y se obtuvieron las siguientes variables: espesor residual rotuliano, posición del componente metálico respecto a la rótula, ángulo de Laurin, y grado de subluxación rotuliana. Se comparó la relación existente entre las diferentes variables, y éstas con respecto a los grados de flexión. Un 52,2% de las patelas presentaban una alineación central. Se obtuvo una relación significativa entre el ángulo de inclinación y el grado de subluxación patelar, sin embargo las variables a estudio no han presentado influencia en el grado de movilidad protésica, dentro de los rangos expuestos.A retrospective study was performed in 104 patients with 116 tricompartimental non-constrained knee prostheses. The radiological possition of the patella, its relationwith the prosthetic implant and the effect of these factors in the final range of movement of the knee were analyzed. AP, lateral and 30° axial radiological views were taken and the following variables were studied: residual patellar thickness, position of the metallic component with respect to the patella, Laurin''s angle and subluxation of the patella.The relation between these findings and also respect to postoperative maximum flexion were investigated. Overall, 52% of the patella tracked centrally. A statystical significant relation between the inclination angle and the patellar subluxation degree was obtained. However, within the exposed ranges, the studied variables have not demonstrated influence in the prosthetic range of movement

Preface: Special Issue on Environmental Impact of Nature‐Based Tourism.

Tourism is growing rapidly throughout the world, including nature‐based tourism, but natural habitats are shrinking. How do we avoid damaging what is left as an increasing number of visitors wish to experience nature or enjoy adventure or relaxation in natural surroundings? This issue explores various environmental impact factors, from the physical effects of trampling through the disturbance of wildlife to the attitudes of visitors and how well‐run tourism ventures might modify their behavior

Captivate Your Audience by Turning PowerPoint Presentations into Interactive E-Learning Content

Adobe® Captivate software provides educators with a tool to create interactive distance learning modules. This article describes how Adobe® Captivate was used to increase engagement of volunteer learners. An Adobe® Captivate module was created for the University of Idaho Master Gardener program to educate and test new Master Gardener volunteers on the pesticide policy of the University of Idaho. The data collected from the online course demonstrated that it was an effective and time-efficient way to educate volunteers. Hosting the course in a learning management system, such as eXtension.org Moodle campus, also provided the necessary university documentation for volunteer training

SECONDARY TO POSTSECONDARY TRANSITION FOR STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DIFFERENCES : STUDENT AND TEACHER PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS OF A SERIES OF NON-COGNITIVE TRANSITION CURRICULUM MODULES

With increasing frequency, students with learning differences are transitioning out of high school ill-prepared for the rigor and freedom of a postsecondary setting. The transition from high school to college is marked by the transfer of responsibility for accessing and monitoring services and performance. The familiar model of special education services at the high school level changes significantly at the postsecondary level, shifting responsibility from the K-12 school system to the individual student. Research is limited in specific transition processes that manifest into successful transitioning of students with learning differences from secondary to postsecondary educational institutions. This study sought to investigate the quality of a series of non-cognitive transition modules developed to prepare students with learning differences for the postsecondary education setting. For purposes of this research, the terminology learning differences was used, except when referring to learning disabilities as it relates to federal law.   Though transition planning for students with learning differences has long been discussed and supported by federal mandate, there are shortcomings in the literature as to static or longitudinal studies supporting or refuting practices that support transitioning of students with high incidence disabilities from secondary to postsecondary settings. This study served to provide a systematic, non-cognitive curricular approach to preparation for students with learning differences.  The purpose of this study was to determine teacher and high school student perceived effectiveness of a series of non-cognitive transition curriculum modules developed to prepare high school students with learning differences for a postsecondary educational setting. Using a mixed-methods explanatory research design, the researcher collected quantitative data that would be expanded upon by further collection of qualitative data. Using the qualitative data to explain and extend the paradigm created by the presentation of the quantitative data, the research effectively answered the proposed study questions and provided insight into the preparedness of secondary students with learning differences for transitioning to a postsecondary education.  Further implementation in secondary settings, with continuous feedback from teachers and students for appropriateness and effectiveness, will provide a sustainable transition curriculum designed to help students with learning differences experience a positive transition to postsecondary education.  Ed.D