25 research outputs found
Experimental study of a vortex subjected to imposed strain
An experimental project was undertaken to investigate the character of vortex breakdown with particular regard to the waveguide theories of vortex breakdown. A rectangular wing based on the NACA 0012 airfoil was used to produce a trailing vortex which convected downstream without undergoing breakdown. Dye marked the vortex location. A disturbance was then introduced onto the vortex using a small moving wire to 'cut' the vortex. The development of upstream and downstream propagating disturbance waves was observed and the propagation velocities measured. The downstream traveling wave produced a structure similar in appearance to a vortex breakdown. The upstream wave produced a moving, swirling, turbulent region that was not a vortex breakdown. The waves moving in either direction have the same swirl velocity profiles but quite different axial velocity profiles. The upstream disturbance (turbulence) moved into a flow with an axial velocity profile that had a wake-like defect in the core region. The downstream moving vortex breakdown moved into a flow with a jet-like overshoot in the core region. The fact that no breakdown was observed for the wake-like defect and breakdown was observed for the jet-like overshoot is not consistent with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations. Although there are not a lot of examples, CFD results show breakdown for both types of profiles. The longitudinal and swirl velocity profiles were documented by Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) measurement. Wave velocities, swirl angles, and swirl parameters are reported
Equation-Free Dynamic Renormalization: Self-Similarity in Multidimensional Particle System Dynamics
We present an equation-free dynamic renormalization approach to the
computational study of coarse-grained, self-similar dynamic behavior in
multidimensional particle systems. The approach is aimed at problems for which
evolution equations for coarse-scale observables (e.g. particle density) are
not explicitly available. Our illustrative example involves Brownian particles
in a 2D Couette flow; marginal and conditional Inverse Cumulative Distribution
Functions (ICDFs) constitute the macroscopic observables of the evolving
particle distributions.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
On the Deformation of a Hyperelastic Tube Due to Steady Viscous Flow Within
In this chapter, we analyze the steady-state microscale fluid--structure
interaction (FSI) between a generalized Newtonian fluid and a hyperelastic
tube. Physiological flows, especially in hemodynamics, serve as primary
examples of such FSI phenomena. The small scale of the physical system renders
the flow field, under the power-law rheological model, amenable to a
closed-form solution using the lubrication approximation. On the other hand,
negligible shear stresses on the walls of a long vessel allow the structure to
be treated as a pressure vessel. The constitutive equation for the microtube is
prescribed via the strain energy functional for an incompressible, isotropic
Mooney--Rivlin material. We employ both the thin- and thick-walled formulations
of the pressure vessel theory, and derive the static relation between the
pressure load and the deformation of the structure. We harness the latter to
determine the flow rate--pressure drop relationship for non-Newtonian flow in
thin- and thick-walled soft hyperelastic microtubes. Through illustrative
examples, we discuss how a hyperelastic tube supports the same pressure load as
a linearly elastic tube with smaller deformation, thus requiring a higher
pressure drop across itself to maintain a fixed flow rate.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures, Springer book class; v2: minor revisions, final
form of invited contribution to the Springer volume entitled "Dynamical
Processes in Generalized Continua and Structures" (in honour of Academician
D.I. Indeitsev), eds. H. Altenbach, A. Belyaev, V. A. Eremeyev, A. Krivtsov
and A. V. Porubo
Incompressible flow
The most teachable book on incompressible flow— now fully revised, updated, and expanded
Incompressible Flow, Fourth Edition is the updated and revised edition of Ronald Panton's classic text. It continues a respected tradition of providing the most comprehensive coverage of the subject in an exceptionally clear, unified, and carefully paced introduction to advanced concepts in fluid mechanics. Beginning with basic principles, this Fourth Edition patiently develops the math and physics leading to major theories. Throughout, the book provides a unified presentation of physics, mathematics, and engineering applications, liberally supplemented with helpful exercises and example problems.Revised to reflect students' ready access to mathematical computer programs that have advanced features and are easy to use, Incompressible Flow, Fourth Edition includes:Several more exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes equationsClassic-style Fortran programs for the Hiemenz flow, the Psi-Omega method for entrance flow, and the laminar boundary layer program, all revised into MATLAB®A new discussion of the global vorticity boundary restrictionA revised vorticity dynamics chapter with new examples, including the ring line vortex and the Fraenkel-Norbury vortex solutionsA discussion of the different behaviors that occur in subsonic and supersonic steady flowsAdditional emphasis on composite asymptotic expansionsIncompressible Flow, Fourth Edition is the ideal coursebook for classes in fluid dynamics offered in mechanical, aerospace, and chemical engineering programs