Dilema Penegakan Hukum Kegiatan Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara Tanpa Izin

Abstract: This study analyzes the law enforcement of mineral and coal mining activities carried out without a permit. This research is normative legal research using a statutory approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach. Analysis of legal materials using prescriptive analysis with deductive methods. The results show that the local governments only have the function of supervising, fostering, and controlling negative post-mining impacts such as damage to the mining area's ecosystem. The authority in mineral and coal management is now entirely the duty and responsibility of the Central Government, including the authority to handle mineral mining activities without a permit. The local government itself has the authority if there is a delegation from the Central Government. Normatively, local governments have a role in regulating policies that apply in social life. In addition, providing services to the community. However, this function has not run optimally at a practical level because public complaints about the negative impacts caused by illegal mining have not received a severe response from the government. Keywords: Coal; Mineral; Mining; Illegal Miner Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penegakan hukum kegiatan pertambangan mineral dan batubara yang dilakukan tanpa izin. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual. Analisis bahan hukum menggunakan analisis preskriptif dengan metode deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah daerah hanya memiliki fungsi pengawasan, pembinaan dan pengendalian dari dampak-dampak negatif pasca tambang seperti kerusakan ekosistem daerah tambang. Kewenangan dalam pengelolaan mineral dan batubara, saat ini sepenuhnya menjadi tugas dan tanggung jawab dari Pemerintah Pusat, termasuk kewenangan dalam menangani kegiatan pertambangan mineral tanpa izin. Pemerintah daerah sendiri memiliki kewenangan, apabila terdapat pendelegasian dari Pemerintah Pusat. Secara normatif, pemerintah daerah memiliki peran untuk mengatur kebijakan yang berlaku dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Selain itu, memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Namun pada tataran praktis, fungsi ini belum berjalan optimal, sebab pengaduan masyarakat mengenai dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan dari pertambangan ilegal ini belum mendapatkan respon yang serius dari pemerintah. Kata Kunci: Batubara; Mineral; Pertambangan; Penambang Ilega

TINJAUAN HUKUM TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN BAGI TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR UMKM DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PRECARIOUS WORK (KONDISI KERJA BERBAHAYA)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan bagi tenaga kerja sektor UMKM dan untuk mengetahui kebijakan seperti apa yang diberikan apabila terdapat suatu kondisi precarious work dalam suatu UMKM. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, disimpulkan: 1. Perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga kerja UMKM terdapat pada 3 (tiga) aspek yaitu aspek ekonomis, aspek Kesehatan, dan aspek keselamatan kerja, tanpa memberikan kepentingan yang lebih besar pada salah satu aspek. 2. Kebijakan yang diberikan apabila tenaga kerja sedang berada pada suatu kondisi precarious work atau kondisi kerja berbahaya adalah tenaga kerja dapat mengajukan permintaan kepada atasannya untuk memenuhi syarat-syarat keselamatan kerja, dan apabila dalam hubungan kerjanya dengan pengusaha terjadi perselisihan maka dapat dilakukan penyelesaian melalui tahapan baik secara litigasi maupun non litigasi. Kata kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Tenaga Kerja, UMKM, Precarious Wor

TINJAUAN YURIDIS MENGENAI ASAS PERSAMAAN DI HADAPAN HUKUM DALAM PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP KORBAN DAN PELAKU KEJAHATAN

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana asas persamaan di hadapan hukum dalam perlindungan terhadap korban dan pelaku kejahatan dalam hukum pidana dan bagaimana hak-hak korban kejahatan dan pelaku kejahatan dalam sistem peradilan pidana dalam perspektif asas persamaan di hadapan hukum. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1. Asas persamaan di hadapan hukum (equality before the law) merupakan salah satu ciri penting dalam negara hukum. Jika dikaitkan dengan penelitian ini maka kiranya wajar jika pelayanan hukum atau perlindungan hukum harus ada keseimbangan (balance) terhadap perlindungan tersangka/terdakwa dengan perlindungan korban dan/atau saksi. 2. Perlindungan hak-hak korban dan pelaku kejahatan dilakukan berdasarkan ketentuan KUHAP yang diantaranya termaktub dalam bab VI KUHAP dan perlindungan bagi tersangka atau terdakwa telah diatur secara memadai dalam KUHAP tersebut baik dalam proses penangkapan, penahanan, penggeledahan, hingga tingkat pengadilan. Sedangkan karena hak-hak perlindungan bagi korban kejahatan dalam KUHAP terbatas maka untuk konsep perlindungan hukum bagi korban atau saksi berdasarkan pada Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban. Namun. dalam Undang-Undang tersebut masih terdapat kelemahan yang mengakibatkan belum terpenuhinya hak korban

SANKSI TERHADAP PELAKU KEJAHATAN DI BIDANG KEHUTANAN MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 18 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG PENCEGAHAN DAN PEMBERANTASAN PERUSAKAN HUTAN

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk-bentuk kejahatan di bidang Kehutanan menurut Undang-Undang Nomor. 18 tahun 2013 tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Perusakan Hutan serta untuk mengkaji dan menganalisa tentang sanksi yang dapat diberlakukan terhadap pelaku kejahatan kehutanan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah : 1. Terdapat beberapa bentuk kejahatan kehutanan yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai tindak pidana kehutanan, yakni; merusak sarana dan prasarana perlindungan hutan serta menimbulkan kerusakan hutan, membakar hutan, menebang pohon dan memiliki hasil hutan secara illegal, melakukan penambangan dan eksplorasi serta eksploitasi bahan tambang tanpa ijin, memiliki hasil hutan tanpa surat keterangan, membawa satwa liar atau tumbuh-tumbuhan yang dilindungi. 2. Bahwa sanksi pidana dalam kasus kejahatan kehutanan dapat diterapkan sanksi pidana sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku dalam Hukum Pidana karena pada dasarnya kejahatan kehutanan, secara umum berkaitan dengan unsur-unsur tindak pidana umum dalam KUHP, dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam beberapa bentuk kejahatan secara umum yaitu : Pengrusakan, Penggelapan dan Penadahan.   Kata Kunci : kejahatan kehutana

Factors Causing the Occurrence of Marriage of the Under Age Children in the City of Manado the Province of North Sulawesi

Marriage is one of the commands that are highly recommended to all mankind. Human as a legal subject has the right to exercise legal powers granted by the Act. Each individual legal authority to perform marriages has been clearly regulated in Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage. This paper describes the factors that cause the occurrence of early marriages in the city of Manado North Sulawesi Province. The number of respondents in this paper is of 100 people by employing qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the main factors that led to the early marriage in the city of Manado are pregnancies due to promiscuity. Other factors are the lack of knowledge of parents and children on the rules of marriage, economic factors and their marriage dispensation from the court. Keywords: Marriage, the underage children

Instrumen Hukum Penyelenggaraan Kerja Sama Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pembangunan di Bidang Jasa Konstruksi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui instrumen hukum pengelolaan penyelenggaraan kerja sama antara pemerintah daerah dengan kontraktor dalam pembangunan di bidang jasa konstruksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang ditunjang dengan data empirik. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute), pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual. Pengambilan bahan hukum sekunder dilakukan pada pemerintah daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek hukum perjanjian kerja sama saa pemerintah dalam jasa konstruksi di Prrovinsi Sulawesi Utara belum berjalan optimal disebabkan kedua belah pihak baik pemerintah maupun swasta belum melaksanakan perjanjian secara konsisten yang menimbulkan terjadinya beberapa kondisi yaitu keterlambatan pembayaran bagi pihak penyedia jasa dan keterlambatan pembangunan yang menimbulkan inefisiensi bagi pihak pengguna jasa. Evaluasi hukum terhadap pelaksanaan perjanjian jasa konstruksi atas terjadinya wanprestasi dalam perjanjian kerja sama baik dari pihak penyedia jasa konstruksi maupun pihak pengguna jasa konstruksi dilakukan melalui mekanisme penyelesaian dengan cara litigasi dan non-litigasi

E-Mediation in E-Litigation Stages in Court

Peace is one of the means to reach an agreement between two disputing parties without being influenced by the other party. In Indonesia's procedural law, the regulations governing peace are regulated in the provisions of article 130 HIR / article 154 RBg. The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia empowers and optimizes peace in court by integrating mediation into court procedures (court connected mediation). On September 11, 2003 the Supreme Court issued a regulation named Supreme Court Regulation No.2 of 2003, revised by Supreme Court Regulation No.1 of 2008 and finally by Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts. As the implementation of the vision of the Supreme Court, namely towards a supreme and modern court, the issuance of Supreme Court Regulation No.3 of 2018 concerning Administration Cases in Electronically Held Court and Supreme Court Regulation No.1 of 2019 Concerning Case Administration and Trials in Electronically Held Court. The problem is that there was no change in the mediation procedures as in Supreme Court Regulation No.1 of 2016; the implementation was still carried out in the Court building with the presence of the parties in front of the mediator. This study describes the optimization of peace by means of electronic mediation, thus the parties or advocates do not need to be present at the Court building but submit bids and agreements through electronic means. Keywords : Mediation, Electronic Mediation, Online Mediation DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/108-08 Publication date: April 30th 202

Problematic between Law Enforcement Case Crime, Breach of Discipline and the Case of Violation of Professional Code of Ethics of the National Police

Problematic in the interpretation of the law enforcement process in the handling of criminal assault and violations committed by members of the police, thus impacting the clash between the provisions of disciplinary rules violations by police professional code of ethics, so it is necessary to identify the problem. In the application of the law enforcement process is often the law enforcement agencies to interpret the clause in the legislation inconsistent with the fact that the problems encountered in the field, resulting in material that has been made into raw because once tested does not comply with the subject matter. This condition must be a point of weakness, if you develop a claim or objection of offenders to deny it. There are some things that become problematic in the interpretation of the law enforcement process in cases of disciplinary violations dank ode of ethics police, among others: the ability and understanding of the statutory provisions, Ankum would hear a case of violation of discipline and code of ethics police, should study first formerly the docket to be tried in order to gain understanding of matter and kejelesan case material, case of violation of discipline and code of ethics of the police hung and immediately actionable, the application of alternative penalties for offenders with reference to the punishment of the lightest very educational, handling breaches of discipline and code of ethics Police profession must be done with firmness, understanding of law enforcement officials in handling cases of discipline violations and police professional code of ethics is very diverse. Keywords: Problematic, Law enforcement case crime, Professional code of ethics, National Polic

The Litigation Aspects in Solving Banking Disputes in the Sharia Sector

The expansion of authority, duties, and functions of the Religious Judicature, has led the authority of the Religious Judicature are not solely in charge of the conventional fields, such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, grant (hibah), charity (zakah), and others, but the authority in the field of Islamic economics, particularly Islamic banking as well. Disputes between Islamic Banking and its customers are mostly caused by customers’ default towards agreement provision, the Financing Agreement to the detriment of the Islamic Bank. The default litigant from an offense under the substance of Financing Agreement that can be through by litigation in the Religious Judicature or non-litigation as through Basyarnas. This research is about the competence of Religious Judicature in resolving disputes Islamic Banking as a normative legal research using several approaches including legislation approaches. The research found that the settlement of Islamic banking dispute in Indonesia has external and internal constraints. External constraints, such as lack of harmonization among legislation, it even contradicts one another. Then, internal constraints such as the lack of the Religious Judicature judges understanding on various aspects of Islamic Banking, because those are relatively new, while the judges mostly experienced in resolving divorce, inheritance, grants (hibah), endowments (waqaf), and so forth. The results of this study recommend the need for harmonization and synchronization between legislation related to the drafting, moreover, a new procedural law of Religion Judicature in lieu of procedural law based HIR / RBg and increasing the ability of the Judges in reforming Islamic law through the Judge's decision are necessary. Keywords: Religious Judicature, Islamic Banking, Authority. DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/9-8-07 Publication date: August 31st 201

The Impact of Psychological Violence on Children and Legal Protection Efforts in Indonesia

The research is financed by Postgraduate Programe, Departement of Law, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia Abstract Children are an inseparable part of human survival and the survival of a nation and state. Undang- UndangDasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Article 28b paragraph (2) states that “every child has the right to survival, to grow and develop and has the right to protection from violence and discrimination”. This study discusses the impact of psychological violence and legal protection efforts in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical, with descriptive analytical research specifications that provide an in-depth description of a situation related to the problem being studied. The results of the study basically show that violence against children still frequently occur in Indonesia. Psychological violence in children has a very dangerous impact and can affect a child's psychological life. Efforts to guarantee protection of children in Indonesia have not been maximized, although positive laws in Indonesia have provided guarantees for child protection. Protection of children from acts of violence require the participation of the community, family, non-government institutions, and all other parties. Keywords: children's rights, psychological violence, legal protection DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/82-1