5,127 research outputs found

    Lower bound for LCF lifetime and its application to safe design of elastic viscoplastic structures

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    AbstractThe theory of shakedown is applied to obtain an upper estimation of LCF lifetime of structures. A model of elastic viscoplastic material similar to the Perzyna one with isotropic strain hardening and isotropic damage is adopted. Assumptions: viscoplastic strain rate is proportional to the access of the yield function over zero; the rate of damage evolution is equal to a function of hardening and damage parameters with the coefficient of fluidity, as a factor of proportionality; damage process is coupled with the viscoplastic deformation process; the hardening parameter is equal to accumulated viscoplastic deformation. The yield surfaces form a family of self-similar surfaces with the diameter as the parameter. The shakedown condition of the Melan type is formulated relatively to the initial yield surface. Features of the stress path lead to an equation with min–max problem of the mathematical programming in the left side, which determines a safe value of the virtual residual stress. The equation provides an opportunity to compute the maximal value of the strain hardening parameter possible under the prescribed loading program. This value allows to obtain an upper estimate to safe work time of the structure, which results in a sufficient condition of the structure integrity during the prescribed time period. An example of the developed theory application to resolve various problems arising from designing of structures is considered

    First quantized approaches to neutrino oscillations and second quantization

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    Neutrino oscillations are treated from the point of view of relativistic first quantized theories and compared to second quantized treatments. Within first quantized theories, general oscillation probabilities can be found for Dirac fermions and charged spin 0 bosons. A clear modification in the oscillation formulas can be obtained and its origin is elucidated and confirmed to be inevitable from completeness and causality requirements. The left-handed nature of created and detected neutrinos can also be implemented in the first quantized Dirac theory in presence of mixing; the probability loss due to the changing of initially left-handed neutrinos to the undetected right-handed neutrinos can be obtained in analytic form. Concerning second quantized approaches, it is shown in a calculation using virtual neutrino propagation that both neutrinos and antineutrinos may also contribute as intermediate particles. The sign of the contributing neutrino energy may have to be chosen explicitly without being automatic in the formalism. At last, a simple second quantized description of the flavor oscillation phenomenon is devised. In this description there is no interference terms between positive and negative components, but it still gives simple normalized oscillation probabilities. A new effect appearing in this context is an inevitable but tiny violation of the initial flavor of neutrinos. The probability loss due to the conversion of left-handed neutrinos to right-handed neutrinos is also presented.Comment: version accepted for publicatio

    ΠšΠ»Π°ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° основС Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСских ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π²

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    Π Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-климатичСских ΠΈ экономичСских условий российских Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ мСтодологичСских ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΈΡ… классификации. ΠžΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ услоТняСтся Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° абстрагирования исслСдования для любой отрасли Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ хозяйства. ЭффСктивная кластСризация Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² процСссС формирования ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ возмоТности Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСской Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ кластСризации Π½Π° основС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рядов основных экономичСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ развития сСльского хозяйства. Новизна ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ динамичСского сСгмСнтирования, которая позволяСт Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² мСзоэкономичСских пропорциях. На основС ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… государствСнной статистики сформированы Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ производствСнному, производствСнно-ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ производствСнно-структурному критСриям. Π’ качСствС основного ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° исслСдования Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ кластСризации Β«k-срСднСС». На основС Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… смодСлированных Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… сСгмСнтов рассчитаны срСдниС значСния ΠΏΠΎ исходным ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ классифицированы с ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… характСристик. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рассмотрСны ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹-выбросы, Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ отстоящиС ΠΎΡ‚ основных массивов Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ пространствСнноС распрСдСлСниС Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², входящих Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСскиС сСгмСнты. Данная классификация Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ обосновании Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π΅ инструмСнтов Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, стратСгии создания производствСнных кластСров, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ агробизнСса, устранСнии ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… диспропорций Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ. Π’ качСствС дальнСйшСго ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСской сСгмСнтации Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ измСнСния ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π»Π°, роста количСства Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π² модСль Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… взаимодСйствий, ввСдСния Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ² кластСризации. Π”Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ модСль ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ для получСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² структурных ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ производства

    ΠšΠ»Π°ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° основС Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСских ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π²

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    Π Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-климатичСских ΠΈ экономичСских условий российских Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ мСтодологичСских ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΈΡ… классификации. ΠžΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ услоТняСтся Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° абстрагирования исслСдования для любой отрасли Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ хозяйства. ЭффСктивная кластСризация Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² процСссС формирования ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ возмоТности Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСской Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ кластСризации Π½Π° основС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рядов основных экономичСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ развития сСльского хозяйства. Новизна ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ динамичСского сСгмСнтирования, которая позволяСт Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² мСзоэкономичСских пропорциях. На основС ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… государствСнной статистики сформированы Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ производствСнному, производствСнно-ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ производствСнно-структурному критСриям. Π’ качСствС основного ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° исслСдования Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ кластСризации Β«k-срСднСС». На основС Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… смодСлированных Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… сСгмСнтов рассчитаны срСдниС значСния ΠΏΠΎ исходным ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ классифицированы с ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… характСристик. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рассмотрСны ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹-выбросы, Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ отстоящиС ΠΎΡ‚ основных массивов Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ пространствСнноС распрСдСлСниС Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², входящих Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСскиС сСгмСнты. Данная классификация Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ обосновании Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π΅ инструмСнтов Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, стратСгии создания производствСнных кластСров, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ агробизнСса, устранСнии ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… диспропорций Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ. Π’ качСствС дальнСйшСго ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-экономичСской сСгмСнтации Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ измСнСния ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π»Π°, роста количСства Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π² модСль Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… взаимодСйствий, ввСдСния Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ² кластСризации. Π”Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ модСль ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ для получСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² структурных ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ производства

    Critical dimensions for random walks on random-walk chains

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    The probability distribution of random walks on linear structures generated by random walks in dd-dimensional space, Pd(r,t)P_d(r,t), is analytically studied for the case ξ≑r/t1/4β‰ͺ1\xi\equiv r/t^{1/4}\ll1. It is shown to obey the scaling form Pd(r,t)=ρ(r)tβˆ’1/2ΞΎβˆ’2fd(ΞΎ)P_d(r,t)=\rho(r) t^{-1/2} \xi^{-2} f_d(\xi), where ρ(r)∼r2βˆ’d\rho(r)\sim r^{2-d} is the density of the chain. Expanding fd(ΞΎ)f_d(\xi) in powers of ΞΎ\xi, we find that there exists an infinite hierarchy of critical dimensions, dc=2,6,10,…d_c=2,6,10,\ldots, each one characterized by a logarithmic correction in fd(ΞΎ)f_d(\xi). Namely, for d=2d=2, f2(ΞΎ)≃a2ΞΎ2ln⁑ξ+b2ΞΎ2f_2(\xi)\simeq a_2\xi^2\ln\xi+b_2\xi^2; for 3≀d≀53\le d\le 5, fd(ΞΎ)≃adΞΎ2+bdΞΎdf_d(\xi)\simeq a_d\xi^2+b_d\xi^d; for d=6d=6, f6(ΞΎ)≃a6ΞΎ2+b6ΞΎ6ln⁑ξf_6(\xi)\simeq a_6\xi^2+b_6\xi^6\ln\xi; for 7≀d≀97\le d\le 9, fd(ΞΎ)≃adΞΎ2+bdΞΎ6+cdΞΎdf_d(\xi)\simeq a_d\xi^2+b_d\xi^6+c_d\xi^d; for d=10d=10, f10(ΞΎ)≃a10ΞΎ2+b10ΞΎ6+c10ΞΎ10ln⁑ξf_{10}(\xi)\simeq a_{10}\xi^2+b_{10}\xi^6+c_{10}\xi^{10}\ln\xi, {\it etc.\/} In particular, for d=2d=2, this implies that the temporal dependence of the probability density of being close to the origin Q2(r,t)≑P2(r,t)/ρ(r)≃tβˆ’1/2ln⁑tQ_2(r,t)\equiv P_2(r,t)/\rho(r)\simeq t^{-1/2}\ln t.Comment: LATeX, 10 pages, no figures submitted for publication in PR

    Reconstruction of protein structures from a vectorial representation

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    We show that the contact map of the native structure of globular proteins can be reconstructed starting from the sole knowledge of the contact map's principal eigenvector, and present an exact algorithm for this purpose. Our algorithm yields a unique contact map for all 221 globular structures of PDBselect25 of length N≀120N \le 120. We also show that the reconstructed contact maps allow in turn for the accurate reconstruction of the three-dimensional structure. These results indicate that the reduced vectorial representation provided by the principal eigenvector of the contact map is equivalent to the protein structure itself. This representation is expected to provide a useful tool in bioinformatics algorithms for protein structure comparison and alignment, as well as a promising intermediate step towards protein structure prediction.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

    Josephson junction between anisotropic superconductors

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    The sin-Gordon equation for Josephson junctions with arbitrary misaligned anisotropic banks is derived. As an application, the problem of Josephson vortices at twin planes of a YBCO-like material is considered. It is shown that for an arbitrary orientation of these vortices relative to the crystal axes of the banks, the junctions should experience a mechanical torque which is evaluated. This torque and its angular dependence may, in principle, be measured in small fields, since the flux penetration into twinned crystals begins with nucleation of Josephson vortices at twin planes.Comment: 6 page

    Emergence of Spacetime

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    Starting from a background Zero Point Field (or Dark Energy) we show how an array of oscillators at the Planck scale leads to the formation of elementary particles and spacetime and also to a cosmology consistent with latest observations.Comment: Latex, 39 page

    Use of Assessment Indicators to Forecast Market Promotion of Products

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    During recent years the trend to tighten competitiveness has been increasing globally almost in all industries, although before then it was absent in many countries and economic sectors. This article touches upon the main issues regarding the competitiveness of enriched curd products with prebiotic substances. On the basis of a consumer survey, the calculation of advantageous indicators was performed. According to the results of the ranking of quality indicators, the following maximum values were accepted: taste and smell, form and consistency, titratable acidity, amino acid composition, and vitamin and mineral composition. A comparative analysis of consumer qualities of curd products is given. According to the results of the assessment of the quality of curd products, it can be concluded that competitive advantage belongs to a curd product enriched with cedar oil cake, lactulose syrup and whey proteins. This is followed by the curd product enriched with cedar oil cake and lactulose syrup, and then the integral indicator in the curd sample enriched with cedar oil cake. The integral indicators of curd cream and curd cheese have low values: 0.16 and 0.145, respectively. Thus, the developed curd products enriched with prebiotic substances will be in demand in the modern market of curd products. Keywords: competitiveness, complex quality indicator, curd products, cedar oil cake, whey protein, lactulos
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