6,755 research outputs found
Compactness and finite forcibility of graphons
Graphons are analytic objects associated with convergent sequences of graphs.
Problems from extremal combinatorics and theoretical computer science led to a
study of graphons determined by finitely many subgraph densities, which are
referred to as finitely forcible. Following the intuition that such graphons
should have finitary structure, Lovasz and Szegedy conjectured that the
topological space of typical vertices of a finitely forcible graphon is always
compact. We disprove the conjecture by constructing a finitely forcible graphon
such that the associated space is not compact. The construction method gives a
general framework for constructing finitely forcible graphons with non-trivial
properties
A heuristic description of high-pT hadron production in heavy ion collisions
Using a simplified model for in-medium dipole evolution accounting for color
filtering effects we study production of hadrons at large transverse momenta
in heavy ion collisions. In the framework of this model, several
important sources of the nuclear suppression observed recently at RHIC and LHC
have been analysed. A short production length of the leading hadron
causes a strong onset of color transparency effects manifested themselves as a
steep rise of the nuclear modification factor at large hadron
's. A dominance of quarks with higher leads to a weaker suppression
at RHIC than the one observed at LHC. In the RHIC kinematic region we include
an additional suppression factor steeply falling with , which is tightly
related to the energy conservation constraints. The latter is irrelevant at LHC
up to GeV while it causes a rather flat dependence of
the factor at RHIC c.m. energy GeV and even an
increasing suppression with at GeV. The calculations
contain only a medium density adjustment, and for an initial time scale =
1 fm we found the energy-dependent maximal values of the transport coefficient,
and 1.3 GeV/fm corresponding to
GeV and 2.76 TeV, respectively. We present a broad variety of predictions for
the nuclear modification factor and the azimuthal asymmetry which are in a good
agreement with available data from experiments at RHIC and LHC.Comment: 14 pages, 17 figures; extra clarifications added in Sects. II and III
(with additional Figs. 1-6) and in the extended Sect. V B (with additional
Fig.11), references added, conclusions unchange
Monetary Policy before Euro Adoption: Challenges for EU New Members
This article analyzes the main issues for monetary policy in new EU member states before their euro adoption. These are typically rooted in the challenge of fulfilling concurrently of the Maastricht inflation and exchange rate criterion, as these countries are experiencing equilibrium real exchange rate appreciation. In this article we first distinguish between the wording, written interpretation and ârevealedâ interpretation of the inflation and exchange rate criteria. Then we discuss the options for monetary policy in the period of fulfilment of these criteria in terms of its transparency, its continuity with the previous monetary policy regime, the choice of central parity for the ERM II, the setting of the fluctuation bandwidth, the probability of fulfilment of both criteria and the impact on economic stability.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57233/1/wp853 .pd
Credit cycles and macro fundamentals
We study the relation between the credit cycle and macro economic fundamentals in an intensity based framework. Using rating transition and default data of U.S. corporates from Standard and Poorâs over the period 1980â2005 we directly estimate the credit cycle from the micro rating data. We relate this cycle to the business cycle, bank lending conditions, and financial market variables. In line with earlier studies, these variables appear to explain part of the credit cycle. As our main contribution, we test for the correct dynamic specification of these models. In all cases, the hypothesis of correct dynamic specification is strongly rejected. Moreover, accounting for dynamic mis-specification, many of the variables thought to explain the credit cycle, turn out to be insignificant. The main exceptions are GDP growth, and to some extent stock returns and stock return volatilities. Their economic significance appears low, however. This raises the puzzle of what macro-economic fundamentals explain default and rating dynamics. JEL Classification: G11, G2
Monetary Policy before Euro Adoption: Challenges for EU New Members
This article analyzes the main issues for monetary policy in new EU member states before their euro adoption. These are typically rooted in the challenge of fulfilling concurrently of the Maastricht inflation and exchange rate criterion, as these countries are experiencing equilibrium real exchange rate appreciation. In this article we first distinguish between the wording, written interpretation and ârevealedâ interpretation of the inflation and exchange rate criteria. Then we discuss the options for monetary policy in the period of fulfilment of these criteria in terms of its transparency, its continuity with the previous monetary policy regime, the choice of central parity for the ERM II, the setting of the fluctuation bandwidth, the probability of fulfilment of both criteria and the impact on economic stability.monetary policy, euro adoption, ERM II, EU
The finite mass beamsplitter in high power interferometers
The beamplitter in high-power interferometers is subject to significant
radiation-pressure fluctuations. As a consequence, the phase relations which
appear in the beamsplitter coupling equations oscillate and phase modulation
fields are generated which add to the reflected fields. In this paper, the
transfer function of the various input fields impinging on the beamsplitter
from all four ports onto the output field is presented including
radiation-pressure effects. We apply the general solution of the coupling
equations to evaluate the input-output relations of the dual-recycled
laser-interferometer topology of the gravitational-wave detector GEO600 and the
power-recycling, signal-extraction topology of advanced LIGO. We show that the
input-output relation exhibits a bright-port dark-port coupling. This mechanism
is responsible for bright-port contributions to the noise density of the output
field and technical laser noise is expected to decrease the interferometer's
sensitivity at low frequencies. It is shown quantitatively that the issue of
technical laser noise is unimportant in this context if the interferometer
contains arm cavities.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
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