DeepMarks: A Digital Fingerprinting Framework for Deep Neural Networks

This paper proposes DeepMarks, a novel end-to-end framework for systematic fingerprinting in the context of Deep Learning (DL). Remarkable progress has been made in the area of deep learning. Sharing the trained DL models has become a trend that is ubiquitous in various fields ranging from biomedical diagnosis to stock prediction. As the availability and popularity of pre-trained models are increasing, it is critical to protect the Intellectual Property (IP) of the model owner. DeepMarks introduces the first fingerprinting methodology that enables the model owner to embed unique fingerprints within the parameters (weights) of her model and later identify undesired usages of her distributed models. The proposed framework embeds the fingerprints in the Probability Density Function (pdf) of trainable weights by leveraging the extra capacity available in contemporary DL models. DeepMarks is robust against fingerprints collusion as well as network transformation attacks, including model compression and model fine-tuning. Extensive proof-of-concept evaluations on MNIST and CIFAR10 datasets, as well as a wide variety of deep neural networks architectures such as Wide Residual Networks (WRNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), corroborate the effectiveness and robustness of DeepMarks framework

A boy with oral hair : case report

In personal communication we have never seen or heard of hair being detected in the oral cavity. Even Julia Pastrana, the famous ?Bearded Lady? of the 1800?s, had no record of oral hair, although her entire body was covered with hair. Extensive records of her oral condition, including plaster models of her teeth have been preserved in the Odontological Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons in London city. She suffered from excessive gingival hyperplasia, but apparently no hair existed within the mouth. Some rodents have oral hair as a normal occurrence, but the condition is apparently limited in the animal kingdom. A case of hair occurring naturally in the mouth has been reported only twice previously. A third case of this rare anomaly is reported here. In this case, multiple hairs were found at the gingival sulcus in the labial, buccal, lingual and palatal tooth surfaces in an 11-year-old boy

Effect of Different Surface Treatments and Pressure Conditions on Shear Bond Strength of Zirconia Ceramic to Composite Resin

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of zirconia ceramic to composite resin with various surface treatments following pressure changes. Materials and Methods: Totally, 135 zirconia blocks were prepared by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology. The samples were divided into 9 groups (n=15). Three surface treatments including sandblasting, tribo-chemical preparation, and laser application were used. For each method, 45 samples were considered and tested under different pressure conditions. Z-Prime Plus primer was used for bonding of all samples to composite cylinders. All specimens were stored in water for 24 h, underwent thermocycling, and were then placed in a pressure chamber under normal-, high-, and low-pressure conditions. Then, the SBS test was performed for each sample. Data were analyzed by two-way and one-way ANOVA (α=0.05). Results: The SBS was significantly higher in sandblasting and tribochemical preparation compared with laser irradiation (P[removed]0.05). Sandblasting, tribochemical preparation, and laser methods did not show a significant difference in SBS at different pressures (P>0.05). Conclusion: Sandblasting and tribochemical preparation yielded a higher SBS than laser. Different pressures had no effect on SBS, irrespective of surface preparation metho

Thoracic Kyphosis Angle in Relation to Low Back Pain among Dentists in Iran

BACKGROUND: Non-specific low back pain (LBP) has a direct impact on the quality of life, active days at work and health care costs. AIM: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between LBP and thoracic kyphosis angle among dentists. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study carried out in the form of census among 84 dentists employed in a specialised clinic in Iran. Dentists LBP prevalence and intensity and thoracic kyphosis angle were evaluated respectively with the self-administered body map questionnaire, visual analogue scale and flexicurve ruler. Statistical data analysis was done using SPSS software, version 22. RESULTS: The data showed that the prevalence of LBP in dentists was 44.9% and intensity of LBP was reported about 71.9 ± 19.34. Pearson correlation coefficient between thoracic kyphosis angle and dentist’s characteristics was not significant except for work experience. The single linear regression model showed that 1.3% of thoracic kyphosis angle changes was positively dependent on LBP. Also, the present study proved that thoracic kyphosis angle changes were positively dependent to 2.6%, 10.8% and 5.7 percent of age, work experience and Body Mass Index (BMI), respectively. CONCLUSION: Despite the lack of significant statistical relation between LBP and thoracic kyphosis angle, there is a high prevalence and intensity of LBP among Dentists. To reduce the risk of work-related LBP among dentists, managing factors such as BMI, work postures and exercises during work should be taken into consideration

Mental Neuropathy as Initial Manifestation of Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Introduction: Mental neuropathy is a sensory neuropathy characterized by hypoesthe-sia or paresthesia of the chin and lower lip. It can be a symptom of a latent malignant disease. Case Presentation: This report presents a case of a 34-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer who complained of severe pain and numbness of the right lower lip. We reviewed numerous reliable articles (through PubMed and Google Search) in relation to mental neuropathy and its possible causes. Conclusion: Given that the reports of mental neuropathy have often been associated with malignancies, patients that complain of sensory impairment and numbness of the mental region should be examined carefully

The Evaluation of the Level of C3 and C4 Complements in Unstimulated Saliva of Patients with Oral Lichen Planus

Background and Objectives: Deficiency in the complement system can lead to some autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of C3 and C4 complements in unstimulated saliva of individuals with oral lichen planus (OLP) and healthy subjects. Methods: In this case-control study, 31 healthy individuals and 31 patients with OLP entered the study. The values of C3 and C4, were measured using immunoturbidimetric method, and statistical analysis of data was carried out by t- and ROC tests.   Results: The mean concentrations of C3 and C4 in unstimulated saliva in patients with OLP, were significantly lower than the control group. The C4 cut-off point was obtained to distinguish patients from healthy individuals, 0.78 mg/dL with a sensitivity of 76 and a specificity of 55.   Conclusion: The levels of C3 and C4 complement proteins were low in OLP. Therefore, it seems that these complements are involved in the pathogenesis of OLP and may be considered as potential biological markers for the diagnosis of OLP