UNIDADE CÉREBRO-MENTE E A CONSCIÊNCIA À LUZ DA TEORIA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL

The article lists some contributions to the understanding of the brain-mind unit and the development of consciousness, mainly aimed at academic experience, especially from the medical and psychology faculties, which are dedicated to the study of this knowledge from the works of Vygotsky and his theory. Cultural-Historical, coined in the critical and dialectical method. It is understood that such contributions can bring improvements in the advancement of neuroscience, in addition to improving the understanding of this complex system, especially in the use of its approaches and applications to the processes of suffering and psychic illness. In addition to briefly presenting some of Vygotsky's works on the subject, a brief exercise of dialectical criticism is carried out, when assessing one of the most used textbooks in the menus of the aforementioned courses, which deals with the development of consciousness and the bases of psychiatry, highlighting the importance of knowledge and education as a promoter of human emancipation. Finally, some reflections are proposed on the need to understand the brain as the material basis of consciousness, whose psychic and physiological processes arise and act in unity, based on its social character, making comments inherent to the gaps in the training of these professionals.El artículo enumera algunos aportes a la comprensión de la unidad cerebro-mente y al desarrollo de la conciencia, dirigidos principalmente a la experiencia académica, especialmente desde las facultades de medicina y psicología, que se dedican al estudio de este conocimiento a partir de los trabajos de Vygotsky y sus Teoría Cultural-Histórica, acuñada en el método crítico y dialéctico. Se entiende que tales aportes pueden traer mejoras en el avance de la neurociencia, además de mejorar la comprensión de este complejo sistema, especialmente en el uso de sus abordajes y aplicaciones a los procesos de sufrimiento y enfermedad psíquica. Además de presentar brevemente algunos de los trabajos de Vygotsky sobre el tema, se realiza un breve ejercicio de crítica dialéctica, al valorar uno de los libros de texto más utilizados en los menús de los citados cursos, que trata sobre el desarrollo de la conciencia y las bases de la psiquiatría, destacando la importancia del conocimiento y la educación como promotor de la emancipación humana. Finalmente, se proponen algunas reflexiones sobre la necesidad de comprender el cerebro como base material de la conciencia, cuyos procesos psíquicos y fisiológicos surgen y actúan en unidad, a partir de su carácter social, haciendo comentarios inherentes a los vacíos en la formación de estos profesionales.O artigo elenca algumas contribuições para a compreensão da unidade cérebro-mente e o desenvolvimento da consciência, voltado principalmente à vivência acadêmica, especialmente oriundas das faculdades médicas e da psicologia, que se dedicam ao estudo desses saberes a partir das obras de Vigotski e sua teoria Histórico-Cultural, cunhada no método crítico e dialético. Entende-se que tais contribuições podem trazer melhorias no avanço da neurociência, além de aperfeiçoar a compreensão desse complexo sistema, principalmente no emprego de suas abordagens e aplicações aos processos de sofrimento e adoecimento psíquico. Além de apresentar sucintamente algumas obras de Vigotski sobre a temática, realiza-se um breve exercício de crítica dialética, ao aferir um dos livros didáticos mais utilizados nas ementas dos cursos supracitados, que trata do desenvolvimento da consciência e das bases da psiquiatria, ressaltando a importância do conhecimento e da educação como promotora da emancipação humana. Por último, propõem-se algumas reflexões sobre a necessidade de se compreender o cérebro como base material da consciência, cujos processos psíquicos e fisiológicos surgem e atuam em unidade, a partir do seu caráter social, tecendo comentários inerentes às lacunas na formação desses profissionais.&nbsp

Association between the -420 C> G polymorphism (rs1862513) in the human resistin gene and obesity in a sample of the Brazilian population / Associação entre o polimorfismo -420 C>G (rs1862513) no gene da resistina humana e obesidade em uma amostra da população brasileira

Purpose: Obesity became a serious public health problem in the last decades and is associated with several comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some types of cancer. Adipose tissue cells produce various proinflammatory cytokines including resistin (RETN). Several studies have shown that RETN polymorphisms may be potentially related to the predisposition to obesity, but the results are contradictory. Herein we aimed to investigate the frequency of the RETN -420 C>G (rs1862513) polymorphism and its association with obesity in a sample of adults of both sexes residing in the city of Jataí - GO, Brazil. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 117 participants from which 72 were genotyped for RETN polymorphism. Anthropometric measurements such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were obtained and used to classify individuals in eutrophic, overweight and obese. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were measured and lipidic and fasting blood glucose profiles were determined. Polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: There was no statistical difference between the RETN -420 C >G polymorphism and the variables BMI and lipidic profile. However, there was a significant difference in the frequency of  C/C genotype in the group with WC values associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease compared to the lower risk group both in the codominant model (C/C; C/G, G/G) and in the dominant genetic model (C/C, C/G + G/G).Conclusion: RETN -420 C >G polymorphism is not associated with obesity in the sample of Brazilian population analyzed in this study, however the RETN C/C genotype may be associated with cardiovascular risk and deserves further investigation