Conflict Resolution in the Electricity Sector - The Experts Panel of Chile

One of the main challenges facing the electricity sector worldwide is the design of efficient markets. In particular, the mechanisms used to solve regulatory conflicts are a crucial element of a regulatory regime and a major determinant of the risks borne by private investors. We use the Chilean experience to analyze the evolution of mechanisms for conflict resolution within the electricity sector. We propose a theoretical framework based on bargaining theory to explain the behavior of market agents. This methodological approach is used to explain the evolution of conflict resolution following the introduction of the Experts Panel in 2004, as well as to explain the reduction in the number of conflicts. The results can also be applied to other electricity markets, leading to future market design proposals and governance improvements.One of the main challenges facing the electricity sector worldwide is the design of efficient markets. In particular, the mechanisms used to solve regulatory conflicts are a crucial element of a regulatory regime and a major determinant of the risks borne by private investors. We use the Chilean experience to analyze the evolution of mechanisms for conflict resolution within the electricity sector. We propose a theoretical framework based on bargaining theory to explain the behavior of market agents. This methodological approach is used to explain the evolution of conflict resolution following the introduction of the Experts Panel in 2004, as well as to explain the reduction in the number of conflicts. The results can also be applied to other electricity markets, leading to future market design proposals and governance improvements

Analysis for integrated energy system:Benchmarking methods and implementation

The selection of suitable models and solutions is a fundamental requirement for conducting energy flow analysis in integrated energy systems (IES). However, this task is challenging due to the vast number of existing models and solutions, making it difficult to comprehensively compare scholars' studies with current work. In this paper, we aim to address this issue by presenting a comprehensive overview of mainstream IES models and clarifying their relationships, thereby providing guidance for scholars in selecting appropriate models. Additionally, we introduce several widely used solvers for solving algebraic and differential equations, along with their detailed implementations in the energy flow analysis of IES. Furthermore, we conduct extensive testing and demonstration of these models and methods in various cases to establish benchmarking datasets. To facilitate reproducibility, verification and comparisons, we provide open‐source access to these datasets, including system data, analysis settings and implementations of the various solvers in the mainstream models. Scholars can utilise the provided datasets to reproduce the results, verify the findings and perform comparative analyses. Moreover, they have the flexibility to customise these settings according to their specific requirements

Information for a developmental approach to mitigation: linking sectoral and economy-wide models for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and South Africa.

This paper reports on modelling approaches that provide information to answer policy-­relevant questions in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and South Africa. The analysis informs different country contexts: energy-related GHG emissions currently dominate in Chile and South Africa, while those due to agriculture, forestry and land-­use (AFOLU) are historically more important in Brazil, Colombia and Peru

Constraints on the χ_(c1) versus χ_(c2) polarizations in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The polarizations of promptly produced χ_(c1) and χ_(c2) mesons are studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in proton-proton collisions at √s=8  TeV. The χ_c states are reconstructed via their radiative decays χ_c → J/ψγ, with the photons being measured through conversions to e⁺e⁻, which allows the two states to be well resolved. The polarizations are measured in the helicity frame, through the analysis of the χ_(c2) to χ_(c1) yield ratio as a function of the polar or azimuthal angle of the positive muon emitted in the J/ψ → μ⁺μ⁻ decay, in three bins of J/ψ transverse momentum. While no differences are seen between the two states in terms of azimuthal decay angle distributions, they are observed to have significantly different polar anisotropies. The measurement favors a scenario where at least one of the two states is strongly polarized along the helicity quantization axis, in agreement with nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics predictions. This is the first measurement of significantly polarized quarkonia produced at high transverse momentum