9,939 research outputs found
Charged Rotating Black Hole Formation from Thin Shell Collapse in Three Dimensions
The thin shell collapse leading to the formation of charged rotating black
holes in three dimensions is analyzed in the light of a recently developed
Hamiltonian formalism for these systems. It is proposed to demand, as a way to
reconcile the properties of an infinitely extended solenoid in flat space with
a magnetic black hole in three dimensions, that the magnetic field should
vanish just outside the shell. The adoption of this boundary condition results
in an exterior solution with a magnetic field different from zero at a finite
distance from the shell. The interior solution is also found and assigns
another interpretation, in a different context, to the magnetic solution
previously obtained by Cl\'{e}ment and by Hirschmann and Welch.Comment: 15 pages, no figures. Discussion on junction conditions and
conclusions enlarged. Few references added. Final version for MPL
Integrative Understanding of Emergent Brain Properties, Quantum Brain Hypotheses, and Connectome Alterations in Dementia are Key Challenges to Conquer Alzheimer's Disease
The biological substrate for cognition remains a challenge as much as defining this function of living beings. Here, we examine some of the difficulties to understand normal and disordered cognition in humans. We use aspects of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders to illustrate how the wealth of information at many conceptually separate, even intellectually decoupled, physical scales – in particular at the Molecular Neuroscience versus Systems Neuroscience/Neuropsychology levels – presents a challenge in terms of true interdisciplinary integration towards a coherent understanding. These unresolved dilemmas include critically the as yet untested quantum brain hypothesis, and the embryonic attempts to develop and define the so-called connectome in humans and in non-human models of disease. To mitigate these challenges, we propose a scheme incorporating the vast array of scales of the space and time (space–time) manifold from at least the subatomic through cognitive-behavioral dimensions of inquiry, to achieve a new understanding of both normal and disordered cognition, that is essential for a new era of progress in the Generative Sciences and its application to translational efforts for disease prevention and treatment
Massive color-octet bosons and the charge asymmetries of top quarks at hadron colliders
Several models predict the existence of heavy colored resonances decaying to
top quarks in the TeV energy range that might be discovered at the LHC. In some
of those models, moreover, a sizable charge asymmetry of top versus antitop
quarks might be generated. The detection of these exotic resonances, however,
requires selecting data samples where the top and the antitop quarks are highly
boosted, which is experimentally very challenging. We asses that the
measurement of the top quark charge asymmetry at the LHC is very sensitive to
the existence of excited states of the gluon with axial-vector couplings to
quarks. We use a toy model with general flavour independent couplings, and show
that a signal can be detected with relatively not too energetic top and antitop
quarks. We also compare the results with the asymmetry predicted by QCD, and
show that its highest statistical significance is achieved with data samples of
top-antitop quark pairs of low invariant masses.Comment: 20 page
The Aftermath of Appreciations
This paper empirically analyzes a broad range of real exchange rate appreciation episodes. The cases are identified after compiling a large sample of monthly multilateral real exchange rates from 1960 to 1994. The objective is twofold. First, the paper studies the dynamics of appreciations, avoiding the sample selection of analyzing exclusively the crisis (or devaluation) cases. Second, the paper analyzes the mechanism by which overvaluations are corrected. In particular, we are interested in the proportion of the reversions that occur through nominal devaluations, rather than cumulative inflation differentials. We calculate the probability of undoing appreciations without nominal depreciations for various degrees of misalignment. The overall conclusion is that it is very unlikely to undo large and medium appreciations without nominal devaluations.
Liquidity crises and the international financial architecture
The paper analyzes the effect of different proposals for the new international financial architecture in an open economy liquidity crises model. It shows that an international lender of last resort that provides a complete financial rescue leads, in the short run, to a lower probability of a BoP crises and financial runs. However, the perverse incentives of a complete bailout lead to an increasing probability offinancial runs in the long run. A partial financial package may not reduce the probability of financial runs and twin crises. Private sector participation rules can increase the probability of finan- cial runs and twin crises if a large proportion of foreign investors expect to withdraw their investment without loss.
Mapping prior information onto LMI eigenvalue-regions for discrete-time subspace identification
In subspace identification, prior information can be used to constrain the
eigenvalues of the estimated state-space model by defining corresponding LMI
regions. In this paper, first we argue on what kind of practical information
can be extracted from historical data or step-response experiments to possibly
improve the dynamical properties of the corresponding model and, also, on how
to mitigate the effect of the uncertainty on such information. For instance,
prior knowledge regarding the overshoot, the period between damped oscillations
and settling time may be useful to constraint the possible locations of the
eigenvalues of the discrete-time model. Then, we show how to map the prior
information onto LMI regions and, when the obtaining regions are non-convex, to
obtain convex approximations.Comment: Under revie
Dedollarization, Indexation and Nominalization: The Chilean Experience
This paper revisits the Chilean experience with dollarization, indexation and nominalization in the 1958-2003 period. The purpose is to understand how Chile generally avoided dollarization and actually dedollarized in the 80s in order to draw some lessons for other countries. We find that many policies that Chile pursued are not easy to implement elsewhere. Some key characteristics of the Chilean process are related to initial institutional conditions and developments, whereas others are connected to macroeconomic performance and specific regulations. Indexation plays a key role in explaining how dollarization can be avoided.
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