Aplicaciones del Modelo Binomial para el Análisis de Riesgo

In this paper we analyze two risk measures using the Binomial Model. In one case we show that the distance-to-default measure is indeed a Z-statistic. In an empirical application we estimate the probability of default for Chilean banks. Our second measure is a pseudo implied volatility which is obtained from a question. From a small survey we find that results are consistent with market values. Finally, we consider the worst case scenario analysis applied to Value at Risk and to callable bonds.

Comparative genomics reveals complex natural product biosynthesis capacities and carbon metabolism across host-associated and free-living Aquimarina (Bacteroidetes, Flavobacteriaceae) species

This study determines the natural product biosynthesis and full coding potential within the bacterial genus Aquimarina. Using comprehensive phylogenomics and functional genomics, we reveal that phylogeny instead of isolation source [host-associated (HA) vs. free-living (FL) habitats] primarily shape the inferred metabolism of Aquimarina species. These can be coherently organized into three major functional clusters, each presenting distinct natural product biosynthesis profiles suggesting that evolutionary trajectories strongly underpin their secondary metabolite repertoire and presumed bioactivities. Aquimarina spp. are highly versatile bacteria equipped to colonize HA and FL microniches, eventually displaying opportunistic behaviour, owing to their shared ability to produce multiple glycoside hydrolases from diverse families. We furthermore uncover previously underestimated, and highly complex secondary metabolism for the genus by detecting 928 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) across all genomes, grouped in 439 BGC families, with polyketide synthases (PKSs), terpene synthases and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) ranking as the most frequent BGCs encoding drug-like candidates. We demonstrate that the recently described cuniculene (trans-AT PKS) BGC is conserved among, and specific to, the here delineated A. megaterium-macrocephali-atlantica phylogenomic clade. Our findings provide a timely and in-depth perspective of an under-explored yet emerging keystone taxon in the cycling of organic matter and secondary metabolite production in marine ecosystems.Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT)Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PTDC/MAR-BIO/1547/2014, UID/BIO/04565/2013]Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa 2020 [007317]FCTPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PD/BD/143029/2018

Acute Effects of Velocity-Based Resistance Training on the Physical Functional Performance of Older Adults

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(3): 399-413, 2022. The aim of this study was to analyse the acute effects of velocity-based resistance training on the physical and functional performance of older adults. Twenty participants (70.4 ± 7.4 years) performed the deadlift exercise, in two different resistance training protocols. The moderate-velocity protocol (MV) predicted maximum loads so that the movement velocity during the concentric phase remained in the range of 0.5 to 0.7 m/s and the high-velocity protocol (HV) predicted maximum loads so that the movement velocity remained between 0.8 and 1.0 m/s. The jump height (cm), handgrip strength (kg), and time (s) to complete the functional tests were assessed before (baseline), and immediately (post), 24-h, and 48-h after the MV and HV protocols. Compared to baseline, both training protocols acutely led to a gradual reduction in walking velocity, with significant values 24 hours after training (p = 0.044), on the other hand, both protocols improved performance in the timed up and go test at post (p \u3c 0.001) and in the sit-to-stand test at 48-h (p = 0.024), although there were no significant differences between them for any times analysed (p \u3e 0.05). No other outcomes exhibited significant changes. Results indicate that neither of the protocols (MV and HV) led to significant impairments in physical function of the older adults, and can be recommended with the safety criterion of at least 48-h of rest between sessions