Sebastián Raval’s Motecta (1600)

UID/EAT/00693/2013 PTDC/CPC-MMU/0314/2014‘Still another book of small-scale motets: Sebastián Raval’s Motecta (1600)’ Lodovico Viadana’s Cento concerti ecclesiastici (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti, 1602), a collection of small-scale motets with basso continuo, is still considered ‘chronologically the first publication to include a basso continuo with sacred vocal music’. It has become the epitome of the advent of the Baroque in Italian sacred music. But, as has been argued in recent times, both the basso continuo and the concertato style were used at the end of the Renaissance all over Italy. Furthermore, there are examples of books with similar scope prior to Viadana’s [such as Asprilio Pacelli’s Chorici psalmi et motecta quatour vocum. Liber primus (Rome: Niccolò Muzi, 1599), and Gabriele Fattorini’s I sacri concerti a due voci ... co'l basso generale per maggior commodità de gl'organisti (Venice: Riccardo Amadino, 1600)]. Probably because these books do not fit comfortably into the geographical boundaries and periodization of the Baroque (traditionally understood as a development of North Italian origin occurred in the seventeenth-century), they have received little attention until recently. This paper seeks to examine another book of small-scale motets, Sebastián Raval’s Motecta selecta organo accomodata (Palermo: Giovanni Antonio de Franceschi, 1600). This almost unknown publication is one of the first solo-motet volumes with thoroughbass ever published. Although only one partbook is extant, it provides yet another piece of evidence that this avant-garde language was known even in a remote parts of Italy at least two years before Viadana’s Cento concerti was published.publishersversionpublishe

A New Look at Ribera’s Missa Sine Nomine and Devotional Motets

UID/EAT/00693/2019Este artigo analisa a obra sacra de Antonio de Ribera (m. 1527?) e a sua relação com a música de Alonso Pérez de Alba (m. 1504). Os dois compositores cruzaram os seus percursos na Catedral de Sevilha. Alba integrou a Catedral como cantor em 1482 e, mais tarde, tornou-se mestre de capela e mestre do coro, até à sua saída em 1497; e há registos de Ribera como jovem cantor da catedral entre 1496-8. A escassez de documentação dificulta a percepção sobre a real natureza da relação entre ambos. Contudo, tendo em conta que a carreira de Alba estaria numa fase mais avançada quando se conheceram, é seguro presumir que este terá influenciado Ribera. A análise da música sacra preservada da autoria de Ribera (a Missa sine nomine e dois motetes devocionais) valida esta hipótese. O estilo dos dois compositores é consideravelmente semelhante no que se refere à linguagem de contraponto e aos detalhes de composição. Contudo, o tamanho limitado da amostra e a funcionalidade específica destas peças impede-nos de determinar até que ponto as semelhanças resultam da influência directa de Alba ou da tradição musical da Catedral de Sevilha. Para contextualizar a análise musical, este artigo revê numa perspectiva historiográfica a biografia de Ribera e as diversas atribuições (e falsas atribuições) das suas peças, no sentido de clarificar também alguns casos em que música será provavelmente da autoria do compositor mais tardio, Bernardino de Ribera.publishersversionpublishe

Imitation in Iberian Motets around 1500

UID/EAT/00472/2013In their illuminating examination of the development of ‘pervasive imitation’ (2015) in polyphonic music, Julie Cumming and Peter Schubert dissect how this technique developed to become a defining feature of the whole European music language in the 16th century. By analysing the pieces contained in the first five books of motets ever printed (issued by Petrucci in the first decade of the 16th century) the authors aim at undertaking a comprehensive examination of the European music style of the time. Their claim at completeness, however, is marred by the fact that there is 85 not a single Iberian motet among the pieces analysed. This surely unintended exclusion is easily explained: there are no Iberian motets in Petrucci’s books because virtually all Iberian motets of this age were transmitted in manuscript. This paper will look at a substantial selection of Iberian motets, compiled in the manuscript 2/3 of Tarazona Cathedral, one of the largest repositories of Iberian music from the first decades of the 16th century. It will examine the different types of imitative patterns and how they work within the whole contrapuntal weaving, comparing them to the techniques employed in coeval repertories, as described by Cumming and Schubert.publishersversionpublishe

The Anatomy of Late 15th- and Early 16th- Century Iberian Polyphonic Music

UID/EAT/00693/2013 PTDC/CPC-MMU/0314/2014O projecto The Anatomy of Late 15th- and Early 16th-Century Iberian Polyphonic Music: An Overall Analysis, Philology and Critical Editing of Surviving Repertories, iniciado em Junho de 2016, reúne uma equipa internacional liderada pelo Doutor João Pedro d’Alvarenga (CESEM/NOVA). O objectivo do projecto é levar a cabo um estudo analítico abrangente dos diferentes repertórios polifónicos ibéricos de finais do século XV e inícios do século XVI, que permita identificar elementos estilísticos e padrões estruturais e sintáticos próprios que os distingam dos demais repertórios coevos, especialmente do modelo de composição franco-flamengo. Com este estudo, pretende-se colmatar várias lacunas no conhecimento e contextualização desses repertórios ibéricos, nomeadamente na historiografia musical dominante, que tendencialmente os encara como emulações periféricas dos produtos culturais de outros centros europeus, raramente reconhecendo o seu valor técnico e estético. Passado pouco mais de um ano desde o início do projecto, a presente comunicação visa dar conhecimento: 1) do progresso realizado até ao momento, nomeadamente em relação à reavaliação das fontes e do estabelecimento dos repertórios a analisar; 2) de novos desenvolvimentos em relação às próximas fases do estudo, que serão dedicadas à criação de uma base de dados digital para posterior análise assistida por computador.publishersversionpublishe

Music, Composers, Sources, and Transmission

UID/EAT/00693/2019 PTDC/CPC-MMU/0314/2014 DL 57/2016/CP1453/CT0083 CEECIND/00195/2017publishersversionpublishe

Did Francisco de Peñalosa compose the Credo of the mass Rex virginum?

UID/EAT/00693/2013 (BPD)FCT01/10/201631/01/2019One of the two composite masses Rex virginum of Iberian origin features a Gloria and a Credo traditionally attributed to the composer Francisco de Peñalosa (d. 1528) – the other movements being credited to Pedro de Escobar (Kyrie), Pedro Fernández de Castilleja or Pedro Hernández de Tordesillas (Sanctus), and Alonso Pérez de Alba (Agnus). All the movements that comprise the 91 mass are unica, and appear copied in the manuscript E-TZ 2/3 (fols. 200v-209r) under the name ‘Misa de Nuestra Señora’. The composers’ names are written both in the Table of Contents (only Escobar and Peñalosa) and in the body of the manuscript, at beginning of the each movement. A closer look to the inscription at the Credo (fol. 204v) reveals that the name ‘P.losa’ has been scratched out, a detail that has gone unnoticed up to now. This correction (within a manuscript that is generally considered reliable despite a few conflicting attributions and corrections) raises the question of the Credo’s ascription. Furthermore, the style of the movement is unlike Peñalosa’s standard compositional practice (as previously stated by scholars, the dissimilarity between the Gloria and the Credo is immediately noticeable). This paper will examine the Credo of the mass Rex virginum in order to shed light on the piece’s authorship so testing the hypothesis that the scribe could have been right in discarding the attribution to Peñalosa.publishersversionpublishe

Imitative tools and processes in the Iberian motet circa 1500

BPD)FCT01/10/201631/01/2019 UID/EAT/00693/2013This paper is part of an ongoing research, which aims at describing how imitation works in Iberian motets from ca. 1500, and how it relates to the imitative processes occurring in motets from other European traditions. In a previous paper I compared Iberian motets to motets collected and printed by Petrucci in his five books issued between 1502 and 1508. The selection is generally considered as representative of the ‘European’ motet (although they do not contain a single piece by Iberian composers). I used the results provided by Julie Cumming and Peter Schubert in their systematic examination of pervasive imitation and stretto fuga in Petrucci’s books (2015). Despite some insightful results, the approach proved unsuitable for analysing Iberian motets, as pervasive imitation appears to have reached them at a slower pace. Moreover, Cumming and Schubert’s focus on how pervasive imitation developed to become a defining feature of European polyphony necessarily disregards Petrucci’s motets that do not share the style. In this paper I will propose a different approach to analysing imitation, by examining additional imitative tools beyond pervasive imitation in the Iberian repertory (including those raised by Wagstaff, 1993) and by selecting a sample of Petrucci’s motets through the consideration of text and function (Brown, 1990).publishersversionpublishe

Response Surface Optimization of Inulin and Polyphenol Extraction from Artichoke (Cynara scolymus (L.)) Solid Wastes

[EN] Featured Application Recovery of bioactive compounds from artichoke solid wastes. Artichoke wastes after processing represent 60-70% of the raw material and are a potential source of inulin and polyphenols, bioactive compounds that can be valorized as food ingredients or nutraceutical products. The aim of this work was to assess and optimize the extraction of these compounds from artichoke wastes using water or water-ethanol mixtures as extracting agents. For simultaneous inulin and polyphenol extraction and to achieve high antioxidant activity in extracts, the best process conditions using water as an extracting agent were T = 89 degrees C and t = 139 min, where 80% of the inulin content, 60% of the total phenolic content (TPC) and 56% of the antioxidant activity (Aox) were obtained. For water-ethanol extractions, the best results were obtained with EtOH = 22.4%, T = 81 degrees C and t = 217 min, leading to extraction yields of 90% of TPC, 38% of Aox and 58% of inulin content. From these results, we recommend the use of water for the recovery of inulin and polyphenols from artichoke wastes. Although the extraction yield of polyphenols is lower in water treatments, the amount extracted is considerable and it is a greener option when compared with water-ethanol mixtures.Garcia-Castello, EM.; Mayor, L.; Calvo-Ramirez, A.; Ruiz-Melero, R.; Rodríguez López, AD. (2022). Response Surface Optimization of Inulin and Polyphenol Extraction from Artichoke (Cynara scolymus (L.)) Solid Wastes. Applied Sciences. 12(6):1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/app1216795711512

Characterization of Ionic Exchange and Macroporous Resins for Their Application on the Separation and Recovery of Chlorogenic Acid from the Wastewater of Artichoke Blanching

[EN] Food wastes have traditionally been considered as dead-end materials; however, recent international, national, and regional policies strongly promote the use of these wastes as potential resources. This change of perception considers the need for sustainable exploitation of natural resources. In this context, artichoke processing produces high amounts of wastewaters, and specifically, wastewaters from the artichoke blanching step present a high content of valuable biocomponents such as carbohydrates and phenolic compounds (e.g., chlorogenic acid, 1700 ppm). In this work, the recovery of chlorogenic acid by applying sorption processes was studied. Five resins were tested, and it was found that the resin XAD 7 HP presented the best total adsorption-desorption yield (72.8%) at 20 degrees C. It was also found that there was a strong variation of the adsorption ratio depending on solution pH (3-7). Four models of isotherms were applied to the adsorption processes, and the Langmuir isotherm better explained the adsorption behavior. The kinetic study showed that the adsorption and desorption of chlorogenic acid followed a pseudo-second order model where the kinetic constant depended on the adsorbate concentration. In addition, it was found that the sorption process was controlled by more than just the intraparticle diffusion mechanism.Rodríguez López, AD.; Reig Riera, MM.; Mayor, L.; Ortiz-Climent, M.; Garcia-Castello, EM. (2021). Characterization of Ionic Exchange and Macroporous Resins for Their Application on the Separation and Recovery of Chlorogenic Acid from the Wastewater of Artichoke Blanching. Sustainability. 13(16):1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168928S115131

Fabrication and performance of low-fouling UF membranes for 2 the treatment of Isolated Soy Protein solutions

[EN] Consumers are becoming more conscious about the need to include functional and nutritional foods in their diet. This has increased the demand for food extracts rich in proteins and peptides with physiological effects that are used within the food and pharmaceutical industries. Among these protein extracts, soy protein and its derivatives are highlighted. Isolated soy protein (ISP) presents a protein content of at least 90%. Wastewaters generated during the production process contain small proteins (8-50 kDa), and it would be desirable to find a recovery treatment for these compounds. Ultrafiltration membranes (UF) are used for the fractionation and concentration of protein solutions. By the appropriate selection of the membrane pore size, larger soy proteins are retained and concentrated while carbohydrates and minerals are mostly recovered in the permeate. The accumulation and concentration of macromolecules in the proximity of the membrane surface generates one of the most important limitations inherent to the membrane technologies. In this work, three UF membranes based on polyethersulfone (PES) were fabricated. In two of them, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added in their formulation to be used as a fouling prevention. The membrane fouling was evaluated by the study of flux decline models based on Hermia's mechanisms.The Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Spain), through the project 2623 (PAID-05-10), funded this research.Garcia-Castello, EM.; Rodríguez López, AD.; Barredo Damas, S.; Iborra Clar, A.; Pascual-Garrido, J.; Iborra-Clar, MI. (2021). Fabrication and performance of low-fouling UF membranes for 2 the treatment of Isolated Soy Protein solutions. Sustainability. 13(24):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413682S116132