Implementación del sistema de cama profunda aérea adaptado a la fase de ceba de la producción porcina en el cantón Chone.

El propósito del proyecto integrador radica en la construcción de la instalación para cerdos de ceba en sistema de cama profunda aérea en el cantón Chone, utilizando arquitectura vernácula como medio de potenciar el uso de la caña guadúa (Caña Saccharum officinarum) con el fin de minimizar los problemas que presentan las instalaciones convencionales de pequeños y medianos porcicultores como son: infraestructuras poco técnicas, mala gestión de residuos biológicos, poco dinamismo de protocolos nutricionales, mínimos manejos de protocolos sanitarios y manejo inadecuado de los factores productivos.The purpose of the integrative project lies in the construction of the facility for fattening pigs in an aerial deep bed system in the Chone canton, using vernacular architecture as a means of promoting the use of bamboo cane (Caña Saccharum officinarum), in order to minimize the problems presented by conventional facilities for small and medium-sized pig farmers, such as: Non-technical facilities, poor management of biological waste, little dynamism of nutritional protocols, minimal management of sanitary protocols and inadequate management of productive factors. The methodologies implemented were theoretical and empirical based on seeking information on vernacular architecture that has a lot to do with sustainability and localization in the face of globalization processes. Innovation was projected on the aerial deep bed system since it allows to reduce the investment in the facilities, where the producer usually has the raw material in the agricultural production units, delivering a new model in pig production for the areas rural. In this sense, the level of ventilation in the facilities is enhanced, reducing the level of waterlogging, providing positive benefits to the animals with the management of the establishment of a technical manual for pig farmers

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data