Flood vulnerability assessment : a multiscale, multitemporal and multidisciplinary approach. Colombian case.

This article presents a research project in its first phase, whose main objective is to develop a methodology for vulnerability assessment from a multi-scale, multi-temporal and multi-disciplinary perspective, combining the use of indicators and a spatial information system to analyze exposure and vulnerability at regional and local level in specific areas

Sistema de información geográfica participativo como herramienta de diagnóstico de las condiciones de vulnerabilidad de una comunidad rural

This paper describes the development of a participatory geographic information system-PGIS, used as a diagnostic tool of the vulnerability conditions in Las Animas village, Municipality of Amalfi (Antioquia, Colombia). With synthesis maps of vulnerability developed through the analysis of different factors, was obtained a picture of the reality of the territory and community to develop aproposal to incorporating mechanisms to reduce vulnerability to natural, socio-natural and anthropic threats. The resulting proposal of using PGIS was incorporated into the development planning and disaster risk management processes by the local administration.Se describe el desarrollo de un sistema de información geográfica participativo-SIGP, empleado como herramienta de diagnóstico de las condiciones de vulnerabilidad en la Vereda Las Ánimas del Municipio de Amalfi (Antioquia-Colombia). Con los mapas de síntesis de la vulnerabilidad elaboradosa través del análisis de diferentes factores, se obtuvo una imagen de la realidad del territorio y su comunidad que sirviera para desarrollar una propuesta de incorporación de mecanismos de reducción de la vulnerabilidad ante las amenazas antrópicas, naturales y socionaturales presentes. La propuesta resultante del uso del SIGP fue incorporada en el proceso de planificación del desarrollo y de la gestión del riesgo por parte de la administración local

Enhancing equity of the post-disaster recovery governance through community data generation

Climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction policy frameworks emphasize the importance of engaging vulnerable communities in data creation and utilization to enhance resilience. Yet, empirical evidence on how capacity strengthening and community data generation can improve post-disaster recovery processes remains limited. To address this gap, this article investigates the post-disaster recovery process in the El Pacífico self-built neighborhood, located at the hillslopes of the rural-urban border of Medellín, Colombia. Utilizing participatory action research and documentation analysis, we examined documents related to the response and recovery committee (called “Mesa de Atención y Recuperación”) established following a severe flooding event. Our analysis reveals a lack of clearly defined procedures for engaging affected communities in the post-disaster efforts. However, we provide evidence that initiatives promoting equitable governance through capacity strengthening and community data generation, supported by our project, have effectively empowered community members, amplifying their voices in the negotiation with municipal authorities. These findings offer valuable insights that can inform more equitable future policies and practices in disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation with increased recognition and representation of marginalised urban residents

Assessing equity in disaster risk governance in Brazil and Colombia

Purpose Disasters continue to be most prevalent and severe for marginalised communities. To reach those furthest behind first, as the global community pledges in the 2030 Agenda, a critical assessment of equity in disaster risk governance is necessary. Yet, the understanding of factors that mediate the capacity of the governance processes to achieve equity ambitions is limited. This paper addresses this gap by proposing and testing a conceptual framework to assess equity in disaster risk governance. Design/methodology/approach The framework analyses the extent to which institutional relationships and data in risk governance support inclusion and diversity of voice and enable the equitable engagement of communities. The study applied the framework to key risk policies across governance levels in Brazil and Colombia. Findings The study finds that institutional awareness of cross-sectoral and -scalar coordination clearly exists. Yet, the engagement of actors further down the governance scale is framed reactively at all scales in both countries. The analysis of the risk data practices indicates that although data integration and sharing are key policy priorities, the policies frame the relations of disaster risk data actors as hierarchical, with data needs determined from the top down. Originality/value A key contribution of this framework is that its equity view results in a nuanced analysis, thus pointing to the differences between the two countries concerning the factors that mediate these challenges and providing specific entry points for strengthening equity in risk governance policies

Community mapping based on Milton Santos as a tool for disaster response and risk management in self-built communities: case study of El Pacífico, Medellín, Colombia

This paper aims to showcase the community mapping process that took place in the El Pacífico neighborhood in the city of Medellín, Colombia, which runs alongside the urban-rural border of the high slope of the city’s Comuna 8. The geographical and socio-economic challenges that the community has historically faced have come to light throughout the years in the form of geological hazards and disasters that have led to the destruction of several buildings in the neighborhood, threatening the community’s permanence. As these scenarios intensified, the community sought to participate in research projects with both local and international partners to better understand how to improve their disaster risk management practices. URBE Latam, which is one of these experiences, has been working to improve the neighborhood’s data generation practices, adopting the territorial definitions proposed by Milton Santos in Espaço e Método, coupled with participatory mapping strategies for disaster risk reduction during a three-year period. This has resulted in the mapping of El Pacífico and the improvement of the local grassroot organization’s territorial management practices. These maps have served as tools for the community’s empowerment when dealing with public institutions, as well as for planning and managing their own territorial agendas for the future

Sistema de información geográfica participativo como herramienta de diagnóstico de las condiciones de vulnerabilidad de una comunidad rural

This paper describes the development of a participatory geographic information system-PGIS, used as a diagnostic tool of the vulnerability conditions in Las Animas village, Municipality of Amalfi (Antioquia, Colombia). With synthesis maps of vulnerability developed through the analysis of different factors, was obtained a picture of the reality of the territory and community to develop aproposal to incorporating mechanisms to reduce vulnerability to natural, socio-natural and anthropic threats. The resulting proposal of using PGIS was incorporated into the development planning and disaster risk management processes by the local administration.Se describe el desarrollo de un sistema de información geográfica participativo-SIGP, empleado como herramienta de diagnóstico de las condiciones de vulnerabilidad en la Vereda Las Ánimas del Municipio de Amalfi (Antioquia-Colombia). Con los mapas de síntesis de la vulnerabilidad elaboradosa través del análisis de diferentes factores, se obtuvo una imagen de la realidad del territorio y su comunidad que sirviera para desarrollar una propuesta de incorporación de mecanismos de reducción de la vulnerabilidad ante las amenazas antrópicas, naturales y socionaturales presentes. La propuesta resultante del uso del SIGP fue incorporada en el proceso de planificación del desarrollo y de la gestión del riesgo por parte de la administración local

Regionalización de caudales mínimos en una región de Colombia.

Se presentan los resultados de la regionalización de los caudales mínimos medios diarios a partir de la información de estaciones en los departamentos de Caldas y Risaralda (Colombia), utilizando tres métodos. En el primer método se relacionan los estadísticos básicos (media y desviación estándar) con parámetros morfométricos. En el segundo método se relacionan los parámetros principales de la curva de recesión (Qo y k) con parámetros morfométricos. En el tercero se hallan curvas de duración regionales y se les ajusta una distribución probabilística

Degradación y mineralización del colorante rojo punzó empleando el reactivo de Fenton

Introduction. This paper introduces the use of an advanced oxidation technique to remove and mineralize the ponceau red dye, which is widely used in food industries locally, nationally and internationally. Objective. To evaluate the degradation and the mineralization of the ponceau red dye, by the use of the Fenton reagent. Materials and methods. A reagent consisting of a glass bucket which served as a reservoir for the sample and for the degradation. Additionally, an internal mixture system was installed to keep the solution homogeneous during the experimentation period, which took two (2) hours. An initial concentration of 100 mg/L of the ponceau red dye was used, and the solution to be treated was kept as a pH of 3,0. The degradation of the dye was determined by the use of UV/Visible spectrophotometry at a 505 nm. Of wavelength and the mineralization was determined by the appearing of sulfates as a by-product of the degradation at 420nm of wavelength, according with the Sulfates parameter taken from the normalized methods to analyze water and waste water. Results. The degradation and the mineralization of the ponceau red dye was achieved by the use of several combinations of the Fenton reagent. Additionally, the best percentages of removal and mineralization of the dye obtained were 97,8 and 86,2%, respectively, by means of the combination of the Fenton reaction that corresponded to 10 mg/L of Fe 3+and 0,10 %v/v of the oxidation agent hydrogen peroxide. Conclusion. The Fenton reaction is adequate to degrade and mineralize the ponceau red dye and reaches high removal and mineralization percentages of that dye.Introdução. Este trabalho apresenta o emprego de uma tecnologia de oxidação avançada para a remoção e mineralização do corante vermelho incandescente, o qual é amplamente utilizado na indústria de alimentos nos âmbitos local, nacional e internacional. Objetivo. Avaliar a degradação e mineralização do corante vermelho incandescente empregando a reação de Fenton. Materiais e métodos. Empregou-se um reator composto por uma cuba de vidro, que se utilizou como reservatório para o armazenamento da mostra problema e o lugar da reação de degradação; adicionalmente, dispôs-se de um sistema de mistura interno para manter a solução homogénea no período de experimentação, o qual foi de dois (2) horas. Utilizou-se uma concentração inicial de 100 mg/L do corante vermelho incandescente e se manteve a solução a tratar a um PH igual a 3,0. A degradação do corante se determinou mediante o emprego da espectrofotometria UV/Visível a uma longitude de onda de 505 nm, e a mineralização se determinou pela aparição de sulfatos como subproduto da degradação a uma longitude de onda de 420 nm, de acordo com o parâmetro Sulfatos, dos Métodos normalizados para a análise de águas e águas residuais. Resultados. Conseguiu-se a degradação e mineralização do corante vermelho incandescente empregando diferentes combinações de oxidação do reativo de Fenton; adicionalmente, a melhor porcentagem de remoção e mineralização obtido foi de 97,8 e 86,2%, respectivamente, do corante mediante a combinação da reação de Fenton, correspondente a 10 mg/L de Fé 3+ e 0,10 %v/v do agente oxidante peróxido de hidrogênio. Conclusão. A reação de Fenton é adequada para degradar e mineralizar o corante vermelho incandescente, e atinge elevadas percentagens de remoção e mineralização de dito corante.Introducción. Este trabajo presenta el empleo de una tecnología de oxidación avanzada para la remoción y mineralización del colorante rojo punzó, el cual es ampliamente utilizado en la industria de alimentos en los ámbitos local, nacional e internacional. Objetivo. Evaluar la degradación y mineralización del colorante rojo punzó empleando la reacción de Fenton. Materiales y métodos. Se empleó un reactor compuesto por una cuba de vidrio, que se utilizó como reservorio para el almacenamiento de la muestra problema y el lugar de la reacción de degradación; adicionalmente, se dispuso de un sistema de mezcla interno para mantener la solución homogénea en el periodo de experimentación, el cual fue de dos (2) horas. Se utilizó una concentración inicial de 100 mg/L del colorante rojo punzó y se mantuvo la solución a tratar a un pH igual a 3,0. La degradación del colorante se determinó mediante el empleo de la espectrofotometría UV/Visible a una longitud de onda de 505 nm, y la mineralización se determinó por la aparición de sulfatos como subproducto de la degradación a una longitud de onda de 420 nm, de acuerdo con el parámetro Sulfatos, de los Métodos normalizados para el análisis de aguas y aguas residuales. Resultados. Se logró la degradación y mineralización del colorante rojo punzó empleando diferentes combinaciones de oxidación del reactivo de Fenton; adicionalmente, el mejor porcentaje de remoción y mineralización obtenido fue de 97,8 y 86,2%, respectivamente, del colorante mediante la combinación de la reacción de Fenton, correspondiente a 10 mg/L de Fe 3+ y 0,10 %v/v del agente oxidante peróxido de hidrógeno. Conclusión. La reacción de Fenton es adecuada para degradar y mineralizar el colorante rojo punzó, y alcanza elevados porcentajes de remoción y mineralización de dicho colorante

La gestión comunitaria del riesgo.Justicia espacial y ambiental[1]

A successful community risk management experience is presented as part of neighborhood social construction, avoiding the conflict generated by the application of nor-mative guidelines for the territorial ordering of Medellín (Colombia), and the adverse geomorphological conditions of a hillside context. For this, an action research methodolo-gy was applied, structured from participatory popular edu-cation scenarios with a neighborhood community: El Pacífi-co, located in the upper part of Comuna 8, on the northeast slope of Medellín. Based on this proposal, a community risk management and disaster prevention plan was formulated, contemplating the identification of socio-territorial threats, risk reduction measures, and a programmatic component. Taking these results as a reference, we discuss the implica-tions of community risk management and its ability to re-duce the gap in socio-spatial inequities. In conclusion, com-munity disaster risk management, combined with popular education practices and interaction between academia, the community, social organizations, and government institu-tions, can serve as a key practice for the realization of spatial and environmental justice in the city of Medellín.Uma experiência bem-sucedida de gerenciamento de risco comunitário é apresentada como parte da construção social do bairro, evitando o conflito gerado pela aplicação de dire-trizes normativas para a ordenação territorial de Medellín (Colômbia) e as condições geomorfológicas adversas de um contexto de encosta. Para isso, foi aplicada uma metodolo-gia de pesquisa-ação, estruturada a partir de cenários par-ticipativos de educação popular com uma comunidade do bairro: El Pacífico, localizado na parte superior da Comuna 8, na encosta nordeste de Medellín. Com base nessa propos-ta, foi formulado um plano comunitário de gerenciamento de riscos e prevenção de desastres, contemplando a identi-ficação de ameaças sócio-territoriais, medidas de redução de riscos e um componente programático. Tomando esses resultados como referência, discutimos as implicações do gerenciamento de riscos da comunidade e sua capacidade de reduzir a lacuna nas desigualdades socioespaciais. Em conclusão, o gerenciamento de risco de desastre da comu-nidade, combinado com práticas de educação popular e interação entre a academia, a comunidade, organizações so-ciais e instituições governamentais, pode servir como uma prática fundamental para a realização da justiça espacial e ambiental na cidade de Medellín.El artículo presenta una experiencia de gestión comunitaria del riesgo como parte de la construcción social barrial, sorteando el conflicto generado por la aplicación de lineamientos normativos para el ordenamiento territorial de Medellín (Colombia) y las condiciones geomorfológicas adversas de un contexto de ladera. Para esto, se aplicó una metodología de investigación-acción, estructurada desde escenarios participativos de educación popular con una comunidad barrial: El Pacífico, ubicado en la parte alta de la Comuna 8, ladera nororiental de Medellín. A partir de esta propuesta, se formuló un plan de gestión comunitaria del riesgo y prevención de desastres, con-templando la identificación de amenazas de orden socioterritorial, medidas de reducción de riesgo y un componente programático. Tomando estos resulta-dos como referencia, se discuten las implicaciones de la gestión comunitaria de riesgos y su capacidad para reducir la brecha de las inequidades socioespaciales. Se concluye que la gestión comunitaria de riesgo de desastres, conjugada con la educación popular y la interacción entre academia, comunidad, organizaciones sociales e instituciones gubernamentales, puede fun-gir como práctica clave para la materialización de la justicia espacial y ambiental de la ciudad d