Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Ten golden rules for optimal antibiotic use in hospital settings: the WARNING call to action

Antibiotics are recognized widely for their benefits when used appropriately. However, they are often used inappropriately despite the importance of responsible use within good clinical practice. Effective antibiotic treatment is an essential component of universal healthcare, and it is a global responsibility to ensure appropriate use. Currently, pharmaceutical companies have little incentive to develop new antibiotics due to scientific, regulatory, and financial barriers, further emphasizing the importance of appropriate antibiotic use. To address this issue, the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery established an international multidisciplinary task force of 295 experts from 115 countries with different backgrounds. The task force developed a position statement called WARNING (Worldwide Antimicrobial Resistance National/International Network Group) aimed at raising awareness of antimicrobial resistance and improving antibiotic prescribing practices worldwide. The statement outlined is 10 axioms, or “golden rules,” for the appropriate use of antibiotics that all healthcare workers should consistently adhere in clinical practice

Morfología de los granos de polen de la familia Polygalaceae del Valle de México

The pollen morphology of the Polygalaceae of the Valley of Mexico is studied using LM and SEM, for all seven species: Monnina ciliolata DC., Polygala alba Nutt., P. appressipilis Blake, P. compacta Rose, P. myrtilloides Wild., P. mexicana Moc., and P. subalata S. Wats. Pollen grains belonging to the family do not present great differences in ornamentation, from or size at the generic or specific levels: nevertheless, the taxa studied can be divided into two groups based on furrow number. Polygala alba, P. mexicana and P. subulata all have 8 to 10, while Monnina ciliolata, P. appressipilis, P. compacta and P. mytilloides have 14 to 20. Comparing the taxonomic studies in Polygala with the present pollen study, it is observed that the species with 8 to 10 furrows correspond to subgenus Orthopolygala (subg. Polygala) and the species with 14 to 20 furrows to subgenus Hebecarpa (Blake, 1916).Se estudia al microscopio de luz y al microscopio electrónico de barrido los granos de polen de siete taxa de la familia Polygalaceae del Valle de México: Monnina ciliolata DC., Polygala alba Nutt., P. appressipilis Blake, P. compacta Rose, P. myrtilloides Wild., P. mexicana Moc. y P. subalata S. Wats. El polen de la familia a nivel genérico y específico no presenta marcadas diferencias en cuanto a ornamentación, forma y tamaño, pero dentro de los taxa estudiados se pueden separar dos grandes grupos polínicos dependiendo del número de colpos: Polygala alba, P. mexicana y P. subulata tienen de 8 a 10 y en Monnina ciliolata, P. appressipilis, P. compacta y P. mytilloides se manifiestan 14 a 20. Comparando la morfología del polen con estudios taxonómicos realizados en Polygala, se observa que las especie que tienen de 8 a 10 colpos corresponden al subgénero Orthopolygala (subg. Polygala) y las especies que presentan de 14 a 20 colpos pertenecen al subgénero Hebecarpa (Clake, 1916)

Morfolog\ua1a de los granos de polen de g‚nero Casimiroa (Rutaceae) del Valle de M‚xico. No. 4

Volume: 60Start Page: 391End Page: 39

Morfolog\ua1a de los granos de polen del g‚nero Bursera (Burseraceae) del Valle de M‚xico. No. 8

Volume: 62Start Page: 58End Page: 6

Morfologia de los granos de polen del g‚nero Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) de Chamela, Jalisco. No. 1

Volume: 61Start Page: 150End Page: 15

Morfolog\ua1a de los granos de polen de la familia Garryaceae del Valle de M‚xico. No. 7

Volume: 62Start Page: 63End Page: 6

Flora palinological del Valle de M\ue9xico

Volume: 59Start Page: 65End Page: 6