Exact solution of a generalized model for surface deposition

We consider a model for surface deposition in one dimension, in the presence of both precursor-layer diffusion and desorption. The model is a generalization that includes random sequential adsorption (RSA), accelerated RSA, and growth-and-coalescence models as special cases. Exact solutions are obtained for the model for both its lattice and continuum versions. Expressions are obtained for physically important quantities such as the surface coverage, average island size, mass-adsorption efficiency, and the process efficiency. The connection between a limiting case of the model and epidemic models is discussed

Materials Development using Levitation Techniques on Ground and in Microgravity

No abstract availabl

Mapping the Social Organization of Labour in Moscow: Beyond the Formal/informal Labour Dualism

The starting point of this paper is recognition that the depiction of a formal/informal labour dualism, which views formal and informal labour as separate and hostile realms, is inappropriate for capturing the range of labour practices in societies. This is because labour practices cannot be neatly separated into discrete formal and informal realms, the differences within the formal and informal spheres are as great as the differences between the two realms, and formal and informal labour are not always embedded in different economic relations, values and motives. Here, an alternative more nuanced conceptual lens is proposed that resolves these problems and in so doing captures the multifarious labour practices in societies, namely the total social organization of labour (TSOL) perspective. This depicts labour practices as existing along a spectrum from more formal-oriented to more informal-oriented practices and cross-cuts this with a further spectrum from non-monetized, through in-kind and reciprocal labour, to monetized labour. Applying this conceptual lens, the results of a survey of the anatomy of labour practices in an affluent, mixed and deprived district of Moscow, comprising 313 face-to-face interviews, are then analysed. This reveals that socio-spatial variations in the organisation of labour are not solely about the degree of formalization of working life. Instead, this study unravels that populations range from relatively affluent \'work busy\' populations undertaking, and voluntarily selecting from, a multiplicity of labour practices, to relatively disadvantaged \'work deprived\' populations engaged in a narrower range of practices and more commonly out of necessity and in the absence of alternatives. The outcome is call for both the wider application and refinement of this TSOL approach when mapping the social organisation of labour and evaluations of whether the findings from Moscow are more widely valid in other societal contexts.Informal Sector; Labour Practices; Livelihoods; Household Work Practices; Economic Sociology; Uneven Development; Eastern Europe; Russia; Moscow

Patient Perspectives of the Doctor-at-Home Service

Introduction. Home health care has been established as an effective model for reducing mortality in the elderly. The Doctor-at-Home Service at the Community Health Centers of Burlington (CHCB) has offered home health care to Burlington residents since January 2015. Dr. Karen Sokol, MD, alone provides care to 176 patients at their homes, including at-home palliative care. CHCB hope to expand this program by hiring more providers. Objective. To understand the impact of the Doctor-at-Home Service from the pa- tients’ perspective. Methods. A survey was administered to a cohort of eighteen patients over an 8- week period and addressed topics such as barriers to healthcare, benefits, and costs associated with doctor-at-home programs. A theme analysis on the responses was then conducted to reflect patient opinions. Available summary data describing the pa- tient population was also analyzed. Results. The Doctor- at- Home program serves patients ranging from 26 to 100 years old, with the majority of the patient population comprised of senior citizens. Prior to at home care, patients faced barriers such as lack of transportation, negative past experi- ences, anxiety, and distance from relatives. Four main themes from patient responses were physician-patient relationship, convenience, quality of care, and environment of care. Discussion. Evidence is compelling that there is a desire and need for an exten- sion of the Doctor-at-Home program to reach additional patients. Doctor-at-Home pro- grams could eliminate identified barriers and provide quality care to patients, especially those with specific barriers to access.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1256/thumbnail.jp

EulerMerge: Simplifying Euler Diagrams Through Set Merges

Euler diagrams are an intuitive and popular method to visualize set-based data. In a Euler diagram, each set is represented as a closed curve, and set intersections are shown by curve overlaps. However, Euler diagrams are not visually scalable and automatic layout techniques struggle to display real-world data sets in a comprehensible way. Prior state-of-the-art approaches can embed Euler diagrams by splitting a closed curve into multiple curves so that a set is represented by multiple disconnected enclosed areas. In addition, these methods typically result in multiple curve segments being drawn concurrently. Both of these features significantly impede understanding. In this paper, we present a new and scalable method for embedding Euler diagrams using set merges. Our approach simplifies the underlying data to ensure that each set is represented by a single, connected enclosed area and that the diagram is drawn without curve concurrency, leading to well formed and understandable Euler diagrams

Metabolic Costs of a 58-minute Multi-Intensity Exercise Session with and Without Music and Cueing

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(2): 358-365, 2020. It is unclear if the presence or absence of music and cueing influence total energy expenditure (TEE) during a multi-intensity exercise program. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between TEE with or without music and cueing during a 58-minute exercise session using heart rate estimation (HRe) and indirect calorimetry (IC). Using a randomized crossover design, 22 participants (6 males; 16 females; 27.64 ± 10.33 yrs.) were randomized into two groups (Group A = 11; Group B = 11). All participants performed the same 58-minute exercise session under two conditions: with music (WM) and without music and cueing (WOM). TEE was obtained through the Activio heart rate system for all 22 participants. TEE and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) were also obtained in a subset of eight participants (4 males; 4 females; 28.25 ± 5.9 yrs.) via IC through a ParvoMedics metabolic cart. Paired samples t-tests were performed to compare TEE between conditions using HRe and IC. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM Analytics, SPSS v24 with significance set at p\u3c 0.05. A significant difference (p= 0.008) was found between TEE WM and WOM using IC (475.74 ± 98.50 vs. 429.37 ± 121.42), but not between TEE WM and WOM using HRe (p= 2.04; 482.67 ± 151.79 vs. 452.90 ± 164.59). The presence of music and cueing increased TEE when monitored via IC, but not when measured via wearable heart rate technology. Music and cueing does aid in additional caloric expenditure

A Protocol for an economic evaluation of a polypill in patients with established or at high risk of cardiovascular disease in a UK NHS setting: RUPEE (NHS) study

Copyright © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. Introduction: The ‘Use of a Multi-drug Pill in Reducing cardiovascular Events’ (UMPIRE) trial was a randomised controlled clinical trial evaluating the impact of a polypill strategy on adherence to indicated medication in a population with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) of or at high risk thereof. The aim of Researching the UMPIRE Processes for Economic Evaluation in the National Health Service (RUPEE NHS) is to estimate the potential health economic impact of a polypill strategy for CVD prevention within the NHS using UMPIRE trial and other relevant data. This paper describes the design of a modelled economic evaluation of the impact of increased adherence to the polypill versus usual care among the UK UMPIRE participants. Methods and analysis: As recommended by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and the Society for Medical Decision Making modelling guidelines, a review of published CVD models was undertaken to identify the most appropriate modelling approach and structure. The review was carried out in the electronic databases, MEDLINE and EMBASE. 40 CVD models were identified from 57 studies, the majority of economic models were health state transition cohort models and individual-level simulation models. The findings were discussed with clinical experts to confirm the approach and structure. An individual simulation approach was identified as the most suitable method to capture the heterogeneity in the population at CVD risk. RUPEE-NHS will use UMPIRE trial data on adherence to estimate the long-term cost-effectiveness of the polypill strategy. Dissemination: The evaluation findings will be presented in open-access scientific and healthcare policy journals and at national and international conferences. We will also present findings to NHS policy makers and pharmaceutical companies

A protocol for an economic evaluation of a polypill in patients with established or at high risk of cardiovascular disease in a UK NHS setting: RUPEE (NHS) study.

INTRODUCTION: The 'Use of a Multi-drug Pill in Reducing cardiovascular Events' (UMPIRE) trial was a randomised controlled clinical trial evaluating the impact of a polypill strategy on adherence to indicated medication in a population with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) of or at high risk thereof. The aim of Researching the UMPIRE Processes for Economic Evaluation in the National Health Service (RUPEE NHS) is to estimate the potential health economic impact of a polypill strategy for CVD prevention within the NHS using UMPIRE trial and other relevant data. This paper describes the design of a modelled economic evaluation of the impact of increased adherence to the polypill versus usual care among the UK UMPIRE participants. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: As recommended by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and the Society for Medical Decision Making modelling guidelines, a review of published CVD models was undertaken to identify the most appropriate modelling approach and structure. The review was carried out in the electronic databases, MEDLINE and EMBASE. 40 CVD models were identified from 57 studies, the majority of economic models were health state transition cohort models and individual-level simulation models. The findings were discussed with clinical experts to confirm the approach and structure. An individual simulation approach was identified as the most suitable method to capture the heterogeneity in the population at CVD risk. RUPEE-NHS will use UMPIRE trial data on adherence to estimate the long-term cost-effectiveness of the polypill strategy. DISSEMINATION: The evaluation findings will be presented in open-access scientific and healthcare policy journals and at national and international conferences. We will also present findings to NHS policy makers and pharmaceutical companies