A three stage model for adsorption of nonionic surfactants

Copyright @ 1993 American Institute of Physics.A three stage model for the adsorption of nonionic surfactants is proposed which makes use of existing theory from studies of random sequential adsorption. The model is simulated and the adsorption curves are found. The theory of random sequential adsorption is used to calculate the coverage exactly at the end of each of the three stages

Responses of Hyalella azteca and Ceridaphnia dubia to reservoir sediments following Chelated Copper Herbicide Applications

In response to nuisance growths of algae and vascular plants, such as dioecious hydrilla ( Hydrilla verticillata L.f. Royle), copper formulations have been applied in lakes and reservoirs for a number of years. Concerns have arisen regarding the long-term consequences of copper applications and those concerns have appropriately focused on sediment residues. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of sediments from treated (for a decade) and untreated areas in Lake Murray, South Carolina and estimated the capacity of those sediments to bind additional copper. Two sentinel aquatic invertebrates, Hyalella azteca Saussure and Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard, were used to measure residual toxicity of treated and untreated sediments from the field and after laboratory amendments. (PDF has 5 pages.

The Revival of Climate Change Science in U.S. Courts

Science never has been the obstacle to the recognition of climate change. Since Arhennius did his original calculations in 1896, the scientific world was quite aware of the prospect that industrial-age levels of carbon dioxide pollution would result in increasing global temperatures and acidification of the world’s oceans. The brilliant—and striking—graphical display that we know today as the Keeling Curve started in 1957, and year after year it records the relentless upward march of these atmospheric pollutant loadings. Through the years, necessarily, a vast number of scientific warnings, publications, findings, and predictions would be offered to the public at large, urging action to combat climate change. The pages in this journal devoted to the issue of ocean acidification are but the latest manifestation of this relentless march of science towards more understanding and deeper appreciation of the gravity of these issues. In contrast to the slow (if erratic) march of science, the political response to climate change—particularly in the United States—has been enthusiastically absent. Even the sufferers from this political nullification policy have tipped their hats, conceding an insidious effectiveness of “just say no” tactics. There is an eerie concordance of interest between the corporate takeover of Washington, D.C. by lobbyists and the conspicuous inaction on climate change. This political denial of climate change in Washington, D.C., has endured for close to thirty years

The Revival of Climate Change Science in U.S. Courts

Science never has been the obstacle to the recognition of climate change. Since Arhennius did his original calculations in 1896, the scientific world was quite aware of the prospect that industrial-age levels of carbon dioxide pollution would result in increasing global temperatures and acidification of the world’s oceans. The brilliant—and striking—graphical display that we know today as the Keeling Curve started in 1957, and year after year it records the relentless upward march of these atmospheric pollutant loadings. Through the years, necessarily, a vast number of scientific warnings, publications, findings, and predictions would be offered to the public at large, urging action to combat climate change. The pages in this journal devoted to the issue of ocean acidification are but the latest manifestation of this relentless march of science towards more understanding and deeper appreciation of the gravity of these issues. In contrast to the slow (if erratic) march of science, the political response to climate change—particularly in the United States—has been enthusiastically absent. Even the sufferers from this political nullification policy have tipped their hats, conceding an insidious effectiveness of “just say no” tactics. There is an eerie concordance of interest between the corporate takeover of Washington, D.C. by lobbyists and the conspicuous inaction on climate change. This political denial of climate change in Washington, D.C., has endured for close to thirty years

Synthetic 26Al emission from galactic-scale superbubble simulations

© 2019 The Author(s).Emission from the radioactive trace element 26Al has been observed throughout the Milky Way with the COMPTEL and INTEGRAL satellites. In particular the Doppler shifts measured with INTEGRAL connect 26Al with superbubbles, which may guide 26Al flows off spiral arms in the direction of Galactic rotation. In order to test this paradigm, we have performed galaxy-scale simulations of superbubbles with 26Al injection in a Milky Way-type galaxy. We produce all-sky synthetic $\gamma-$ray emission maps of the simulated galaxies. We find that the 1809keV emission from the radioactive decay of 26Al is highly variable with time and the observer's position. This allows us to estimate an additional systematic variability of 0.2dex for a star formation rate derived from 26Al for different times and measurement locations in Milky Way-type galaxies. High-latitude morphological features indicate nearby emission with correspondingly high integrated gamma-ray intensities. We demonstrate that the 26Al scale height from our simulated galaxies depends on the assumed halo gas density. We present the first synthetic 1809keV longitude-velocity diagrams from 3D hydrodynamic simulations. The line-of-sight velocities for 26Al can be significantly different from the line-of-sight velocities associated with the cold gas. Over time, 26Al velocities consistent with the INTEGRAL observations, within uncertainties, appear at any given longitude, broadly supporting previous suggestions that 26Al injected into expanding superbubbles by massive stars may be responsible for the high velocities found in the INTEGRAL observations. We discuss the effect of systematically varying the location of the superbubbles relative to the spiral arms.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

A determination of the reactivity of some esters of oxalic acid with certain organic bases

Project (B.S.)--University of Kansas, Chemical Engineering, 1922. ; Includes bibliographic references

Improvement Strategies for the Design and Implementation of a Half-Day Medical Careers Exploration Program for Young Women

High quality career exploration programming has the potential to increase student self- efficacy, diversify professions, and address community job fulfillment needs. The purpose of this inquiry to analyze the implementation and design of a brief medical career exploration program for young women in order to improve the program prior to producing a program hosting guide for widespread use. The “I Look Like a Cardiologist” conference is a half-day mentoring and career exploration conference for young women interested in medicine in Western Pennsylvania. The goal of the conference is to increase student knowledge about and enthusiasm for cardiology through lectures, simulations, and mentoring sessions in order to address the underrepresentation of women within the field of cardiology by inspiring the students to more deeply consider a career in the field. Pre-conference, post-conference, and two-month post-conference Likert-scale surveys were administered, and the results analyzed. Additionally, 12 participants were interviewed, and the interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes in order to provide further feedback on conference implementation and design. The results of the quantitative and qualitative data analysis led to the creation of a program implementation guide for other medical departments looking to develop brief career exploration programs for their target populations