The political economy of Land Reform: A new perspective applied to Latin America

We define in section 1 our notion of land reform, on section 2, the most important social and political movements of land reform in Latin America are presented. On section 3 we use a theoretical model in the context of economic growth with human capital learning-by-doing to evaluate land reforms. Section 4, discusses the results. Section 5 presents some economic efficiency estimates for the “Cédula” project of 2000 in NE Brazil - a market led land bill project, sponsored by the World Bank (WB) and the Ministry of Agricultural Development (MDA). Finally, section 6 concludes, and section 7 presents the references

Political leadership change: A theoretical assessment using a human capital “learning by doing” model

We present an economic growth model with human capital, based upon Arrow (1962), in which we assess the impact of political leadership change either in governments or political parties. The change of leadership might be seen as a change in embedded human capital, and thus we might evaluate the loss or gain for society due to these political activities. The approach is theoretical using Arrowian economic setting. We formulate the conditions in which it is worth it, or how long does it take to recover from a political leadership change. The embedded process is an economic one, known as “learning by doing”, but this time applied to political processes

Lessons from the Portuguese Political-Economic Transition to the Euro (1986-1999)

We show the Portuguese transition to the euro, in the framework of political economics, by constructing a bivariate confidence index, based upon Rocha de Sousa (1998, 1999a,b, 2001). Besides we try to understand if the euro functioned as an instrument of politico-economic integration. The article has the following structure: section 1 shows the process of monetary European construction, section two illustrates the need for budget consolidation before the euro, section three illustrates the notion of monetary credibility and the construction of a bivariate politico-economic index, section four illustrates the role of ECB and of the SECB, section 5 assesses the study of euro impact on Portugal and, section 6 evaluates EMU after 10 years based upon EC (2008) and, finnally, section 7 concludes

Land reform with human capital: A new analysis using the theory of economic growth and the theory of the firm

In section 1 we refer to a historical synopsis, section 2 classifies the different land reforms using KAWAGOE (1999) typology. Afterwards we link the concepts of human capital and land reform within the theory of economic growth. In section 3 a simplified formal dynamic model of land reform based on the neoclassical theory of economic growth is introduced, following SOLOW-SWAN models. In section 4 an endogenous growth model tries to evaluate land reform in the process of economic growth, based on the ROMER (1990) model. We further try to relate the notion of convergence with successful land reform. The main conclusion of these sections is that with the neoclassical exogenous framework there is convergence between small landholders and latifundia holders. This is a successful land reform: there is a finite time horizon that allows almost landless illiterate to catch up with rich literate farmers. In the case of endogenous growth there is never convergence thus the land reform process fails. Another conclusion in the endogenous framework is that, by reverse causality, failed land reforms result from perpetuating initial differential human capital stocks. In section 5, another approach is to extend ARROW (1962) learn by doing model to evaluate land reform as a structural break (or cut-off point). A condition for land reform viability is established, creating a Possibility Set of Recovery of Human Capital (PSRHC). In section 6 we simplify the theory of the firm JOVANOVIC´s (1982) model, applying it to agricultural firms to explain birth, life and death of latifundia. We establish the date and process of land reform, as a cut-off process, in which it arises from the failure of firms. Finally, in section 7, we conclude and present in section 8 the references

A single minded European representation? From illusion and delusion to reality of a European single seat

We justify why a single seat from European members in international fora might be preferable than a multitude of seats. Leech and Leech (2005), Eichengreen (2008) proposed this reform at the IMF. Why? Even though nowadays European Union has an aggregate voting power that is higher than its’ respective (expected) share in world output or population weight; If the single seat is obtained, more coordinated expected outcomes can be achieved. This line of reasoning is compatible with the single mindedness theory created by Mulligan and Sala-I-Martin and further extended by Canegrati. Focusing in one policy gives more political power for the single European seat

Knowledge in transition in an industrial company

This research examines knowledge transition in an industrial company. This study presents findings about methods and forms of interaction and knowledge transition between organizational actors in innovation processes. Methodology is qualitative and quantitative, as the data was collected through interviews and questionnaires techniques. This study contributes to the body of knowledge about knowledge transition in innovation processes, and empirically presents the impacts of knowledge transition in several dimensions of the organization activity. Finally, the study provides directions for avenues of future research, and suggests some research questions arising out of these findings that might be explored.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Angular Momentum of the BTZ Black Hole in the Teleparallel Geometry

We carry out the Hamiltonian formulation of the three- dimensional gravitational teleparallelism without imposing the time gauge condition, by rigorously performing the Legendre transform. Definition of the gravitational angular momentum arises by suitably interpreting the integral form of the constraint equation Gama^ik=0 as an angular momentum equation. The gravitational angular momentum is evaluated for the gravitational field of a rotating BTZ black hole.Comment: 17 pages, no figures, v2: some misprints corrected, Ref.s added, Eq.s revised, submitted to General Relativity and Gravitatio