Renal Involvement in Leptospirosis: The Effect of Glycolipoprotein on Renal Water Absorption

on vasopressin (Vp) action in the guinea pig inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). Copenhageni, GLPc, n = 5); Group II, IMCD from normal guinea-pigs in the presence of GLPc (GLPc group, n = 54); Group III, IMCD from injected animals with GLPc ip (n = 8). (GLPp, non pathogenic, 250 µg) did not alter Vp action. In Group III, GLPc (250 µg) injected intraperitoneally produced a decrease of about 20% in IMCD Aquaporin 2 expression.The IMCD Pf decrease caused by GLP is evidence, at least in part, towards explaining the urinary concentrating incapacity observed in infected guinea-pigs

Determinants of losses in the latent tuberculosis cascade of care in Brazil: A retrospective cohort study

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2020-04-07T17:24:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo, N.C.N. Determinants....pdf: 1976039 bytes, checksum: ddf32d2f5cd1578d464d7953f3f141d4 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2020-04-07T18:03:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo, N.C.N. Determinants....pdf: 1976039 bytes, checksum: ddf32d2f5cd1578d464d7953f3f141d4 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-07T18:03:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo, N.C.N. Determinants....pdf: 1976039 bytes, checksum: ddf32d2f5cd1578d464d7953f3f141d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-01-17Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB). The funders had no role in study design, data extraction and analysis, the decision to publish, or the preparation of the manuscript.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, Ba, Brasil / Fundação José Silveira. Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, Ba, Brasil / Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação José Silveira. Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências. Curso de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação José Silveira. Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose. Salvador, BA, Brasil / / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, Ba, Brasil / Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências. Curso de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Salvador. Laureate Universities. Salvador, BA, Brasil.The present study evaluated factors associated with losses in the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cascade of care in contacts of tuberculosis (TB) patients, in a referral center from a highly endemic region in Brazil. Methods: Contacts of 1,672 TB patients were retrospectively studied between 2009 and 2014. Data on TB screening by clinical investigation, radiographic examination and tuberculin skin test (TST) were extracted from medical records. Losses in the cascade of care and TB incidence within 2-year follow-up were calculated. Results: From a total of 1,180 TB contacts initially identified, only 495 were examined (58% loss), and 20 were diagnosed with active TB at this stage. Furthermore, 435 persons returned for TST result interpretation and 351 (~81%) were TST positive. Among those with positive TST, 249 (73%) were treated with isoniazid for 6 months whereas 51 abandoned therapy early. Three individuals who did not receive LTBI treatment, one with incomplete treatment and another who completed treatment developed active TB. A logistic regression analysis revealed that increases in age were associated with losses in the LTBI cascade independent of other clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Conclusions: Major losses occur at initial stages and older patients are at higher risk of not completing the LTBI cascade of care

Paleogenomic insights into the red complex bacteria <i>Tannerella forsythia</i> in Pre-Hispanic and Colonial individuals from Mexico

The ‘red complex’ is an aggregate of three oral bacteria (Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola) responsible for severe clinical manifestation of periodontal disease. Here, we report the first direct evidence of ancient T. forsythia DNA in dentin and dental calculus samples from archaeological skeletal remains that span from the Pre-Hispanic to the Colonial period in Mexico. We recovered twelve partial ancient T. forsythia genomes and observed a distinct phylogenetic placement of samples, suggesting that the strains present in Pre-Hispanic individuals likely arrived with the first human migrations to the Americas and that new strains were introduced with the arrival of European and African populations in the sixteenth century. We also identified instances of the differential presence of genes between periods in the T. forsythia ancient genomes, with certain genes present in Pre-Hispanic individuals and absent in Colonial individuals, and vice versa. This study highlights the potential for studying ancient T. forsythia genomes to unveil past social interactions through analysis of disease transmission. Our results illustrate the long-standing relationship between this oral pathogen and its human host, while also unveiling key evidence to understand its evolutionary history in Pre-Hispanic and Colonial Mexico. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Insights into health and disease from ancient biomolecules'