Simulación de la Remodelación Ósea tras la Implantación de Vástagos de Cadera

La implantación de un componente protésico en el cuerpo humano supone una alteración biológica y mecánica. Esto implica reacciones de la estructura del hueso y en las partes blandas cercanas a la implantación, que pue-den derivar en problemas postoperatorios. Una de las reacciones más estudiadas y con mayor influencia en el éxito o fracaso de una prótesis es la remodelación ósea. En los últimos años, con la mejora de la computación y la imagen médica, se ha estudiado y simulado la remodelación ósea del fémur y de otros huesos. Todas las inves-tigaciones concluyen que el diseño y materiales del implante, la calidad inicial del hueso y el posicionamiento y alineación correcta durante la intervención quirúrgica, son parámetros que afectan a la remodelación ósea y pueden provocar problemas en la zona intervenida. Las zonas cercanas al implante que tengan un decremento importante de las tensiones internas óseas, sufrirán una pérdida de densidad y pueden derivar en aflojamientos del implante. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer un sistema predictivo, basado en los modelos de bajo coste compu-tacional utilizados previamente por los autores, que permita obtener datos de la futura remodelación ósea tras la implantación de una prótesis. Aunque ya existen modelos matemáticos y software informático que aplican la remodelación ósea esta propuesta pretende reducir los costes, tanto económico como temporal, para realizar una predicción rápida de las posibles alteraciones en la estructura del hueso

Descriptive Analysis of the Performance of a Vegetated Swale through Long-Term Hydrological Monitoring: A Case Study from Coventry, UK

Vegetated swales are a popular sustainable drainage system (SuDS) used in a wide range of environments from urban areas and transport infrastructure, to rural environments, sub-urban and natural catchments. Despite the fact that vegetated swales, also known as grassed swales, have received scientific attention over recent years, especially from a hydrological perspective, there is a need for further research in the field, with long-term monitoring. In addition, vegetated swales introduce further difficulties, such as the biological growth occurring in their surface layer, as well as the biological evolution taking place in them. New developments, such as the implementation of thermal devices within the cross-section of green SuDS for energy saving purposes, require a better understanding of the long-term performance of the surface temperature of swales. This research aims to contribute to a better understanding of these knowledge gaps through a descriptive analysis of a vegetated swale in Ryton, Coventry, UK, under a Cfb Köppen climatic classification and a mixed rural and peri-urban scenario. Precipitation and temperature patterns associated with seasonality effects were identified. Furthermore, a level of biological evolution was described due to the lack of periodical and planned maintenance activities, reporting the presence of both plant species and pollinators. Only one event of flooding was identified during the three hydrological years monitored in this research study, showing a robust performance

Development of a Multicriteria Scheme for the Identification of Strategic Areas for SUDS Implementation:A Case Study from Gijón, Spain

Spain has been pinpointed as one of the European countries at major risk of extreme urban events. Thus, Spanish cities pursue new urban plans to increase their resilience. In this scenario, experiences in the implementation of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) have increased substantially. Nevertheless, few cities have developed a global urban strategy for SUDS, lacking, in many cases, a method to identify strategic areas to maximize their synergetic benefits. Furthermore, there is still a need for a holistic Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) framework that considers the four pillars of SUDS design. The city of Gijón, NW Spain, has been selected as a case study due to its environmental and climatic stresses. This research presents the methodology developed for this city, which aims to analyze the need for SUDS implementation throughout the identification of strategic areas. With this aim, a combination of Geographic Information System (GIS) software and the MCDA Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) were proposed. The results show the potential for SUDS’ implementation, according to nine criteria related to the SUDS’ design pillars. We found that the areas where the implementation of SUDS would bring the greatest functional, environmental and social benefits are mainly located in consolidated urban areas

Evaluating the thermal performance of Wet Swales housing Ground Source Heat Pump elements through laboratory modelling

The authors wish to acknowledge the CAWR, Coventry University, for the administrative support; and the GITECO Research Group, University of Cantabria, for housing the laboratory experiments.Land-use change due to rapid urbanization poses a threat to urban environments, which are in need of multifunctional green solutions to face complex future socio-ecological and climate scenarios. Urban regeneration strategies, bringing green infrastructure, are currently using sustainable urban drainage systems to exploit the provision of ecosystem services and their wider benefits. The link between food, energy and water depicts a technological knowledge gap, represented by previous attempts to investigate the combination between ground source heat pump and permeable pavement systems. This research aims to transfer these concepts into greener sustainable urban drainage systems like wet swales. A 1:2 scaled laboratory models were built and analysed under a range of ground source heat pump temperatures (20–50 ºC). Behavioral models of vertical and inlet/outlet temperature difference within the system were developed, achieving high R2, representing the first attempt to describe the thermal performance of wet swales in literature when designed alongside ground source heat pump elements. Statistical analyses showed the impact of ambient temperature and the heating source at different scales in all layers, as well as, the resilience to heating processes, recovering their initial thermal state within 16 h after the heating stage

Enhancement of External Rotation after Latissimus Dorsi Tendon Transfer (LDTT): A Cadaveric Study

Background and objectives: Massive rotator cuff tears compromise shoulder mobility function and cannot be directly repaired. Latissimus dorsi tendon transfer (LDTT) is a therapeutic alternative suitable for the treatment of rotator cuff tears that helps to restore external shoulder rotation. Cadaver models have been used for studying the effects of LDTT and procedural variations, but, to the best of our knowledge, none of them have been validated. The aim of our study was to validate a novel cadaver model while verifying the effects of LDTT on external rotation. Materials and Methods: Two groups were included in the study: a cadaver group and a control group made up of healthy volunteers, which were used for the validation of the cadaver model. Baseline external rotation measurements were performed with both groups, after which a massive rotator cuff tear was inflicted and repaired with LDTT in the cadaver group. Their postoperative external rotation was evaluated using three different tests. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the baseline measurements of the two groups, and postoperative external rotation was significantly higher after LDTT in all cases but one. Conclusions: Cadaver models were validated, since they had a similar preoperative external rotation to healthy volunteers. Moreover, they allowed us to demonstrate the effect of LDTT on external shoulder rotation

Predictive Strength of Contextual and Personal Variables in Soccer Players’ Goal Orientations

Psychological variables, such as perceived motivational climate, goal orientation, self-determined motivation, and personality, have an influence on sports success performance. This study aimed to examine the relationships among a set of psychological variables (perceived motivational climate, goal orientation, self-determined motivation, and personality) in male and female footballers. Participants were 167 footballers (106 male, 61 female), aged 12 to 26, competing with clubs in the Spanish Football League. They all took four questionnaires aimed at evaluating motivational climate, goal orientations, self-determined motivation, and personality. The analyses of correlation and regression showed statistically significant relations among the variables. Neuroticism and psychoticism negatively relate to mastery motivational climate, the best predictor of self-determined motivation. It was concluded that contextual variables carry more weight in predicting goal orientations and self-determined motivation among participant footballers

Evolución del sistema de gestión de prácticas eTUTOR entre los años 2010 y 2017

Resumen de los autoresUniversidad de Oviedo. Escuela Politécnica de Ingeniería de GijónLas tecnologías de la información y comunicación han sido fundamentales en la mejora de las instituciones de educación superior. En este trabajo se presenta un caso de éxito de innovación docente con herramientas TIC (eCRONOS® y eTUTOR) para la docencia de una asignatura de primer curso de los grados de ingeniería. Los resultados de la utilización de eTUTOR han sido positivos desde su implantación, tanto para los profesores, como para los estudiantes. El análisis de los datos académicos que registra la herramienta (consultas, ritmos de aprendizaje, calificaciones parciales…) ha permitido modificar la metodología docente en el aula, tornando hacia un aprendizaje autónomo del estudiante, que se refleja en una mejora (cercana al 23%) en sus resultados académicos. En los últimos cursos del estudio se han implementado nuevos módulos al sistema eTUTOR que corrigen problemas detectados en las experiencias previas e incrementan las posibilidades de mejora de la actividad docente. Esta herramienta TIC se podría exportar a otras asignaturas de estudios técnicos y a otros ámbitos educativos donde se utilicen aulas de ordenadores.ES

Difference between Impacts of COVID-19 on Women and Men’s Psychological, Social, Vulnerable Work Situations, and Economic Well-Being

The SARS-CoV-2 virus changed social reality worldwide, affecting people’s health and work life, particularly their anxiety levels. The purpose of this study is to verify the situation of women in terms of anxiety and social determinants in Spain during the pandemic. The sample consisted of 4686 people (3500 women and 1186 men). The tools used were the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and an ad hoc questionnaire to assess the work and mental situation of the participants. The results indicate a higher rate of anxiety among women than among men and reveal a relationship between higher levels of anxiety and more vulnerable work situations in terms of higher unemployment rates, contract changes, etc. Furthermore, there was a higher percentage of women than men in the sectors where the health crisis has had a greater impact and presence, with repercussions on the physical, mental, and social health of the entire population and especially on women. It is necessary to take into account the social determinants of health, not only at the structural level, in terms of the socio-economic and political contexts, to avoid and limit the axes of inequality such as gender

Evolución del sistema de gestión de prácticas eTUTOR entre los años 2010 y 2017

Congreso Universitario de Innovación Educativa En las Enseñanzas Técnicas, CUIEET (26º. 2018. Gijón