MR405: Response of Young Black Spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) to a Mixture of Wood Ash and Secondary Papermill Sludge

A study to examine the effects of a combination of wood ash and secondary papermill sludge applied to a clearcut planted to black spruce was initiated in 1987 with the cooperation of Great Northern Paper. Objectives of the study were to assess the effects of the residuals on (1) seedling growth, (2) seedling foliar element concentrations, and (3) chemical properties of the forest floor and mineral soil. This report emphasizes growth results for 1991 through 1995 and foliar element results through 1994.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_miscreports/1023/thumbnail.jp

MR412: Wood Properties of Red Pine

This report describes important physical and mechanical properties of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and the factors that influence the variation in these properties. Some results from a recently completed study on red pine in Maine are presented to help illustrate and explain some of the more important concepts and relationships. In addition to studies specific to red pine, important findings on other conifers are presented for comparison with red pine and to provide a more comprehensive review of conifer wood properties. The studies on the other coniferous species help to highlight the sources of wood property variation. With the current emphasis on intensive management and shortened rotations, forest managers must give increased attention to the factors that affect wood properties and ultimately the suitability of the wood for intended uses.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_miscreports/1020/thumbnail.jp

TB149: Wood Property-Age Relationships of Natural and Plantation-Grown Red Pine

This study examined changes in specific gravity, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity with age for a natural stand and two plantations. It also examined differences in wood properties between the three stands and the effects of important variables on, and their interactions with, wood properties. Wood property data were obtained from microbending specimens selected at breast height from five trees in each stand.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1049/thumbnail.jp

TB141: Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Growth and Value of Eastern White Pine Sawlog Stands on Till and Outwash Soils

Diameter growth response functions were developed using data collected from nitrogen fertilization study plots in eastern white pine stands on till and outwash soils. These functions were combined with height measurements and used to evaluate stand volume and value growth. White pine diameter growth functions were developed for application rates of 0, 50, 100, and 200 lb of nitrogen/ac, but only those for the 0 and 100 lb/ac treatments were compared because it was evident that the 100 lb/ac treatment would provide a larger financial return than either 50 or 200 lb/ac. The mean increase in sawtimber volume due to fertilization with 100 lb of N/ac was 1,226 bd ft/ac for stands on the till soils and 775 bd ft/ac for stands on the outwash soils. Increases in studwood volume were 293 and 172 bd ft/ac, respectively. The average stand value increase due to fertilization, with a sawtimber price of $100/thousand bd ft and a studwood price of$50/thousand bd ft, was $135/ac on the till soils and$87/ac on the outwash soils.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1199/thumbnail.jp

TB125: Fertilization of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) in Maine Shows Economic Potential

Plots in seven eastern white pine sawlog stands were treated with nitrogen at rates of 0, 56, 112, and 224 kg/ha. After four years the largest increase in basal area growth, 0.31 dm2 /tree, and volume growth, 13.0 m3 /ha, occurred in plots that received 112 kg/ha. It appears that an application rate of 112 kg/ha may provide a real return of 15% or more in some stands.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1061/thumbnail.jp

Defined contribution pension plans : can the real estate industry tap this growing pool of capital?

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1997 [first author]; and, Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1996 [second author].Includes bibliographical references.by Robert L. Johnson, Jr. & Peter R. Shepard.M.S

TB152: The Effect of Juvenile Wood on the Properties of Aspen Flakeboard

While the effects of juvenile wood tissue on solid wood products and paper have been known for some time, little information is available regarding its influence on structural flakeboard. Juvenile and mature wood tissue were identified b y their physical and mechanical properties in quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Sections of juvenile and mature wood were separated from 1-foot bolts of aspen. These sections were used to prepare three distinct types of structural flakeboard : juvenile wood-based, mature wood-based, and one formed from an equal mixture of the two. The panels were tested for selected mechanical and physical properties. The juvenile wood-based panels performed significantly better than the mature wood-based in respect to modulus of rupture, thickness swell, and water absorption, while also exhibiting somewhat higher values for modulus of elasticity, internal bond strength, compressive shear strength, and linear expansion. The panels made with a mixture of the two types of flakes did not display some of the poorer characteristics of the mature wood panels.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1052/thumbnail.jp

Study and Simulation of Enhancements for TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) Performance Over Noisy, High-Latency Links

The designers of the TCP/IP protocol suite explicitly included support of satellites in their design goals. The goal of the Internet Project was to design a protocol which could be layered over different networking technologies to allow them to be concatenated into an internet. The results of this project included two protocols, IP and TCP. IP is the protocol used by all elements in the network and it defines the standard packet format for IP datagrams. TCP is the end-to-end transport protocol commonly used between end systems on the Internet to derive a reliable bi-directional byte-pipe service from the underlying unreliable IP datagram service. Satellite links are explicitly mentioned in Vint Cerf's 2-page article which appeared in 1980 in CCR [2] to introduce the specifications for IP and TCP. In the past fifteen years, TCP has been demonstrated to work over many differing networking technologies, including over paths including satellites links. So if satellite links were in the minds of the designers from the beginning, what is the problem? The problem is that the performance of TCP has in some cases been disappointing. A goal of the authors of the original specification of TCP was to specify only enough behavior to ensure interoperability. The specification left a number of important decisions, in particular how much data is to be sent when, to the implementor. This was deliberately' done. By leaving performance-related decisions to the implementor, this would allow the protocol TCP to be tuned and adapted to different networks and situations in the future without the need to revise the specification of the protocol, or break interoperability. Interoperability would continue while future implementations would be allowed flexibility to adapt to needs which could not be anticipated at the time of the original protocol design