The Market for Television Advertising: Model and Evidence

We provide a model of television advertising based on an explicit characterization of an advertisement's contribution to an advertiser's profits that suggests that each program faces a downward sloping demand for its ad time. Hence Fournier and Martin's (1983) "law of one price" does not hold in our model. We study these contrasting arguments about television advertising by examining the pricing of broadcast network advertising. In conducting this empirical examination we encounter and solve a severe multicollinearity problem. We conclude that the evidence supports the advertising model presented in this paper and demonstrates segmentation between cable and broadcast viewers in the national television advertising market.broadcast, cable, market segmentation, multicollinearity,

Optimisation of a diamond nitrogen vacancy centre magnetometer for sensing of biological signals

Sensing of signals from biological processes, such as action potential propagation in nerves, are essential for clinical diagnosis and basic understanding of physiology. Sensing can be performed electrically by placing sensor probes near or inside a living specimen or dissected tissue using well established electrophysiology techniques. However, these electrical probe techniques have poor spatial resolution and cannot easily access tissue deep within a living subject, in particular within the brain. An alternative approach is to detect the magnetic field induced by the passage of the electrical signal, giving the equivalent readout without direct electrical contact. Such measurements are performed today using bulky and expensive superconducting sensors with poor spatial resolution. An alternative is to use nitrogen vacancy (NV) centres in diamond that promise biocompatibilty and high sensitivity without cryogenic cooling. In this work we present advances in biomagnetometry using NV centres, demonstrating magnetic field sensitivity of approximately 100 pT/$\sqrt{Hz}$ in the DC/low frequency range using a setup designed for biological measurements. Biocompatibility of the setup with a living sample (mouse brain slice) is studied and optimized, and we show work toward sensitivity improvements using a pulsed magnetometry scheme. In addition to the bulk magnetometry study, systematic artifacts in NV-ensemble widefield fluorescence imaging are investigated

Optimisation of a diamond nitrogen vacancy centre magnetometer for sensing of biological signals

Sensing of signals from biological processes, such as action potential propagation in nerves, are essential for clinical diagnosis and basic understanding of physiology. Sensing can be performed electrically by placing sensor probes near or inside a living specimen or dissected tissue using well established electrophysiology techniques. However, these electrical probe techniques have poor spatial resolution and cannot easily access tissue deep within a living subject, in particular within the brain. An alternative approach is to detect the magnetic field induced by the passage of the electrical signal, giving the equivalent readout without direct electrical contact. Such measurements are performed today using bulky and expensive superconducting sensors with poor spatial resolution. An alternative is to use nitrogen vacancy (NV) centres in diamond that promise biocompatibilty and high sensitivity without cryogenic cooling. In this work we present advances in biomagnetometry using NV centres, demonstrating magnetic field sensitivity of approximately 100 pT/$\sqrt{Hz}$ in the DC/low frequency range using a setup designed for biological measurements. Biocompatibility of the setup with a living sample (mouse brain slice) is studied and optimized, and we show work toward sensitivity improvements using a pulsed magnetometry scheme. In addition to the bulk magnetometry study, systematic artifacts in NV-ensemble widefield fluorescence imaging are investigated

Optimization of a Diamond Nitrogen Vacancy Centre Magnetometer for Sensing of Biological Signals

Sensing of signals from biological processes, such as action potential propagation in nerves, are essential for clinical diagnosis and basic understanding of physiology. Sensing can be performed electrically by placing sensor probes near or inside a living specimen or dissected tissue using well-established electrophysiology techniques. However, these electrical probe techniques have poor spatial resolution and cannot easily access tissue deep within a living subject, in particular within the brain. An alternative approach is to detect the magnetic field induced by the passage of the electrical signal, giving the equivalent readout without direct electrical contact. Such measurements are performed today using bulky and expensive superconducting sensors with poor spatial resolution. An alternative is to use nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond that promise biocompatibilty and high sensitivity without cryogenic cooling. In this work we present advances in biomagnetometry using NV centers, demonstrating magnetic field sensitivity of ∼100 pT/√Hz in the DC/low frequency range using a setup designed for biological measurements. Biocompatibility of the setup with a living sample (mouse brain slice) is studied and optimized, and we show work toward sensitivity improvements using a pulsed magnetometry scheme. In addition to the bulk magnetometry study, systematic artifacts in NV-ensemble widefield fluorescence imaging are investigated

Seed size relationships in kleingrass, Panicum coloratum L

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to [email protected], referencing the URI of the item.Not availabl

Free Cash Flow and Stockholder Gains in Going Private Transactions Revisited

Lehn and Poulsen (1983) are frequently cited as providing evidence supporting the applicability of Jensen's (1986) 'free cash flow' hypothesis to going private transactions. The paper re-examines the Lehn and Poulsen data and arrives at different inferences about the applicability of Jensen's 'free cash flow' hypothesis to their sample. First, I find that neither the level of a public corporation's pre-transaction 'free cash flows' nor its prior growth rate are significant determinants of its probability of going private. Second, I find a firm's size and its potential for reducing taxes, rather than its pre-transaction level of 'free cash flows', are significant determinants of the premium paid to take it private. And finally, comparing their 1980-1983 subsample to their 1984-1987 subsample reveals that firms that went private during the 1984-1987 period demonstrate a greater incidence of prior takeover interest, lower prior tax burdens, and slower prior growth than firms that went private during the 1980-1983 period: all of which supports Kaplan and Stein's (1993) overheated buyout market hypothesis. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1998.