17 research outputs found
A biomimetic receptor for glucose
- Author
- A Basu
- Anthony P. Davis
- AP Davis
- AP Davis
- B Sookcharoenpinyo
- C Ke
- D Solis
- E Klein
- E Persch
- EA Kataev
- EA Meyer
- EJ Toone
- EM Peck
- FA Quiocho
- FQ Zhao
- G Hennrich
- GV Oshovsky
- Hongyu Li
- IV Kolesnichenko
- J Shoham
- JL Asensio
- Johnathan V. Matlock
- Laurent Chabanne
- M Ambrosi
- M Mazik
- Matthew P. Crump
- Michael G. Orchard
- NP Barwell
- O Francesconi
- P Rios
- P Rios
- Q Wu
- Robert A. Tromans
- T Schrader
- TD James
- TJ Mooibroek
- Tom S. Carter
- X Ma
- XL Sun
- Y Ferrand
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome
- Author
- . Haifeng
- . Magner
- . Yin
- Abbott Scott
- Abbott-Ozersky Amanda
- Abdellah Zahra
- Abouelleil Amr
- Abrajano Anne
- Adachi Tamami
- Adam Catherine
- Adams Charles Q.
- Adamson Aaron
- Adekoya Emmanuel
- Adio-Oduola Babajide
- Aerts Andrea
- Aggarwal Arun
- Ahmadi Alireza
- Ahmed Shahana
- Aimable Matthew
- Ainscough Rachael
- Ait-Zahra Mostafa
- Aizu Tomoyuki
- Alcivare Dana
- Alegria Michelle
- Ali Alla
- Ali Johar
- Allegria-hartmann Michelle
- Alleman Jennifer
- Allen Carlana C.
- Allen Heather
- Allen Nicole R.
- Allen Susan
- Allen Thaddeus
- Almeida Jeff
- Almond Claire
- Alsbrooks Stephen L.
- Altherr Michael R.
- Amaratunge Harshinie C.
- Ambler Andrew
- Ambrose Karen
- Ambrose Kerrie
- Amemiya Chris
- Amico-Keller Gina
- Amin Amita G.
- Anderson Mechele
- Anderson Scott
- Anderson Scott
- Andora Janice
- Andredesz Carol
- Andrew Robert
- Andrews Dan
- Andrews Daniel
- Andrews Neil
- Andrews Stephanie
- Andriese Tim
- Anthouard Véronique
- Antonarakis Stylianos E.
- Anyalebechi Vivian
- Aoki Norie
- Apostolou Sinoula
- Apweiler Eva
- Arachchi Harindra
- Arai Rie
- Arbery Hazel
- Arcaina Marlon
- Arcaina Terisita
- Archer Beth
- Arellano Andre
- Arellano-Jones Perry
- Armbruster Jeff
- Armstrong Jon
- Arredondo Dilrukshi P.
- Arredondo Heather Hope
- Artiguenave François
- Asakawa Shuichi
- Asakawa Teruyo
- Ash Gareth
- Ashcroft Kevin
- Ashurst Jennifer
- Ashwell Robert
- Ashworth Linda K.
- Aslanidis Cara
- Asomugha Chinwe O.
- Asuncion Lawreen
- Atkin Deborah
- Atkinson Andrea
- Atkinson Barry
- Attix Cristina
- Attwood John
- Aubin Keith
- Auger Katherine
- Austin Shannon Michelle
- Avila Aaron
- Avis Terry
- Ayele Mulu
- Babayan Primo
- Babbage Anne
- Babbage Sarah
- Bach Phil
- Bachatsang Pasang
- Bacon Joanne
- Badri Hummy
- Baertsch Robert
- Bagguley Claire
- Bailey Jonathan
- Bajorek Eva
- Baker Andrew
- Baker Dan
- Baker M.
- Baker Richard
- Bakis Michele
- Baldwin Jennifer
- Banda Michael
- Banerjee Ruby
- Bao Jingyue
- Bao Qiyu
- Bao Weidong
- Bao Weidong
- Baptiste Pertrice
- Barbaria Joseph A.
- Barbe Valérie
- Bardill Simon
- Barker Daniel
- Barker Darren
- Barker Gary
- Barlow Karen
- Baron Laurent
- Barrett Anika
- Bartlett Rebecca
- Basham Victoria
- Bashman David
- Basu Suba
- Bateman Alex
- Bates Karen
- Battles John
- Batzer Mark
- Baumgart Cornelia
- Baumohl Jason
- Baynes Caroline
- Bayul Tashi
- Beall Keith
- Beard Lisa
- Beard Susan
- Beare David
- Beasley Alastair
- Beasley Helen
- Beasley Oliver
- Beaucham Leslie
- Beaudet Arthur
- Beck Alfred
- Beck Stephen
- Becker Michael
- Bell Emma
- Bell George I.
- Bellard Terell M.
- Bellerby Damian
- Bellerby Tristram
- Belter Edward A., Jr.
- Bemrose Richard
- Benard Michael Anthony
- BenKahla Alia
- Benke J
- Benner William
- Bennett James
- Bensasson Douda
- Bentley Andrew
- Bentley Dan
- Bentley David
- Berardinis Véronique de
- Bercovitz John
- Berghoff Amy
- Bergmann Anne
- Berkowicz Nicolas
- Berks Mary
- Berks Michael
- Bethel Graeme
- Beugelsdijk Tony J.
- Bhakta Rita
- Bhuchar Venita
- Bi Shihua
- Bian Xuemeng
- Bieri Tamberlyn
- Bimage Kesha E.
- Bird Christine
- Birditt Brian
- Birney Ewan
- Birney Ewan
- Birren Bruce
- Bissell Helen
- Biswalo Kaneza
- Bituin Aleksandr
- Black Stacey
- Blackburne-Maze Suzanne
- Blair Jessica Anne
- Blakey Sarah
- Blanks Tia
- Blasiar Darin
- Blazej Robert
- Blitshsteyn Berta
- Blomstrom David B.
- Bloom Scott
- Bloom Toby
- Blumer Heather
- Blye Jason
- Blyth Peter R.
- Blöcker Helmut
- Boatright Elizabeth
- Boehm John
- Boen Juanan
- Boguslavskiy Leonid
- Bolton Christel
- Bolund Lars
- Bondoc Marnel
- Bonfield James
- Bonnett Ralph
- Bonnin David
- Border Richard
- Borowsky Mark
- Borzym Katja
- Boukhgalter Boris
- Bowen Eric
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradshaw-Cordum Holly
- Brady Nicola
- Brandriff Brigitte F.
- Brannon Wade
- Branscomb Elbert
- Bray Jason
- Bray-Allen Sarah
- Brettin Thomas
- Bridgeman Anne
- Bridgers Michael
- Brimhall Angela K.
- Brokstein Peter
- Brook Jonathan
- Brooking Shane
- Brottier Philippe
- Brown Andrew
- Brown Clive
- Brown Jacqui
- Brown Margaret
- Brown Mary
- Brown Mary J.
- Brown Michael
- Brown Nancy C.
- Bruce David D.
- Bruce Robert
- Bruno William J.
- Bruskiewich Richard
- Bryant Jackie
- Bryant Jennifer E.
- Bryant Nathaniel P.
- Brüls Thomas
- Buatsi Delali
- Buck David
- Buckingham Judith M.
- Buckle Veronica
- Buczek Donald
- Budd Claire
- Buhay Christian J.
- Bulbul Kerem
- Buller Sarah
- Bunker Nathan
- Burberry Jill
- Burch Paula Ellen
- Burford Deborah
- Burgess Joanne
- Burgin Matt
- Burkett Carrie E.
- Burkhart-Schultz Karolyn
- Burrell Kevin L.
- Burrill Wayne
- Burrows Christine
- Burton Christine
- Burton John
- Butcher Phil
- Butler Adam
- Butler Jon
- Butler Paul
- Caenepeel Sean
- Cahill Patrick
- Cai Tianjing
- Cai Zhen
- Cairns Murray
- Calderon Eliana
- Callen David F.
- Camarata Jody
- Camire David
- Camm Nick
- Campbell Christopher
- Campbell Connie S.
- Campbell Evelyn W.
- Campbell Mary I.
- Campbell Mary L.
- Campo Kevin
- Canning Bruno
- Cao Ting
- Cao Yuzhu
- Caoile Chenier
- Cardenas Faviola
- Cardenas Lolo
- Cardenas Veronica
- Carder Carol
- Carder Paul
- Carpenter Kelly
- Carrano Anthony V.
- Carriere Jason
- Carter Jason
- Carter Kelvin
- Carter Nigel
- Caruso Lauren
- Casias Kristal
- Cattolico Laurence
- Cavanna Tamara
- Cavazos Iracema
- Cavazos Sandra R.
- Ceasar Heather
- Cedroni Maria
- Cepeda Mario
- Chacko Joseph
- Chain Patrick
- Chalk Shani
- Challacombe Jean F.
- Chan Ka
- Chan Sheryl N.
- Chan Yee Man
- Chang Jean L.
- Chapman Jarrod
- Chapman Joanna
- Chapple Jeffrey
- Charles Rachel
- Chasteen Leslie A.
- Chavarria Simeon
- Chazaro Bruno
- Chen Baoxian
- Chen Bin
- Chen Chira
- Chen Chong
- Chen Chong
- Chen Chun-Nan
- Chen Cong
- Chen Ellson
- Chen Hsiu-Chuan
- Chen Jianlong
- Chen Jie
- Chen Jin
- Chen Junbao
- Chen Lihong
- Chen Lixia
- Chen Ray
- Chen Shu
- Chen Tong
- Chen Xiaoyun
- Chen Xinyi
- Chen Yanjiong
- Chen Yiyu
- Chen Zhu
- Chen Zhu
- Chen Zhu
- Cheng Jan-Fang
- Cheng Zhihua
- Chertkov Olga
- Cheshatsang Yama
- Chi Cheng
- Chi Han C.
- Chillingworth Neil
- Chin Sylvia
- Chinn Corey
- Chinwalla Asif
- Chissoe Stephanie
- Chiu Sally
- Chothia Tom
- Christensen Mari
- Christopoulos Constantine
- Chu Joseph
- Chui Connie
- Chung A
- Cinkowsky Michael J.
- Citroen Mieke
- Clack Rob
- Clamp Michele
- Clark Anthea
- Clark Graham
- Clark Kevin
- Clark Lynn
- Clark Lynn M.
- Clark Richard
- Clark Sarah
- Clark Sue
- Clarke Adrian
- Clarke Betty
- Clarke Eddie
- Clarke Kay
- Clarke Laura
- Clawson Hiram
- Clee Chris
- Clegg Shelia
- Clerc Blankenburg Kerstin Petra
- Cleveland David
- Clifford Karen
- Clifton Sandra W.
- Coates Julia
- Cobley Victoria
- Cockrell Raynard
- Coffey Alison
- Cofield Jackie
- Coggill Penelope
- Cohn Judith D.
- Colayco Rick
- Cole Lotte
- Collier Rachael
- Collings Simon
- Collins Francis S.
- Collins John
- Collins Philip
- Collymore Al
- Colman Louise
- Combs Jessie
- Comstock Robin
- Cong Bin
- Conner Richard
- Connolly Anthony
- Connolly Karen
- Conquer Jennie
- Conrad Ansgar
- Conroy Donald
- Considine Tony
- Constance Doug
- Cook April
- Cook Leanna
- Cooke Patrick
- Cooper Jonathan
- Cooper Rachel
- Cooper Robert
- Copeland Alex
- Coppola Maria
- Copsey Teresa
- Corby Nicole
- Cordes Matt
- Cordray Rebecca
- Cornell Christine
- Cornell Earl
- Cornell Linda
- Cornell Ruth
- Corum Ben
- Cottage Amanda
- Cotton Sara
- Coulson Alan
- Couronne Olivier
- Courtney Laura P.
- Coville Gez
- Cox Anthony
- Cox Caroline D.
- Cox Tony
- Coxhill Robert
- Coyle Marcus D.
- Craig Matthew
- Crane Tom
- Crawford Amanda L.
- Crawley Matt
- Cree Andrew
- Crespeau Hervé
- Crew Victor
- Critchlow Terrance
- Critz Paul
- Cruaud Corinne
- Cuff James
- Cui Hongjuan
- Cui Jinhui
- Cui Peng
- Cui Peng
- Culley Karl
- Cummings Auli
- Cummings Kirsti
- Cummings Paul
- Cummings Stephanie
- Cuomo Christina A.
- Curran Adam
- Curwen Valery
- Cutts Jeffrey
- Czubayko Martin
- D\u27Souza Lisa Marie
- Da Silva Corinne
- Dai Li
- Dalin Eillen
- Dang Michelle
- Danganan Linda
- Daniels Rachael
- Dathorne Stephanie R.
- Daum Christopher
- David Robert
- Davidson Lucy
- Davidson Stuart
- Davies Jonathon
- Davies Joy
- Davies Nicholas
- Davies Robert
- Davila Mary Louise
- Davis Candi Mon\u27et
- Davis Cheryl
- Davis Clay
- Davis Jayne
- Davis John
- Davis Matthew
- Davy-Carroll Latarsha
- Dawoe Tenzin
- Dawson Elisabeth
- De Anda Claudia
- De Latorre Andrea
- Deadman Rebecca
- Dean Peter
- Dear Simon
- Dearden Frances
- DeArellano Kurt
- Deaven Larry I.
- Deaven Larry L.
- Deere Kerry
- DeGray Stewart
- Degusta David
- Deguzman Maria
- Dehal Paramvir
- Delgado Marcos
- Delgado Oliver
- Delhaunty Kimberley
- Deloukas Panos
- Deng Yajun
- Dennis Janet
- Denson Shawn
- Denys Mirian
- Deramo Christine
- Desai Anu
- Detter John C.
- Devlin Laurie
- Dewar Ken
- Dhami Pawandeep
- Dhongsar Chemey
- Dias Jennifer
- Dias Victoria
- Dibartolo Genevieve
- Dibling Catherine
- Dickson Mark
- Diekhans Mark
- Dietz-Band Jeanne
- Digennaro Richard
- Dilts Karen
- Dimitrijevic-Bussod Mira
- Ding Hao
- Ding Keyue
- Ding Li
- Ding Yan
- Dinh Huyen H.
- Dixon Kami
- Do Long
- Dobbs Ruth
- Dobson Richard
- Dockree Catherine
- Doddington Daniel
- Dodsworth Steven
- Doggett Norman
- Doggett Norman A.
- Dong Hui
- Dong Kimberly
- Dong Wei
- Dong Wei
- Dong Xiaojia
- Donlin Jeremy E.
- Dooley Kathy
- Dooling David
- Dorje Passang
- Dorjee Kunsang
- Dorris Lester
- Dorsett Victor
- Doucette-Stamm Lynn
- Douthwaite Karen J.
- Down Thomas
- Draper Heather
- Du Feiyu
- Du Hui
- Du Yutao
- Duarte Suzanne
- Dubchak Inna
- Duffy Noah
- Dugan-Rocha Shannon
- Dunham Andrew
- Dunham Ian
- Dunn Adam M.
- Dunn Anne
- Dunn Matthew
- Dunwell Erin
- Dupes Alan
- Durbin Kenneth J.
- Durbin Richard
- Durham Jillian
- Dutta Ireena
- Dwyer Ruth
- Dyer Lauren
- Dziuda Darius
- Earnhardt Christopher D.
- Earthrowl Mark
- Eastham Emma
- Eastham Timothy
- Eaves Kristy A.
- Eckenberg Ralph
- Edgar Darren
- Edionwe Susan Omwanghe Osayanro
- Edwards Carol
- Edwards Jennifer
- Edwards Karen
- Egan Amy
- Eichler Evan
- Eichler Evan
- Ejima Fumio
- Elkin Chris
- Ellington Andrew
- Elliot David
- Elliot Glendoria
- Elliot Jeffrey
- Ellwood Matthew
- Emberson Becky
- Emelianenko Natalia
- Emery-Cohen Alexandra J.
- Endrizzi Matthew
- Engh Ger van den
- Engle David
- Erickson Jeffery
- Erler Anne Marie
- Errington Helen
- Escobar Julio
- Escotto Michael
- Eugene Craig S.
- Evans Gareth
- Evans John
- Evans Katie
- Evans Richard
- Eveleth Gerald
- Eyras Eduardo
- Fan Hongyuan
- Fan Keke
- Fang Jianqiu
- Farina Abderrahim
- Faro Susan
- Faulkner Louisa
- Fawcett Joseph J.
- Fechtel Kim
- Fellingham Charlotte
- Felming Claire
- Felsenfeld Adam
- Feltwell Theresa
- Feng Guodong
- Feng Haiyan
- Feng Jie
- Feng Xiaoli
- Fennell Stephen
- Ferguson Alicia
- Fernandez Sonia
- Fernandez-Suarez Xose
- Fernando Pushpa Ranjani
- Ferriera Pat
- Fertitta Anne
- Fey Jim
- Fidel Patrick
- Fields Elizabeth
- Fink Marie
- Finley Maria C.
- Finn Robert
- Fischer Heather
- Fischer Laurice
- Fisher Shelia
- Fitch Pat
- Fitzgerald Mike
- Flack Tina
- Flagg Nicole
- Flanagan J.
- Fleming Kerry
- Flint Jonathan
- Flint Mark
- Flowers Dave
- Floyd Yvonne
- Foley Karen
- Folta Peg
- Fong Jonathan
- Fonknechten Núrua
- Footman Simon
- Forbes Lisa D.
- Ford Amanda F.
- Foster Myre J.
- Fotopulos Dea
- Fourcade Matthew
- Fowler John
- Fox Jessica
- Frame Deborah
- Francis Matthew
- Francis Stephen
- Frankel Ken
- Frankish Adam
- Frankland John
- Fraser Audrey
- Fraser David
- Frazier Marvin
- French Lisa
- Fricker David
- Fridlyand Jane
- Fronick Catrina
- Frost Carole
- Frost Daniel
- Frost Jackie
- Frost Lorna
- Fu Gang
- Fu Gang
- Fu Gang
- Fu Qiushi
- Fujioka Michiru
- Fujiyama Asao
- Fukawa Rintaro
- Fuller Liam
- Fuller Sharin
- Fullerton Kathryn
- Fulton Lucinda A.
- Fulton Robert S.
- Furey Terrence S.
- Furuhashi Mie
- Förste Silke
- Gabisi Abdul M.
- Gage Diane
- Gaige Tony
- Galgoczy Petra
- Gallegos Celsa
- Galvez Michael
- Gammon Stuart
- Gao Anwu
- Gao Jimei
- Gao Quan
- Gao Yang
- Gao Yimei
- Garcia Carmen
- Garcia Emilio
- Garcia Marvin
- Garcia Ricardo M, III
- Garcia-Martinez Antonio
- Gardner Alison
- Gardner Alison
- Garduno Consuelo
- Gardyna Steph
- Garner Patrick
- Garner Toni T.
- Garnes Jeffrey A.
- Garnett Jane
- Garza Melissa
- Gatewood Joseph M.
- Gatland Leigh
- Gatland Lindsay
- Gattung Stacie
- Gay Laura
- Gearin Gary
- Gebreyesus Binyam
- Gelein Cynthia
- Gelpke Maartin
- Gench Stephanie L.
- Geng Jianing
- Georgescu Anca
- Geotina Amy
- Ghori Jilur
- Ghose Sayantan
- Gibbs Ben
- Gibbs Richard A.
- Gibson Diane
- Gibson Elizabeth
- Gifford Mary
- Gil Isaias
- Gilbert James
- Gilby Lisa
- Gill Rachel
- Gillet Will
- Gillson Christopher
- Gilna Paul
- Gimmel Verena
- Gingrich Jeff
- Giovanelli Kira
- Glavina Tijana
- Glithero Rebecca
- Glöckner Gernot
- Gnerre Sante
- Gnirke Andreas
- Gold Darren
- Golinveaux Kristen
- Gomez Maria
- Gong Guanghui
- Gong Jinying
- Gonzales Eidelyn
- Gonzalez Guillermo B.
- Gooderham April
- Goodstadt Leo
- Goodstein David
- Goodwin Lynne A.
- Gordon Catherine
- Gordon Laurie A.
- Gordon Seth
- Gorton Matthew
- Gorvad Ann
- Gould Christine
- Goyea Ernest
- Goyette Audra
- Grady Deborah I.
- Grady Michelle L.
- Grafham Darren
- Graham Joe
- Grandbois Edward
- Grant Jennifer
- Grant Michael
- Grant Susan
- Graves Tina A.
- Gray Bruce
- Gray Emma
- Gray Lain
- Green Lisa
- Greenhalgh James
- Greenhill Joe
- Gregg Philippa
- Gregory Simon
- Grewal Nennu
- Gribble Susan
- Griffith Jeffrey K.
- Griffiths Coline
- Griffiths Ed
- Griffiths Mark
- Griffiths-Jones Sam
- Grigoriev Igor
- Grimwood Jane
- Grocock Russell
- Groza Matthew
- Gu Jingli
- Gu Jun
- Gu Jun
- Gu Wenyi
- Gu Wenyi
- Gu Xiaochang
- Guan Qiaoning
- Guarin Hannibal
- Guel Metzalli
- Guerra William
- Guevara Whitney V.
- Gui Qi
- Gunaratne Preethi
- Gunning Kate
- Guo Daorong
- Guo Jane
- Guo Lili
- Gustafson Erik
- Guthrie Ian
- Guyer Mark
- Gwilliam Rhian
- Gyaltsen Kunsang
- Gyapay Gábor
- Görlich Yvonne
- Ha Chi
- Hafez Nabil
- Haglund Krista
- Hagopian Daniel
- Hagos Birhane
- Haim Allen
- Hajek Patrick
- Hall Brett Lynn
- Hall Brittany
- Hall Jennifer
- Hall Rebekah
- Hall-Tamly Gretta
- Halls Karen
- Hallsworth-Pepin Kym
- Hamada Junko
- Hamilton Cerissa
- Hamilton Keelan A.
- Hamilton Matt
- Hamlett John
- Hamlett John
- Hammon Nancy
- Hammond Martin
- Hammond Sha
- Hammond Sian
- Hamza Khalid
- Han Guiqing
- Han Shunsheng
- Han Xurong
- Hanak Vincent A.
- Hancock Julie
- Harbes Brandy A.
- Harding Adam
- Harkins C. Richard
- Harley Joanne
- Harper David
- Harper Georgina
- Harper Patrik
- Harradence Grant
- Harris Anthony
- Harrison Charlene-Lou
- Harrison Elliot
- Harrison Ruth
- Hart Elizabeth
- Hasegawa Tomoko
- Hashimoto Etsuko
- Hashimoto Wakako
- Hassan Daniel
- Hatcher Beath
- Hattori Masahira
- Haugen Eric
- Haussler David
- Havlak Paul
- Hawes Alicia C.
- Hawkins Ebere Sylvia Onyirioha
- Hawkins Natalie
- Hawkins Trevor
- Hawley Kellie
- Haydu Lauren
- Hayes Kerry
- He Fengying
- He Jiaying
- He Lin
- Heaford Andrew
- Heath Paul
- Heathcott Rosemary
- Heilig Roland
- Heiner Cheryl
- Heinze Ivonne
- Heitmann Katja
- Helfenbein Keven
- Heller Andrew
- Hellsten Uffe
- Hembry Cathy
- Henderson Carl
- Henderson Nicholas
- Henderson Nina
- Hendrix David
- Hennig Steffen
- Henning Karla
- Hepa Victor
- Herd Tim
- Herman Charles
- Hernandez Judith
- Hernandez Omar
- Herseim Allyson
- Hewitt Stephen
- Heyen Joshua
- Higgs Douglas
- Hildebrand Carl E.
- Hillier LaDeana
- Hillyard Guy
- Hines Sandra
- Hinkins Russell
- Hinrichs Angela S.
- Hitchens Matthew Edward
- Ho Issac
- Ho Sara-Jane
- Hodgson Anne V.
- Hodgson David
- Hoffman Susan M.G.
- Hoffs Michael
- Hogues Marilyn E.
- Holden Jane
- Holdgate Janet
- Hollaway Mara
- Hollins Barbara
- Holloway Ele
- Holmes Andrea
- Holmes Ian
- Holmes Sarah
- Holroyd Simon
- Holtz Ann
- Holtzer Caleb
- Homsi Deana K.
- Homsi Farah J.
- Honan Tracy
- Hood Leroy
- Hooper Alison
- Hopewell Lucy
- Hopkins Ben
- Horne Jennifer
- Hornett Gary
- Hornischer Klaus
- Hornsby Amber
- Hornsby Geoff
- Hornsby Tony
- Horsley Sharon
- Horton Roger
- Hosage-Norman Catherine
- Hosoda Kei
- Hosono Katsuhiro
- Hosseini Roya
- Hou Shunfang
- Hou Xiaodi
- Houde Nathan
- Howard Philip
- Howard Stephanie R.
- Howden Philip
- Howe Kevin
- Howell Gareth
- Howell Latoya Lynette
- Howells Sally Lucinda
- Hsu Fan
- Hu George
- Hu Jie
- Hu Songnian
- Huang Fang
- Huang Guyang
- Huang Katherine
- Huang Mei
- Huang Wayne
- Huang Wei
- Huang Wei
- Huang Wei
- Huang Zhengping
- Hubbard Timothy
- Huber James W.
- Huckle Elizabeth
- Hue Heather
- Hughes Jaime
- Hughes Jennifer
- Hughes Lee
- Hughes-Hull Hillary
- Hull Louisa
- Hulme Bill
- Hulyk Steven
- Hume Jennifer
- Hummeric Holger
- Humphray Sean
- Humphries David
- Humphries Matthew
- Hunt Adrienne
- Hunt Michael
- Hunt Paul
- Hunt Sarah
- Hunter Giselle
- Hunter Rov, II
- Hupman Matt
- Huynh Sandy
- Hyde David
- Hynds Christopher
- Idlebird Devincent G.
- Iliev Ilian
- Imbro Paula
- Imo Kelvin C.
- Inacio Nicole
- Inagaki Naomi
- Ince Michael
- Ingram Drew
- Inoue Shuuji
- Isak Amber
- Isherwood Judith
- Ishibashi Akiko
- Ishikawa Sabine K.
- Ishizaki Hinako
- Isozaki Emi
- Israni Sanjay
- Ito Fumiaki
- Ito Noriko
- Itoh Takehiko
- Iwakawa Shinobu
- Iwatate Mariko
- Iwatsu Mikiko
- Iyer Vivek
- Izatt Janet
- Izmajlowicz Monica
- Izumiyama Tomohiro
- Jacintho Mark
- Jackson Laronda R.
- Jackson Terri
- Jacob Leni Susan
- Jaeger Sara
- Jaffe David B.
- Jahn Niels
- Jaklevic Joseph
- Jaklevic Michael
- James Kent W.
- Jareborg Niclas
- Jarek Michael
- Jassal Bijay
- Jeffery Grant
- Jeffery Kim
- Jeffrey Colin
- Jekosch Kerstin
- Jenkins Lee
- Jett Jamie
- Jewett Phillip E.
- Jia Jia
- Jia Jia
- Jia Nan
- Jia Xingchang
- Jiang Lu
- Jiang Yanrui
- Jiang Ziyou
- Jimenez Alberto
- Jin Jian
- Jin Yetao
- Jin Yongsan
- Johansen Tina
- Johnson Bennie
- Johnson Cheryl
- Johnson Christopher
- Johnson David
- Johnson Douglas
- Johnson Genevieve
- Johnson Lori
- Johnson Mark
- Johnson Philip
- Johnson Rudy
- Johnson Stephanie
- Jolivet Angela
- Jolley Keith
- Jones Abigail
- Jones Charlien
- Jones Claire
- Jones Juliet
- Jones Matthew
- Jones Michael
- Jones Micheil
- Jones Myrna D.
- Jones Steven
- Jong Pieter De
- Jordan Yun
- Joseph Shirin
- Joy Ann
- Joy Linsey
- Joy Victoria
- Joyce Gillian
- Jubb Mark
- Jung Eugine
- Järke Doris
- Kadner Kristen
- Kagan Ryan
- Kahsai Orsalem
- Kaida Kaoru
- Kale Pat
- Kalicki-Veizer Joelle
- Kamal Michael
- Kamat Asha
- Kamholz Sandra
- Kana Arnold
- Kang Hui
- Kang Kelie
- Kang Ning
- Kapur Hitesh
- Karolchik Donna
- Karunaratne Kanchi
- Kasprzyk Arek
- Katayama Takujiro
- Kato Takako
- Kauer Gerhard
- Kaul Rajinder
- Kaur Amardeep
- Kawagoe Chiharu
- Kawasaki Kazuhiko
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- Kettleborough Ross
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- Kou Zhaohui
- Kovar Christie L.
- Krawczyk Marie-Claude
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- Kremmidiotis Gabriel
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- Sutherland Grant R.
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- Ulanovsky Levy E.
- Un Chun
- Ung Quyen
- Upson Darren
- Urban Jeremy B.
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- Ureta-Vidal Abel
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- Wickremasinghe Manosha I.
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- Wilkinson Jane
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- Williams Andy
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- Williamson Helen
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- Wills Richard
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- Wilson Gareth
- Wilson Margaret
- Wilson Nyree
- Wilson Piers
- Wilson Richard K.
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- Wilson Steve
- Wilson Wendy
- Wincker Patrick
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- Woessner Jeffrey
- Wohldmann Patty
- Wollard Jessica
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- Wong Benjamin
- Wong Gane K-S
- Wood Diane
- Wood Emma
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- Wooden Hailey S.
- Wooden Steven H.
- Woodeson Sharon
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- Wright Debbie
- Wright Kathrine
- Wright Kristin
- Wright Rita A.
- Wu Chungen
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- Wu Qingfa
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- Wu Xiaojing
- Wu Zaining
- Wyatt Julia
- Wycoff-Montenegro Melissa
- Wylie Kris
- Wyman Dudley
- Wyman Stacia
- Xi Yan
- Xi Yingying
- Xie Fei
- Xie Gary
- Xie Jane
- Xiong Hui
- Xiong Yuqing
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- Xu Jing
- Xu Jing
- Xu Ruqin
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- Xu Yuning
- Xu Zhihong
- Xu Zuyuan
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- Xuan Zhenyu
- Xue Rui
- Yada Tetsushi
- Yadav Shailendra
- Yakub Syed
- Yamamoto Lynn
- Yamamoto Noriko
- Yamamoto Yuko
- Yamashita Yasue
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- Yang Huanming
- Yang Huanming
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- Yao Zhijian
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- Zainoun Joanne
- Zembeck Lisa
- Zeng Yixin
- Zhai Dong
- Zhan Guoping
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- Zhang Caimin
- Zhang Fengmei
- Zhang Guangyu
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingkun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Lanzhi
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Meihua
- Zhang Meng
- Zhang Ming
- Zhang Qing
- Zhang Ruhua
- Zhang Shaojie
- Zhang Tiezhen
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xiaoliang
- Zhang Xiuqing
- Zhang Yan
- Zhang Yi
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Ying
- Zhang Yuansen
- Zhang Yuzhi
- Zhang Zhengdong
- Zhao Hongmei
- Zhao Lijian
- Zhao Shenru
- Zhao Zhijing
- Zhen Zhicheng
- Zheng Haibo
- Zhong Ming
- Zhou Carol
- Zhou Haixia
- Zhou Jianling
- Zhou Nannan
- Zhou Xinfeng
- Zhou Yan
- Zhou Yang
- Zhou Yi
- Zhu Bingying
- Zhu Bofeng
- Zhu Fenghua
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Miao
- Zhu Ning
- Zhu Yongge
- Zhu Zhen
- Zhuang Shitao
- Zierten Deborah
- Zimmer Andrew
- Zody Michael C.
- Zollo Massimo
- Zorrilla Sara E.
- Zuo Lin
- Publication venue
- LSU Digital Commons
- Publication date
- 21/10/2004
- Field of study
The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead
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- Aali Amirali
- Ababneh Hazim S
- Abate Yohannes Habtegiorgis
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbasgholizadeh Rouzbeh
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasian Mohammadreza
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd ElHafeez Samar
- Abd-Elsalam Sherief
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdelwahab Ahmed
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin
- Abdoun Meriem
- Abdulah Deldar Morad
- Abdullahi Auwal
- Abebe Mesfin
- Abebe Samrawit Shawel
- Abedi Aidin
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abhilash E S
- Abidi Hassan
- Abiodun Olumide
- Aboagye Richard Gyan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abolmaali Meysam
- Abouzid Mohamed
- Aboye Girma Beressa
- Abreu Lucas Guimarães
- Abrha Woldu Aberhe
- Abtahi Dariush
- Abu Rumeileh Samir
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen ME
- Abu-Zaid Ahmed
- Abualruz Hasan
- Abubakar Bilyaminu
- Aburuz Salahdein
- Accrombessi Manfred Mario Kokou
- Adal Tadele Girum
- Adamu Abdu A
- Addo Isaac Yeboah
- Addolorato Giovanni
- Adebiyi Akindele Olupelumi
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adepoju Abiola Victor
- Adetunji Charles Oluwaseun
- Adetunji Juliana Bunmi
- Adeyeoluwa Temitayo Esther
- Adeyinka Daniel Adedayo
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- Admass Biruk Adie Adie
- Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
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- Afolabi Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika
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- Agodi Antonella
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- Agyemang-Duah Williams
- Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
- Ahmad Aqeel
- Ahmad Danish
- Ahmad Firdos
- Ahmad Muayyad M
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmad Shahzaib
- Ahmad Tauseef
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadzade Amir Mahmoud
- Ahmed Ali
- Ahmed Ayman
- Ahmed Haroon
- Ahmed Luai A
- Ahmed Mehrunnisha Sharif
- Ahmed Meqdad Saleh
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Ahmed Syed Anees
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- Al-Hanawi Mohammed Khaled
- Al-Marwani Sabah
- Al-Maweri Sadeq Ali Ali
- Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M
- Al-Omari Basem
- Al-Sabah Salman Khalifah
- Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A
- Al-Worafi Yaser Mohammed
- Alahdab Fares
- Alalalmeh Samer O
- Alalwan Tariq A
- Alam Khurshid
- Alam Manjurul
- Alam Noore
- Alanezi Fahad Mashhour
- Alanzi Turki M
- Albakri Almaza
- Albashtawy Mohammed
- AlBataineh Mohammad T
- Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline Elizabeth
- Aldawsari Khalifah A
- Aldhaleei Wafa A
- Aldridge Robert W
- Alema Haileselasie Berhane
- Alemayohu Mulubirhan Assefa
- Alemi Sharifullah
- Alemu Yihun Mulugeta
- Alhabib Khalid F
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- Ali Rafat
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- Alicandro Gianfranco
- Alif Sheikh Mohammad
- Alikhani Reyhaneh
- Alimohamadi Yousef
- Aliyi Ahmednur Adem
- Aljasir Mohammad A M
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Alla François
- Allebeck Peter
- Almazan Joseph Uy
- Almidani Louay
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- Alomari Mahmoud A
- Alonso Jordi
- Alqahtani Jaber S
- Alqalyoobi Shehabaldin
- Alqutaibi Ahmed Yaseen
- Altaany Zaid
- Altaf Awais
- Altirkawi Khalid A
- Aluh Deborah Oyine
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Alwafi Hassan
- Aly Hany
- Aly Safwat
- Alzoubi Karem H
- Amani Reza
- Amare Azmeraw T
- Amegbor Prince M
- Ameyaw Edward Kwabena
- Amin Tarek Tawfik
- Amindarolzarbi Alireza
- Amiri Sohrab
- Amirzade-Iranaq Mohammad Hosein
- Amu Hubert
- Amugsi Dickson A
- Amusa Ganiyu Adeniyi
- Ancuceanu Robert
- Anderlini Deanna
- Anderson David B
- Andrade Pedro Prata
- Andrei Catalina Liliana
- Andrei Tudorel
- Angus Colin
- Anil Abhishek
- Anil Sneha
- Anoushiravani Amir
- Ansari Hossein
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Ansariadi Ansariadi
- Antony Catherine M
- Antriyandarti Ernoiz
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- Anvari Saeid
- Anwar Saleha
- Anwar Sumadi Lukman
- Anwer Razique
- Anyasodor Anayochukwu Edward
- Aqeel Muhammad
- Arab Juan Pablo
- Arabloo Jalal
- Arafat Mosab
- Aravkin Aleksandr Y
- Areda Demelash
- Aremu Abdulfatai
- Aremu Olatunde
- Ariffin Hany
- Arkew Mesay
- Armocida Benedetta
- Arndt Michael Benjamin
- Arooj Mahwish
- Artamonov Anton A
- Arulappan Judie
- Aruleba Raphael Taiwo
- Arumugam Ashokan
- Asaad Malke
- Asadi-Lari Mohsen
- Asgedom Akeza Awealom
- Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad
- Asghariahmadabad Mona
- Ashraf Muhammad
- Aslani Armin
- Astell-Burt Thomas
- Athar Mohammad
- Athari Seyyed Shamsadin
- Atinafu Bantalem Tilaye Tilaye
- Atlaw Habtamu Wondmagegn
- Atorkey Prince
- Atout Maha Moh'd Wahbi
- Atreya Alok
- Aujayeb Avinash
- Ausloos Marcel
- Avan Abolfazl
- Awedew Atalel Fentahun
- Aweke Amlaku Mulat
- Ayala Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina
- Ayatollahi Haleh
- Ayuso-Mateos Jose L
- Ayyoubzadeh Seyed Mohammad
- Azadnajafabad Sina
- Azevedo Rui M S
- Azzam Ahmed Y
- B Darshan B
- Babu Abraham Samuel
- Badar Muhammad
- Badiye Ashish D
- Baghdadi Soroush
- Bagheri Nasser
- Bagherieh Sara
- Bah Sulaiman
- Bahadorikhalili Saeed
- Bahmanziari Najmeh
- Bai Ruhai
- Baig Atif Amin
- Baker Jennifer L
- Bako Abdulaziz T
- Bakshi Ravleen Kaur
- Balakrishnan Senthilkumar
- Balasubramanian Madhan
- Baltatu Ovidiu Constantin
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- Barone-Adesi Francesco
- Barqawi Hiba Jawdat
- Barrero Lope H
- Barrow Amadou
- Barteit Sandra
- Barua Lingkan
- Basharat Zarrin
- Bashiri Azadeh
- Basiru Afisu
- Baskaran Pritish
- Basnyat Buddha
- Bassat Quique
- Basso João Diogo
- Basting Ann V L
- Basu Sanjay
- Batra Kavita
- Baune Bernhard T
- Bayati Mohsen
- Bayileyegn Nebiyou Simegnew
- Beaney Thomas
- Bedi Neeraj
- Beghi Massimiliano
- Behboudi Emad
- Behera Priyamadhaba
- Behnoush Amir Hossein
- Behzadifar Masoud
- Beiranvand Maryam
- Bejarano Ramirez Diana Fernanda
- Belay Sefealem Assefa
- Belete Chalie Mulu
- Bell Michelle L
- Bello Muhammad Bashir
- Bello Olorunjuwon Omolaja
- Belo Luis
- Beloukas Apostolos
- Bender Rose Grace
- Bensenor Isabela M
- Beran Azizullah
- Berezvai Zombor
- Berhie Alemshet Yirga
- Berice Betyna N
- Bernstein Robert S
- Bertolacci Gregory J
- Bettencourt Paulo J G
- Beyene Kebede A
- Bhagat Devidas S
- Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth
- Bhala Neeraj
- Bhalla Ashish
- Bhandari Dinesh
- Bhangdia Kayleigh
- Bhardwaj Nikha
- Bhardwaj Pankaj
- Bhardwaj Prarthna V
- Bhargava Ashish
- Bhaskar Sonu
- Bhat Vivek
- Bhatti Gurjit Kaur
- Bhatti Jasvinder Singh
- Bhatti Manpreet S
- Bhatti Rajbir
- Bhutta Zulfiqar A
- Bikbov Boris
- Bishai Jessica Devin
- Bisignano Catherine
- Bisulli Francesca
- Biswas Atanu
- Biswas Bijit
- Bitaraf Saeid
- Bitew Bikes Destaw
- Bitra Veera R
- Bjørge Tone
- Boachie Micheal Kofi
- Boampong Mary Sefa
- Bobirca Anca Vasilica
- Bodolica Virginia
- Bodunrin Aadam Olalekan
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- Bogale Kassawmar Angaw
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- Bonny Aime
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- Bora Kaustubh
- Borhany Hamed
- Borzutzky Arturo
- Bouaoud Souad
- Boustany Antoine
- Boxe Christopher
- Boyko Edward J
- Brady Oliver J
- Braithwaite Dejana
- Brant Luisa C
- Brauer Michael
- Brazinova Alexandra
- Brazo-Sayavera Javier
- Breitborde Nicholas J K
- Breitner Susanne
- Brenner Hermann
- Briko Andrey Nikolaevich
- Briko Nikolay Ivanovich
- Britton Gabrielle
- Brown Julie
- Brugha Traolach
- Bulamu Norma B
- Bulto Lemma N
- Buonsenso Danilo
- Burns Richard A
- Busse Reinhard
- Bustanji Yasser
- Butt Nadeem Shafique
- Butt Zahid A
- Bärnighausen Till Winfried
- Béjot Yannick
- Caetano dos Santos Florentino Luciano
- Calina Daniela
- Campos Luciana Aparecida
- Campos-Nonato Ismael R
- Cao Chao
- Cao Yin
- Capodici Angelo
- Carr Sinclair
- Carreras Giulia
- Carrero Juan J
- Carugno Andrea
- Carvalheiro Cristina G
- Carvalho Felix
- Carvalho Márcia
- Castaldelli-Maia Joao Mauricio
- Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos A
- Castelpietra Giulio
- Catalá-López Ferrán
- Catapano Alberico L
- Cattaruzza Maria Sofia
- Cederroth Christopher R
- Cegolon Luca
- Cembranel Francieli
- Cenderadewi Muthia
- Cercy Kelly M
- Cerin Ester
- Cevik Muge
- Chadwick Joshua
- Chahine Yaacoub
- Chakraborty Chiranjib
- Chakraborty Promit Ananyo
- Chan Jeffrey Shi Kai
- Chan Raymond N C
- Chandika Rama Mohan
- Chandrasekar Eeshwar K
- Chang Chin-Kuo
- Chang Jung-Chen
- Chanie Gashaw Sisay
- Charalampous Periklis
- Chattu Vijay Kumar
- Chaturvedi Pankaj
- Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou Victoria
- Chaurasia Akhilanand
- Chen An-Tian
- Chen Angela W
- Chen Catherine S
- Chen Haowei
- Chen Meng Xuan
- Chen Simiao
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Cheng Esther T W
- Cherbuin Nicolas
- Cheru Wondimye Ashenafi
- Chien Ju-Huei
- Chimed-Ochir Odgerel
- Chimoriya Ritesh
- Ching Patrick R
- Chirinos-Caceres Jesus Lorenzo
- Chitheer Abdulaal
- Cho William C S
- Chong Bryan
- Chopra Hitesh
- Choudhari Sonali Gajanan
- Chowdhury Rajiv
- Christopher Devasahayam J
- Chukwu Isaac Sunday
- Chung Eric
- Chung Erin
- Chung Eunice
- Chung Sheng-Chia
- Chutiyami Muhammad
- Cindi Zinhle
- Cioffi Iolanda
- Claassens Mareli M
- Claro Rafael M
- Coberly Kaleb
- Cogen Rebecca M
- Columbus Alyssa
- Comfort Haley
- Conde Joao
- Cortese Samuele
- Cortesi Paolo Angelo
- Costa Vera Marisa
- Costanzo Simona
- Cousin Ewerton
- Couto Rosa A S
- Cowden Richard G
- Cramer Kenneth Michael
- Criqui Michael H
- Cruz-Martins Natália
- Cuadra-Hernández Silvia Magali
- Culbreth Garland T
- Cullen Patricia
- Cunningham Matthew
- Curado Maria paula
- Cámera Luis Alberto
- Cárdenas Rosario
- D'Oria Mario
- Dadana Sriharsha
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- Dai Zhaoli
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- Damiani Giovanni
- Darega Gela Jiregna
- Das Jai K
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- Das Subasish
- Dascalu Ana Maria
- Dash Nihar Ranjan
- Dashti Mohsen
- Dastiridou Anna
- Davey Gail
- Davis Weaver Nicole
- Davletov Kairat
- De Leo Diego
- de Luca Katie
- Debele Aklilu Tamire
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- Degenhardt Louisa
- Dehghan Azizallah
- Deitesfeld Lee
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- Delgado-Enciso Ivan
- Demessa Berecha Hundessa
- Demetriades Andreas K
- Deng Ke
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- Denova-Gutiérrez Edgar
- Deravi Niloofar
- Dereje Nebiyu
- Dervenis Nikolaos
- Dervišević Emina
- Des Jarlais Don C
- Desai Hardik Dineshbhai
- Desai Rupak
- Devanbu Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan
- Dewan Syed Masudur Rahman
- Dhali Arkadeep
- Dhama Kuldeep
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Dhingra Sameer
- Dhulipala Vishal R
- Dias da Silva Diana
- Diaz Daniel
- Diaz Michael J
- Dima Adriana
- Ding Delaney D
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- Dirac M Ashworth
- Djalalinia Shirin
- do Prado Camila Bruneli
- Do Thao Huynh Phuong
- Doaei Saeid
- Dodangeh Masoud
- Dodangeh Milad
- Dohare Sushil
- Dokova Klara Georgieva
- Dolecek Christiane
- Dominguez Regina-Mae Villanueva
- Dong Wanyue
- Dongarwar Deepa
- Dorostkar Fariba
- Dorsey E Ray
- dos Santos Wendel Mombaque
- Doshi Rajkumar
- Doshmangir Leila
- Dowou Robert Kokou
- Driscoll Tim Robert
- Dsouza Haneil Larson
- Dsouza Viola
- Du Mi
- Dube John
- Duncan Bruce B
- Duraes Andre Rodrigues
- Duraisamy Senbagam
- Durojaiye Oyewole Christopher
- Dwyer-Lindgren Laura
- Dzianach Paulina Agnieszka
- Dziedzic Arkadiusz Marian
- Dávila-Cervantes Claudio Alberto
- E'mar Abdel Rahman
- Eboreime Ejemai
- Ebrahimi Alireza
- Echieh Chidiebere Peter
- Edinur Hisham Atan
- Edvardsson David
- Edvardsson Kristina
- Efendi Defi
- Efendi Ferry
- Effendi Diyan Ermawan
- Eikemo Terje Andreas
- Eini Ebrahim
- Ekholuenetale Michael
- Ekundayo Temitope Cyrus
- El Sayed Iman
- El-Huneidi Waseem
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- Tefera Yibekal Manaye
- Temsah Mohamad-Hani
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- Teramoto Masayuki
- Tesler Riki
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- Thakur Rishu
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- Wong Yen Jun
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- Xia Juan
- Xiao Hong
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- Xu Suowen
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- Xu Xiaoyue
- Xu Yvonne Yiru
- Yadollahpour Ali
- Yamagishi Kazumasa
- Yang Danting
- Yang Lin
- Yano Yuichiro
- Yao Yao
- Yaribeygi Habib
- Ye Pengpeng
- Yehualashet Sisay Shewasinad
- Yesiltepe Metin
- Yesuf Subah Abderehim
- Yezli Saber
- Yi Siyan
- Yigezu Amanuel
- Yip Paul
- Yismaw Malede Berihun
- Yismaw Yazachew
- Yiğit Arzu
- Yiğit Vahit
- Yon Dong Keon
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Yoon Seok-Jun
- You Yuyi
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yousefi Zabihollah
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yu Yong
- Yuh Faith H
- Zadey Siddhesh
- Zadnik Vesna
- Zafari Nima
- Zakham Fathiah
- Zaki Nazar
- Zaman Sojib Bin
- Zamora Nelson
- Zand Ramin
- Zangiabadian Moein
- Zar Heather J
- Zare Iman
- Zarrintan Armin
- Zeariya Mohammed G M
- Zeinali Zahra
- Zhang Haijun
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhang Jingya
- Zhang Liqun
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhao Hanqing
- Zhong Chenwen
- Zhou Juexiao
- Zhu Bin
- Zhu Lei
- Ziafati Makan
- Zielińska Magdalena
- Zitoun Osama A
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Zou Zhiyong
- Zuhlke Liesl J
- Zumla Alimuddin
- Zweck Elric
- Zyoud Samer H
- Ärnlöv Johan
- Šekerija Mario
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 03/04/2024
- Field of study
BACKGROUND Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable metrics to gauge progress in reducing mortality rates. These estimates are particularly important following large-scale mortality spikes, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When systematically analysed, mortality rates and life expectancy allow comparisons of the consequences of causes of death globally and over time, providing a nuanced understanding of the effect of these causes on global populations. METHODS The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 cause-of-death analysis estimated mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) from 288 causes of death by age-sex-location-year in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations for each year from 1990 until 2021. The analysis used 56 604 data sources, including data from vital registration and verbal autopsy as well as surveys, censuses, surveillance systems, and cancer registries, among others. As with previous GBD rounds, cause-specific death rates for most causes were estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model-a modelling tool developed for GBD to assess the out-of-sample predictive validity of different statistical models and covariate permutations and combine those results to produce cause-specific mortality estimates-with alternative strategies adapted to model causes with insufficient data, substantial changes in reporting over the study period, or unusual epidemiology. YLLs were computed as the product of the number of deaths for each cause-age-sex-location-year and the standard life expectancy at each age. As part of the modelling process, uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated using the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles from a 1000-draw distribution for each metric. We decomposed life expectancy by cause of death, location, and year to show cause-specific effects on life expectancy from 1990 to 2021. We also used the coefficient of variation and the fraction of population affected by 90% of deaths to highlight concentrations of mortality. Findings are reported in counts and age-standardised rates. Methodological improvements for cause-of-death estimates in GBD 2021 include the expansion of under-5-years age group to include four new age groups, enhanced methods to account for stochastic variation of sparse data, and the inclusion of COVID-19 and other pandemic-related mortality-which includes excess mortality associated with the pandemic, excluding COVID-19, lower respiratory infections, measles, malaria, and pertussis. For this analysis, 199 new country-years of vital registration cause-of-death data, 5 country-years of surveillance data, 21 country-years of verbal autopsy data, and 94 country-years of other data types were added to those used in previous GBD rounds. FINDINGS The leading causes of age-standardised deaths globally were the same in 2019 as they were in 1990; in descending order, these were, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lower respiratory infections. In 2021, however, COVID-19 replaced stroke as the second-leading age-standardised cause of death, with 94·0 deaths (95% UI 89·2-100·0) per 100 000 population. The COVID-19 pandemic shifted the rankings of the leading five causes, lowering stroke to the third-leading and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to the fourth-leading position. In 2021, the highest age-standardised death rates from COVID-19 occurred in sub-Saharan Africa (271·0 deaths [250·1-290·7] per 100 000 population) and Latin America and the Caribbean (195·4 deaths [182·1-211·4] per 100 000 population). The lowest age-standardised death rates from COVID-19 were in the high-income super-region (48·1 deaths [47·4-48·8] per 100 000 population) and southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania (23·2 deaths [16·3-37·2] per 100 000 population). Globally, life expectancy steadily improved between 1990 and 2019 for 18 of the 22 investigated causes. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the positive effect that reductions in deaths from enteric infections, lower respiratory infections, stroke, and neonatal deaths, among others have contributed to improved survival over the study period. However, a net reduction of 1·6 years occurred in global life expectancy between 2019 and 2021, primarily due to increased death rates from COVID-19 and other pandemic-related mortality. Life expectancy was highly variable between super-regions over the study period, with southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania gaining 8·3 years (6·7-9·9) overall, while having the smallest reduction in life expectancy due to COVID-19 (0·4 years). The largest reduction in life expectancy due to COVID-19 occurred in Latin America and the Caribbean (3·6 years). Additionally, 53 of the 288 causes of death were highly concentrated in locations with less than 50% of the global population as of 2021, and these causes of death became progressively more concentrated since 1990, when only 44 causes showed this pattern. The concentration phenomenon is discussed heuristically with respect to enteric and lower respiratory infections, malaria, HIV/AIDS, neonatal disorders, tuberculosis, and measles. INTERPRETATION Long-standing gains in life expectancy and reductions in many of the leading causes of death have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the adverse effects of which were spread unevenly among populations. Despite the pandemic, there has been continued progress in combatting several notable causes of death, leading to improved global life expectancy over the study period. Each of the seven GBD super-regions showed an overall improvement from 1990 and 2021, obscuring the negative effect in the years of the pandemic. Additionally, our findings regarding regional variation in causes of death driving increases in life expectancy hold clear policy utility. Analyses of shifting mortality trends reveal that several causes, once widespread globally, are now increasingly concentrated geographically. These changes in mortality concentration, alongside further investigation of changing risks, interventions, and relevant policy, present an important opportunity to deepen our understanding of mortality-reduction strategies. Examining patterns in mortality concentration might reveal areas where successful public health interventions have been implemented. Translating these successes to locations where certain causes of death remain entrenched can inform policies that work to improve life expectancy for people everywhere. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
- Abate Yohannes Habtegiorgis
- Abbas Jaffar
- Abbasi Madineh Akram
- Abbasian Mohammadreza
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd-Rabu Rami
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahi Mozhan
- Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin
- Abdulah Deldar Morad
- Abdullahi Auwal
- Abedi Aidin
- Abedi Vida
- Abeldaño Zuñiga Roberto Ariel
- Abidi Hassan
- Abiodun Olumide
- Aboagye Richard Gyan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Aboyans Victor
- Abrha Woldu Aberhe
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abualhasan Ahmed
- Aburuz Salahdein
- Adamu Lawan Hassan
- Addo Isaac Yeboah
- Adebayo Oladimeji M
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adekiya Tayo Alex
- Adikusuma Wirawan
- Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
- Adra Saryia
- Afework Tsion
- Afolabi Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika
- Afraz Ali
- Afzal Saira
- Aghamiri Shahin
- Agodi Antonella
- Agyemang-Duah Williams
- Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
- Ahmad Aqeel
- Ahmad Danish
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmadzade Amir Mahmoud
- Ahmed Ali
- Ahmed Ayman
- Ahmed Haroon
- Ahmed Jivan Qasim
- Ahmed Luai A
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Ahmed Syed Anees
- Ajami Marjan
- Aji Budi
- Ajumobi Olufemi
- Akade Seyed Esma'il
- Akbari Morteza
- Akbarialiabad Hossein
- Akhlaghi Shiva
- Akinosoglou Karolina
- Akinyemi Rufus Olusola
- Akonde Maxwell
- Al Hasan Syed Mahfuz
- AL-Ahdal Tareq Mohammed Ali
- Al-amer Rasmieh Mustafa
- Al-Gheethi Adel Ali Saeed
- Al-Omari Basem
- Al-Shahi Salman Rustam
- Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A
- Al-Worafi Yaser Mohammed
- Alahdab Fares
- Albashtawy Mohammed
- AlBataineh Mohammad T
- Aldawsari Khalifah A
- Alemi Hediyeh
- Alemi Sharifullah
- Algammal Abdelazeem M
- Alhalaiqa Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji
- Alhassan Robert Kaba
- Ali Abid
- Ali Endale Alemayehu
- Ali Liaqat
- Ali Mohammed Usman
- Ali Musa Mohammed
- Ali Rafat
- Ali Shahid
- Ali Syed Shujait Shujait
- Ali Zahid
- Alif Sheikh Mohammad
- Alimohamadi Yousef
- Aliyi Ahmednur Adem
- Aljofan Mohamad
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Alladi Suvarna
- Almazan Joseph Uy
- Almustanyir Sami
- Alqahtani Jaber S
- Alqasmi Ibrahim
- Alqutaibi Ahmed Yaseen
- Altaany Zaid
- Altirkawi Khalid A
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Aly Hany
- Aly Safwat
- Alzoubi Karem H
- Amani Reza
- Amindarolzarbi Alireza
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- Amirzade-Iranaq Mohammad Hosein
- Amu Hubert
- Amugsi Dickson A
- Amusa Ganiyu Adeniyi
- Amzat Jimoh
- Ancuceanu Robert
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- Anderson David B
- Andrei Catalina Liliana
- Androudi Sofia
- Angappan Dhanalakshmi
- Angesom Teklit W
- Anil Abhishek
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
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- Arafat Mosab
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- Artamonov Anton A
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- Aruleba Raphael Taiwo
- Asadi-Pooya Ali A
- Asena Tilahun Ferede
- Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad
- Ashraf Muhammad
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- Atalell Kendalem Asmare
- Athari Seyyed Shamsadin
- Atinafu Bantalem Tilaye Tilaye
- Atorkey Prince
- Atout Maha Moh'd Wahbi
- Atreya Alok
- Aujayeb Avinash
- Avan Abolfazl
- Ayala Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina
- Ayatollahi Haleh
- Ayinde Olatunde O
- Ayyoubzadeh Seyed Mohammad
- Azadnajafabad Sina
- Azizi Zahra
- Azizian Khalil
- Azzam Ahmed Y
- Babaei Mahsa
- Badar Muhammad
- Badiye Ashish D
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- Bagherieh Sara
- Bai Ruhai
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- Banach Maciej
- Bandyopadhyay Soham
- Banerjee Indrajit
- Baran Mehmet Firat
- Barboza Miguel A
- Barchitta Martina
- Bardhan Mainak
- Barker-Collo Suzanne Lyn
- Barrow Amadou
- Bashash Davood
- Bashiri Hamideh
- Bashiru Hameed Akande
- Basiru Afisu
- Basso João Diogo
- Basu Sanjay
- Batiha Abdul-Monim Mohammad
- Batra Kavita
- Baune Bernhard T
- Bedi Neeraj
- Begde Ahmet
- Begum Tahmina
- Behnam Babak
- Behnoush Amir Hossein
- Beiranvand Maryam
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- Belgaumi Uzma Iqbal
- Bemanalizadeh Maryam
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- Benfor Bright
- Bennett Derrick A
- Bensenor Isabela M
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- Beyene Kebede A
- Bhadra Abhishek
- Bhagat Devidas S
- Bhangdia Kayleigh
- Bhardwaj Nikha
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- Bhaskar Sonu
- Bhat Ajay Nagesh
- Bhat Vivek
- Bhatti Gurjit Kaur
- Bhatti Jasvinder Singh
- Bhatti Rajbir
- Bijani Ali
- Bikbov Boris
- Bilalaga Mariah Malak
- Biswas Atanu
- Bitaraf Saeid
- Bitra Veera R
- Bjørge Tone
- Bodolica Virginia
- Bodunrin Aadam Olalekan
- Boloor Archith
- Braithwaite Dejana
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- Brenner Hermann
- Briko Andrey
- Bringas Vega Maria L
- Brown Julie
- Budke Christine M
- Buonsenso Danilo
- Burkart Katrin
- Burns Richard A
- Bustanji Yasser
- Butt Muhammad Hammad
- Butt Nadeem Shafique
- Butt Zahid A
- Bärnighausen Till Winfried
- Béjot Yannick
- Cabral Lucas Scotta
- Caetano dos Santos Florentino Luciano
- Calina Daniela
- Campos-Nonato Ismael R
- Cao Bochen
- Cao Chao
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- Carreras Giulia
- Carvalho Andre F
- Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos A
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- SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad
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- Sharath Medha
- Sharfaei Sadaf
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- Sharma Rajesh
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- Shayan Maryam
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- Tualeka Abdul Rohim
- Tufa Derara Girma
- Ubah Chukwudi S
- Udoakang Aniefiok John
- Ulhaq Inam
- Umair Muhammad
- Umakanthan Srikanth
- Umapathi Krishna Kishore
- Unim Brigid
- Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran
- Vaithinathan Asokan Govindaraj
- Vakilian Alireza
- Valadan Tahbaz Sahel
- Valizadeh Rohollah
- Van den Eynde Jef
- Vart Priya
- Varthya Shoban Babu
- Vasankari Tommi Juhani
- Vaziri Siavash
- Vellingiri Balachandar
- Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy
- Verras Georgios-Ioannis
- Vervoort Dominique
- Villafañe Jorge Hugo
- Villani Leonardo
- Vinueza Veloz Andres Fernando
- Viskadourou Maria
- Vladimirov Sergey Konstantinovitch
- Vlassov Vasily
- Volovat Simona Ruxandra
- Vos Theo
- Vu Loc Tri
- Vujcic Isidora S
- Wagaye Birhanu
- Waheed Yasir
- Wahood Waseem
- Walde Mandaras Tariku
- Wang Fang
- Wang Shu
- Wang Yanzhong
- Wang Yuan-Pang
- Waqas Muhammad
- Waris Abdul
- Weerakoon Kosala Gayan
- Weintraub Robert G
- Weldemariam Abrha Hailay
- Westerman Ronny
- Whisnant Joanna L
- Wickramasinghe Dakshitha Praneeth
- Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana
- Willekens Barbara
- Wilner Lauren B
- Winkler Andrea Sylvia
- Wolfe Charles D A
- Wu Ai-Min
- Wulf Hanson Sarah
- Xu Suowen
- Xu Xiaoyue
- Yadollahpour Ali
- Yaghoubi Sajad
- Yahya Galal
- Yamagishi Kazumasa
- Yang Lin
- Yano Yuichiro
- Yao Yao
- Yehualashet Sisay Shewasinad
- Yeshaneh Alex
- Yesiltepe Metin
- Yi Siyan
- Yiğit Arzu
- Yiğit Vahit
- Yon Dong Keon
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- You Yuyi
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yusuf Hadiza
- Zadey Siddhesh
- Zahedi Mohammad
- Zakham Fathiah
- Zaki Nazar
- Zali Alireza
- Zamagni Giulia
- Zand Ramin
- Zandieh Ghazal G Z
- Zangiabadian Moein
- Zarghami Amin
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zeariya Mohammed G M
- Zegeye Zelalem Banjaw
- Zeukeng Francis
- Zhai Chunxia
- Zhang Chen
- Zhang Haijun
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhao Hanqing
- Zhao Yang
- Zheng Peng
- Zhou Hengxing
- Zhu Bin
- Zhumagaliuly Abzal
- Zielińska Magdalena
- Zikarg Yossef Teshome
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Ärnlöv Johan
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 01/04/2024
- Field of study
BackgroundDisorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021.MethodsWe estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined.FindingsGlobally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378–521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20–3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5–45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7–26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6–38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5–32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7–2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer.InterpretationAs the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed
Tilting and Tumbling in Transmembrane Anion Carriers: Activity Tuning through n-Alkyl Substitution
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 08/01/2016
- Field of study
Anion transport by synthetic carriers (anionophores) holds promise for medical applications, especially the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Among the factors which determine carrier activity, the size and disposition of alkyl groups is proving remarkably important. Herein we describe a series of dithioureidodecalin anionophores, in which alkyl substituents on one face are varied from C-0 to C-10 in two-carbon steps. Activities increase then decrease as the chain length grows, peaking quite sharply at C-6. Molecular dynamics simulations showed the transporter chloride complexes releasing chloride as they approach the membrane-aqueous interface. The free transporter then stays at the interface, adopting an orientation that depends on the alkyl substituent. If chloride release is prevented, the complex is positioned similarly. Longer chains tilt the binding site away from the interface, potentially freeing the transporter or complex to move through the membrane. However, chains which are too long can also slow transport by inhibiting movement, and especially reorientation, within the phospholipid bilayer
Taking development seriously: who, what, when, where, why, how?
- Author
- A. Heyland
- A. Tromans
- A.C. Love
- A.C. Love
- Alan C. Love
- C.D. Schlichting
- E. Cerda
- E. Farge
- E. Jablonka
- E. Sharon
- E.F. Keller
- E.F. Keller
- E.H. Davidson
- E.H. Davidson
- G.B. Müller
- G.F. Oster
- G.J. Hannon
- G.P. Wagner
- H. Hamada
- H. Lickert
- H.L. True
- H.L. True
- J. Maienschein
- J.O. Reiss
- J.R. Hove
- J.S. Robert
- J.S. Robert
- K. Sterelny
- K.R. Robinson
- L. Moss
- L. Wolpert
- M. Levin
- M.I. Arnone
- P. Godfrey-Smith
- P. Godfrey-Smith
- P.E. Griffiths
- P.P.G. Bateson
- R.M. Burian
- R.P. Harvey
- S. Nonaka
- S. Oyama
- S. Sarkar
- S. Sarkar
- S.A. Newman
- S.B. Minsuk
- S.B. Minsuk
- S.F. Gilbert
- S.F. Gilbert
- W.C. Wimsatt
- Á. Raya
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
A biomimetic receptor for glucose
- Author
- A Basu
- Anthony P. Davis
- AP Davis
- AP Davis
- B Sookcharoenpinyo
- C Ke
- D Solis
- E Klein
- E Persch
- EA Kataev
- EA Meyer
- EJ Toone
- EM Peck
- FA Quiocho
- FQ Zhao
- G Hennrich
- GV Oshovsky
- Hongyu Li
- IV Kolesnichenko
- J Shoham
- JL Asensio
- Johnathan V. Matlock
- Laurent Chabanne
- M Ambrosi
- M Mazik
- Matthew P. Crump
- Michael G. Orchard
- NP Barwell
- O Francesconi
- P Rios
- P Rios
- Q Wu
- Robert A. Tromans
- T Schrader
- TD James
- TJ Mooibroek
- Tom S. Carter
- X Ma
- XL Sun
- Y Ferrand
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Low Cycle Fatigue of Single Crystal γ′-containing Co-based Superalloys at 750\,^{\circ }\hbox {C}
- Author
- A. Suzuki
- A. Suzuki
- A.C. Yeh
- B.R. Goodlet
- C.A. Phalnikar
- C.A. Stewart
- C.A. Stewart
- D. Tromans
- D.W. MacLachlan
- E. Fleury
- E. Si
- E.J. Opila
- F. Abe
- F. Cao
- F. Xue
- H.-Y. Yan
- H.-Y. Yan
- H.E. Evans
- H.U. Hong
- J. Sato
- J. Schindelin
- J. Wu
- J.C. Yen
- J.M. Fernández Colinas
- J.M. Martínez-Esnaola
- Jean-Charles Stinville
- K. Shinagawa
- K. Shinagawa
- K. Tanaka
- L. Klein
- L. Klein
- L.P. Freund
- M. Tsunekane
- M. Valenti
- M. Weiser
- M.I. Wood
- M.M. Nagl
- M.S. Titus
- N. Volz
- N.B. Pilling
- P. Berthod
- P. Kofstad
- P. Paris
- Patrick G. Callahan
- R.K. Rhein
- Robert K. Rhein
- S. Steuer
- S.A.J. Forsik
- Sean P. Murray
- T. Omori
- T.A. Taylor
- T.M. Pollock
- T.M. Pollock
- Tresa M. Pollock
- X. Zhang
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Mechanistic Studies on Room Temperature Photoexcitation Effects on Passivity Breakdown of Ultrathin Surface Oxide Films Formed on Ternary Al−5%Cu−5%Ni Alloys
- Author
- Allachi H.
- Arranz A.
- Baer D. R.
- Bockris J. O.
- Bockris J. O.
- Byram E. T.
- Chang C. L.
- Chang C. L.
- Chang C. L.
- Chang C. L.
- Chang C. L.
- Chang C. L.
- Chia-Lin Chang
- Cocke D. L.
- Druska P.
- Druska P.
- Ehahoun H.
- Finsgar M.
- Galtayries A.
- Garcia-Vergara S.
- Gayle F. W.
- Glover T. J.
- Kear G.
- Kim K. S.
- Kitakatsu N.
- Lahtonen K.
- Lazarev V. B.
- Li M.
- Li X. W.
- Lin L. F.
- Low W.
- Macdonald D. D.
- Macdonald D. D.
- Mark H. Engelhard
- Matsumoto T.
- Matsumura H.
- Maurice V.
- McCafferty E.
- McCafferty E.
- Moiseev G. K.
- Moshier W. C.
- Moshier W. C.
- Mukhopadhyay A. K.
- Newman R.
- Norton P. R.
- Ocal C.
- Olefjord I.
- Olefjord I.
- Olefjord I.
- Paljevića M.
- Park J. H.
- Payne B. P.
- Popova I.
- Robert T.
- Rosales B.
- Sankaranarayanan S.
- Sankaranarayanan S. K. R. S.
- Shriram Ramanathan
- Stierle A.
- Taylor T. N.
- Tomellini M.
- Tromans D.
- Tsuchiya M.
- Vera R.
- Vera R.
- Wang Y. Z.
- Wertheim G. K.
- Yang J. C.
- Yasuda M.
- Yasuda M.
- Yoshioka H.
- Publication venue
- 'American Chemical Society (ACS)'
- Publication date
- Field of study
The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome
- Author
- Ainscough Rachael
- Ambrose Kerrie D
- Andrews T Daniel
- Ansari-Lari M Ali
- Aradhya Swaroop
- Ashurst Jennifer L
- Ashwell Robert I S
- Babbage Anne K
- Bagguley Claire L
- Ballabio Andrea
- Banerjee Ruby
- Barker Gary E
- Barlow Karen F
- Barrett Ian P
- Bates Karen N
- Beare David M
- Beasley Helen
- Beasley Oliver
- Beck Alfred
- Beck Stephan
- Bentley David R
- Bethel Graeme
- Bird Christine P
- Blechschmidt Karin
- Bonnin David
- Brady Nicola
- Bray-Allen Sarah
- Bridgeman Anne M
- Brown Andrew J
- Brown Mary J
- Bruford Elspeth A
- Buck David
- Buhay Christian
- Burch Paula
- Burford Deborah
- Burgess Joanne
- Burrill Wayne
- Burrows Christine
- Burton John
- Bye Jackie M
- Carder Carol
- Carrel Laura
- Carter Nigel P
- Chako Joseph
- Chapman Joanne C
- Chavez Dean
- Chen Ellson
- Chen Guan
- Chen Rui
- Chen Yuan
- Chen Zhijian
- Chinault Craig
- Ciccodicola Alfredo
- Clark Sue Y
- Clarke Graham
- Clee Chris M
- Clegg Sheila
- Clerc-Blankenburg Kerstin
- Clifford Karen
- Cobley Vicky
- Coffey Alison J
- Cole Charlotte G
- Connor Richard E
- Conquer Jen S
- Corby Nicole
- Coulson Alan
- Cree Andrew
- d'Urso Michele
- David Robert
- Davies Joy
- Davis Clay
- Davis John
- de Jong Pieter J
- Deadman Rebecca
- Delgado Oliver
- Deshazo Denise
- Dhami Pawandeep
- Ding Yan
- Dinh Huyen
- Dodsworth Steve
- Draper Heather
- Dugan-Rocha Shannon
- Dunham Andrew
- Dunn Matthew
- Durbin K James
- Durbin Richard
- Dutta Ireena
- Eades Tamsin
- Ellwood Matthew
- Emery-Cohen Alexandra
- Errington Helen
- Evans Kathryn L
- Faulkner Louisa
- Francis Fiona
- Frankish Adam
- Frankland John
- Fraser Audrey E
- Fulton Robert S
- Galgoczy Petra
- Gibbs Richard A
- Gilbert James
- Gill Rachel
- Glöckner Gernot
- Grafham Darren V
- Gregory Simon G
- Gribble Susan
- Griffiths Coline
- Grocock Russell
- Gu Yanghong
- Gunaratne Preethi
- Gwilliam Rhian
- Hamilton Cerissa
- Hart Elizabeth A
- Havlak Paul
- Hawes Alicia
- Heath Paul D
- Heitmann Katja
- Hennig Steffen
- Hernandez Judith
- Hillier Ladeana W
- Hinzmann Bernd
- Ho Sarah
- Hodgson Anne
- Hoffs Michael
- Howden Phillip J
- Howe Kevin L
- Howell Gareth R
- Hubbard Tim
- Huckle Elizabeth J
- Hume Jennifer
- Hunt Adrienne R
- Hunt Paul J
- Hunt Sarah E
- Hurles Matthew E
- Isherwood Judith
- Jacob Leni
- Johnson David
- Jones Matthew C
- Jones Sally
- Joseph Shirin S
- Keenan Stephen
- Kelly Susan
- Kershaw Joanne K
- Khan Ziad
- Kioschis Petra
- Klages Sven
- Knights Andrew J
- Kosiura Anna
- Kovar-Smith Christie
- Laird Gavin K
- Langford Cordelia
- Lawlor Stephanie
- Lehrach Hans
- Leversha Margaret
- Lewis Lora
- Liu Wen
- Lloyd Christine
- Lloyd David M
- Loulseged Hermela
- Loveland Jane E
- Lovell Frances L
- Lovell Jamieson D
- Lozado Ryan
- Lu Jing
- Lyne Rachael
- Ma Jie
- Maheshwari Manjula
- Matthews Lucy H
- McDowall Jennifer
- McLaren Stuart
- McLay Kirsten
- McMurray Amanda
- Meidl Patrick
- Meindl Alfons
- Meitinger Thomas
- Metzker Michael L
- Milne Sarah
- Miner George
- Minx Patrick J
- Mistry Shailesh L
- Morgan Margaret
- Morris Sidney
- Mullikin James C
- Muzny Donna
- Müller Ines
- Nelson David L
- Nguyen Ngoc
- Nordsiek Gabriele
- Nyakatura Gerald
- O'Dell Christopher N
- Okwuonu Geoffery
- Palmer Sophie
- Pandian Richard
- Parker David
- Parrish Julia
- Pasternak Shiran
- Patel Dina
- Pearce Alex V
- Pearson Danita M
- Pelan Sarah E
- Perez Lesette
- Platzer Matthias
- Porter Keith M
- Poustka Annemarie
- Ramser Juliane
- Ramsey Yvonne
- Reichwald Kathrin
- Reinhardt Richard
- Rhodes Susan
- Rice Catherine M
- Richards Stephen
- Ridler Kerry A
- Rogers Jane
- Rosenthal André
- Ross Mark T
- Scherer Steven
- Schlessinger David
- Schueler Mary G
- Scott Carol E
- Scott Graham
- Searle Stephen
- Sehra Harminder K
- Shaw-Smith Charles
- Shen Hua
- Sheridan Elizabeth M
- Shownkeen Ratna
- Skuce Carl D
- Smith Michelle L
- Sodergren Erica
- Sotheran Elizabeth C
- Steffen David
- Steingruber Helen E
- Steward Charles A
- Storey Roy
- Sudbrak Ralf
- Sulston John E
- Swann R Mark
- Swarbreck David
- Tabor Paul E
- Taudien Stefan
- Taylor Tineace
- Teague Brian
- Thomas Karen
- Thorpe Andrea
- Timms Kirsten
- Tracey Alan
- Trevanion Steve
- Tromans Anthony C
- Vaudin Mark
- Verduzco Daniel
- Villasana Donna
- Waldron Lenee
- Wall Melanie
- Wang Qiaoyan
- Warren James
- Warry Georgina L
- Waterston Robert H
- Wei Xuehong
- Weinstock George
- Wen Gaiping
- West Anthony
- Wheeler David A
- Whitehead Siobhan L
- Whiteley Mathew N
- Whittaker Adam
- Wilkinson Jane E
- Willard Huntington F
- Willey David L
- Williams Gabrielle
- Williams Leanne
- Williamson Angela
- Williamson Helen
- Wilming Laurens
- Wilson Richard K
- Woodmansey Rebecca L
- Worley Kim C
- Wray Paul W
- Yen Jennifer
- Zhang Jingkun
- Zhou Jianling
- Zoghbi Huda
- Zorilla Sara
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 17/03/2005
- Field of study
The human X chromosome has a unique biology that was shaped by its evolution as the sex chromosome shared by males and females. We have determined 99.3% of the euchromatic sequence of the X chromosome. Our analysis illustrates the autosomal origin of the mammalian sex chromosomes, the stepwise process that led to the progressive loss of recombination between X and Y, and the extent of subsequent degradation of the Y chromosome. LINE1 repeat elements cover one-third of the X chromosome, with a distribution that is consistent with their proposed role as way stations in the process of X-chromosome inactivation. We found 1,098 genes in the sequence, of which 99 encode proteins expressed in testis and in various tumour types. A disproportionately high number of mendelian diseases are documented for the X chromosome. Of this number, 168 have been explained by mutations in 113 X-linked genes, which in many cases were characterized with the aid of the DNA sequence