a. Mean RMS amplitudes for live and dead adult male and female <i>B. pahangi</i>.

<p><b>b</b>. Mean RMS amplitudes for adult females treated with different molar concentrations of imatinib mesylate, (*) significant differences from before drug treatment at 1hpt and on (p<0.0291). <b>c</b>. Mean RMS amplitudes for adult females treated with different molar concentrations of chloroquine significant differences from before drug treatment at 1hpt and on (p<0.0346).</p

a. Mean returns (y-axis) for <i>B. pahangi</i> microfilariae from 0–1500 worms (x-axis) per tube.

<p>(*) shows significant difference between 300mf and blank using Tukey’s test (p = 0.0079), <b>b</b>. Mean returns for 5000 live microfilariae, 5000 dead microfilariae, and 5000 live & dead. <b>c</b>. Mean returns for 100 live microfilariae, 100 dead microfilariae, and 100 live & dead. <b>d</b>. 500 live microfilariae, 500 dead microfilariae, and 500 live & dead microfilariae.</p

a. Mean RMS amplitudes for blank and 100 live and dead <i>B. pahangi</i> L3’s.

<p><b>b</b>. Mean RMS amplitudes over time of L3’s treated at different molar concentrations of imatinib mesylate, (*) significant change from pretreatment earlier than control or other groups (p = 0.0153). <b>c</b>. Mean RMS amplitudes of L3’s treated at different molar concentrations of chloroquine, (*) significant change from pretreatment earlier than control or other groups (p<0.0001). <b>d</b>. Ratios of the maximum amplitudes for the selected frequency ranges of L3 motion, healthy (*) significantly different from blank or degraded (all p<0.0001), blank statistically same as degraded (all p>0.1917)</p

a. Mean RMS amplitudes of <i>C. elegans</i> L1 from 0 and 100 worms, live and dead.

<p><b>b</b>. FFT of 100 <i>C. elegans</i> L1(blue), overlaid with 100 <i>b. pahangi</i> (black), and blank (red). <b>c</b>. Ratios of selected frequency ranges of <i>C. elegans</i> L1 motion, showing significant differences (*) in RMS amplitudes of degraded worms vs blanks (p<0.0001), healthy worms vs blank (p<0.0001), and healthy worms vs degraded in all but the ratio of middle frequency range to high frequency range (p = 0.3095).</p

Microscopic lesions present in the untreated and in the first 72 hours after treatment.

<p>A. Microfilariae in dermal vessels. B. Eosinophil accumulation in the tissues, a typical response in the first 24 hours, C. Blood vessel free of mf- many normal vessels can also be seen free of mf in this phase, D. Accumulation of mf in the lymphoid tissues, an event that is common within the first 2–3 days, E. Fibrin deposition (red) on the walls of a cerebral vessel. F. Area of mf degeneration and eosinophil accumulation/degranulation in a lymph node.</p

Microscopic lesions present in the untreated and in the first 72 hours after treatment.

<p>A. Microfilariae in dermal vessels. B. Eosinophil accumulation in the tissues, a typical response in the first 24 hours, C. Blood vessel free of mf- many normal vessels can also be seen free of mf in this phase, D. Accumulation of mf in the lymphoid tissues, an event that is common within the first 2–3 days, E. Fibrin deposition (red) on the walls of a cerebral vessel. F. Area of mf degeneration and eosinophil accumulation/degranulation in a lymph node.</p

Changes in <i>Loa</i> mf loads with different treatment regimes.

<p>: ivermectin alone (IVM), ivermectin and aspirin (IVM+ASA), and ivermectin and prednisone (IVM+PSE).</p

Presence and extent of histo-pathological changes in different organs (No. of animals per group).

<p>Presence and extent of histo-pathological changes in different organs (No. of animals per group).</p

The typical behavioral response after treatment: Depression and reluctance to participate in normal activities.

<p>The typical behavioral response after treatment: Depression and reluctance to participate in normal activities.</p

Blood peripheral mf loads before and after different treatments.

<p>Blood peripheral mf loads before and after different treatments.</p