Sustainable digital economy and trade adjusted carbon emissions: Evidence from China's provincial data

The importance of the digital economy and trade adjusted emissions is of great importance to study, especially in case of China. Since China is the leading exporter of the world and achieving high economic growth consecutively for the last 2-3 decades, this study, unlike past studies, evaluates the importance of digital economy, exports, imports and gross domestic product on trade adjusted carbon emissions for China. This is the only study that incorporates the importance of digital economy on trade adjusted carbon emissions for provincial data of China. This study determines whether the digital economy is a viable source of green economy. Research and development will simply replace a physical resource, flows through energy and transportation networks? This question is answered by using updated data, especially for digital economy. This study uses panel data for the Chinese provinces to investigate the impact of the digital economy in limiting CO2 emissions, taking into account GDP, exports and imports as control variables. Using method of moments quantile regression, we find a negative impact of digital economy and exports on consumption-based carbon emissions. Moreover, we find that GDP, and imports amplify consumption-based carbon emissions. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

The Potential Use of Drones for Tourism in Crises: A Facility Location Analysis Perspective

Considering the recent lockdowns and travel bans due to COVID-19, novel tourism strategies are necessary to face the increasing need for innovative products and services and to ensure long-term sustainable growth. This study looks into the potential use of drones in providing online virtual tours of open-space tourist attractions. To do so, a novel mixed-integer linear mathematical model is developed to optimally determine the number and location of required facilities and the number of drones assigned to each center. The model is applied to a case study of Rome by selecting six historic sites as the tourist attractions and considering several candidate locations for establishing the facilities. The results of different potential scenarios imply that the project is profitable, even if the demand for virtual tours is low

Implications of oil price fluctuations for tourism receipts: The case of oil exporting countries

This study investigates the influence of oil prices on tourism income in countries that heavily relied on crude oil exports from 2000 to 2017. We found that oil prices and tourism receipts are cointegrated, revealing the existence of their long-run equilibrium relationship. Another significant finding to emerge from this study is the presence of a unidirectional Granger causality that runs from the oil prices to the tourism receipts. The results of the current study are of particular importance for policymakers who operate in oil-exporting countries. The implications provide a systematic understanding of the effect of oil price fluctuations on tourism income which can benefit investors greatly by enabling them to hedge against oil price fluctuations and plan for their tourism business and policymakers by enabling them to set policies to stabilize oil price fluctuations and plan for tourism development, correspondingly

Interpretation Of Oil Price Shocks On Macroeconomic Aggregates Of South Africa: Evidence From SVAR

The effect of oil prices on macroeconomic aggregates has always been interesting. The recent decline in oil prices has highlighted the effects of oil price shocks both in supply and demand perspective. This study investigates the impact of the oil price shocks on the South African economy using a structural Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model offered by Peersman (2005). The model was established following the economic theory, considering the short and long-term constraints—and widely cited but rarely applied in the literature. This study shows no significant effect from supply and demand shocks to the oil prices in the short-run. Furthermore, monetary policy shocks have no immediate effect on output, and demand shock has no persistent impact on GDP. An interesting result is that oil price shocks have a limited positive effect on output. The reason for this is the high density of alternative carbon-based energy sources unique to South Africa. Finally, the monetary policy shock has an impact on all variables except for output. This study's results highlight the importance of understanding the oil price movements' source since oil price shocks necessarily do not imply a positive effect on the economy. Another result of the study emphasizes the importance of inflation stabilization and the importance of managing economies' supply-side

The Influence of Renewable Energy Usage on Consumption-Based Carbon Emissions in MINT Economies

An accurate carbon emissions measurement is critical for developing an appropriate climate strategy to address ecological issues. A meaningful climate policy reaction can be offered based on trade adjusted statistics of carbon emissions. This research utilizes second-generation panel co-integration techniques to investigate the influence of globalization and renewable energy utilization on consumption-based carbon emissions (CCO2) as well as the role of nonrenewable energy use and economic growth in the MINT-(Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey) countries from 1990 to 2018. The outcomes of the cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity tests revealed slope heterogeneity and cross-sectional units across nations. Furthermore, the outcomes of the cointegration test provided evidence of a long-run association between consumption-based CO2 emissions (CCCO2) and the regressors. Moreover, the outcomes of both common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG) and augmented mean group (AMG) unveiled that economic growth and nonrenewable energy utilization contribute to the degradation of the environment, while globalization and renewable energy utilization help to curb the degradation of the environment. Furthermore, the outcomes of the causality test showed that all the regressors can predict CCO2 emissions in the MINT nations. Thus, policy channeled towards globalization, economic growth, and renewable energy utilization will have a significant effect on CCO2 emissions. Based on the study outcomes, significant policy recommendations are made for policymakers in the MINT nations. © 2022 The Author(s)

Linking economic growth, urbanization, and environmental degradation in China: What is the role of hydroelectricity consumption?

Achieving environmental sustainability has become a global initiative whilst addressing climate change and its effects. Thus, this research re-assessed the EKC hypothesis in China and considered the effect of hydroelectricity use and urbanization, utilizing data from 1985 to 2019. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing method was utilized to assess long-run coin-tegration, which is reinforced by a structural break. The outcome of the ARDL bounds test confirmed cointegration among the series. Furthermore, the ARDL revealed that both economic growth and urbanization trigger environmental degradation while hydroelectricity improves the quality of the environment. The outcome of the ARDL also validated the EKC hypothesis for China. In addi-tion, the study employed the novel gradual shift causality test to capture causal linkage among the series. The advantage of the gradual shift causality test is that it can capture gradual or smooth shifts and does not necessitate previous information of the number, form of structural break(s), or dates. The outcomes of the causality test revealed causal connections among the series of interest. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Influence of Variable Native Arterial Diameter and Vasculature Status on Coronary Diagnostic Parameters

ABSTRACT Fractional flow reserve (FFR), the ratio of the pressures distal (P d ) and proximal (P a ) to a stenosis, and coronary flow reserve (CFR), the ratio of flows at maximal vasodilation to the resting condition, are widely used for determining the functional severity of a coronary artery stenosis. However, the diameter of the native artery might influence the FFR values. Therefore, using an in-vitro experimental study, we tested the variation of FFR for two arterial diameters, 2.5 mm (N1) and 3 mm (N2). We hypothesize that FFR is not influenced by native arterial diameter. For both N1 and N2, vasodilation-distal perfusion pressure (CFR-P rh ) curves were obtained using a 0.35 mm guidewire by simulating physiologic flows under different blockage conditions: mild (64% area stenosis (AS)), intermediate (80% AS) and severe (90% AS). The FFR values for the two arterial models differed insignificantly, within 3%, for mild and intermediate stenoses but differed appreciably for severe stenosis (~25%). This significant difference in FFR values for severe stenosis can be attributed to relatively larger difference in guidewire obstruction effect at the stenotic throat region of the two native arterial models. These findings confirm that FFR will not differ for the clinically relevant cases of mild and intermediate stenosis for different arterial diameters