Association between e-cigarette use and myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The popularity of e-cigarettes has risen dramatically over the last few years, particularly among the younger population. Although the use of combustible cigarettes has established evidence to be associated with the development of several adverse cardiopulmonary diseases, the investigations regarding the prospective long-term effects of e-cigarette use on the cardiovascular system have just begun. We set to investigate if there is an association between the history of MI and e-cigarette use among smokers and non-smokers?Methods: The current review aims to assess the association of myocardial infarction with e-cigarette consumption. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were queried up to October 2022 to identify articles assessing the incidence of myocardial infarction among e-cigarette users. Data were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model to derive odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals.Results: Nine studies involving 984,764 patients were included. The mean age of e-cigarette smokers was less than the controls, and female participants dominated the sample size. E-cigarette users were associated with increased odds of MI than non-users [OR = 1.44; 95% CI (1.22, 1.74); P \u3c 0.0001]. Dual users were also associated with increased odds of MI with large effect when compared to non-users [OR = 4.04; 95% CI (3.40, 4.81); P \u3c 0.00001].Conclusions: Dual use is associated with an increased risk of MI than e-cigarette use only. Similarly, dual and solely e-cigarette consumption patterns of nicotine delivery are at a higher risk of MI than non-smokers

Advanced Carbon Materials: Base of 21st Century Scientific Innovations in Chemical, Polymer, Sensing and Energy Engineering

Advance carbon material that includes graphene, fullerenes, hierarchical carbon, and CNTs are referred to as strength of revolution and advancement in the era of material science and technology. In general, 20th century corresponds to plastic meanwhile 21st century will be named as “Century of Graphene” owing to its exceptional physical properties. Graphene is now well-known and prominent 2D carbon allotrope that is considered as multipurpose material in comparison with any material discovered on earth. One of the interesting properties of graphene is strongest and lightest material that enables it to conduct electricity and heat as compared to any other material. Such features permit it to utilize in numerous applications including biosensors, electronic industry, environmental remediation, drug delivery, energy storage, and production as well. Owing to these capabilities, it can be stated that graphene can be utilized to improve effectiveness and performance of existing substances and materials. In the future, conjugation of graphene with other 2D material will be devolved to produce further remarkable compounds that make it appropriate for an extensive variety of applications. This chapter grants the utilization and applications of advanced carbons materials in chemical, polymer, sensing and energy enegineering

CO2 SOLUBILITY IN AQUEOUS MONOETHANOLAMINE WITH 1-ETHYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM TETRAFLUOROBORATE

Aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) solution (15 wt%) was mixed with 5, 10, 15 wt% ionic liquid namely, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([emim][BF4]). CO2 solubility in aq. MEA and aq. MEA-IL mixtures was measured experimentally at T = 298.15 K and over a pressure range of 100 to 3000 kPa. The addition of IL in the aq. MEA solutions affected its solubility. The solubility of all the mixtures increased with increase in pressure

Correlation of MRI-detected vulnerable carotid plaques with clinical presentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

To determine the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)- detected vulnerable Carotid Plaques and clinical presentation related to ipsilateral carotid artery territory

Association between e-cigarette use and myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background The popularity of e-cigarettes has risen dramatically over the last few years, particularly among the younger population. Although the use of combustible cigarettes has established evidence to be associated with the development of several adverse cardiopulmonary diseases, the investigations regarding the prospective long-term effects of e-cigarette use on the cardiovascular system have just begun. We set to investigate if there is an association between the history of MI and e-cigarette use among smokers and non-smokers? Methods The current review aims to assess the association of myocardial infarction with e-cigarette consumption. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were queried up to October 2022 to identify articles assessing the incidence of myocardial infarction among e-cigarette users. Data were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model to derive odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. Results Nine studies involving 984,764 patients were included. The mean age of e-cigarette smokers was less than the controls, and female participants dominated the sample size. E-cigarette users were associated with increased odds of MI than non-users [OR = 1.44; 95% CI (1.22, 1.74); P < 0.0001]. Dual users were also associated with increased odds of MI with large effect when compared to non-users [OR = 4.04; 95% CI (3.40, 4.81); P < 0.00001]. Conclusions Dual use is associated with an increased risk of MI than e-cigarette use only. Similarly, dual and solely e-cigarette consumption patterns of nicotine delivery are at a higher risk of MI than non-smokers

Delayed colorectal cancer care during covid-19 pandemic (decor-19). Global perspective from an international survey

Background The widespread nature of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been unprecedented. We sought to analyze its global impact with a survey on colorectal cancer (CRC) care during the pandemic. Methods The impact of COVID-19 on preoperative assessment, elective surgery, and postoperative management of CRC patients was explored by a 35-item survey, which was distributed worldwide to members of surgical societies with an interest in CRC care. Respondents were divided into two comparator groups: 1) ‘delay’ group: CRC care affected by the pandemic; 2) ‘no delay’ group: unaltered CRC practice. Results A total of 1,051 respondents from 84 countries completed the survey. No substantial differences in demographics were found between the ‘delay’ (745, 70.9%) and ‘no delay’ (306, 29.1%) groups. Suspension of multidisciplinary team meetings, staff members quarantined or relocated to COVID-19 units, units fully dedicated to COVID-19 care, personal protective equipment not readily available were factors significantly associated to delays in endoscopy, radiology, surgery, histopathology and prolonged chemoradiation therapy-to-surgery intervals. In the ‘delay’ group, 48.9% of respondents reported a change in the initial surgical plan and 26.3% reported a shift from elective to urgent operations. Recovery of CRC care was associated with the status of the outbreak. Practicing in COVID-free units, no change in operative slots and staff members not relocated to COVID-19 units were statistically associated with unaltered CRC care in the ‘no delay’ group, while the geographical distribution was not. Conclusions Global changes in diagnostic and therapeutic CRC practices were evident. Changes were associated with differences in health-care delivery systems, hospital’s preparedness, resources availability, and local COVID-19 prevalence rather than geographical factors. Strategic planning is required to optimize CRC care