Relationship Between Leptin and Obesity in Mexican Chidren

Purpose: The expression and secretion of the leptin are thoroughly related with the regulation of food intake, energy balance and body fat. Obesity is defined as excess of body fat. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship among the nutritional state and the percentage of body fat with the levels of leptin in 10 to 13 year old children living in the city of Durango, Mexico. Method: The study was carried out with 823 elementary school children. The selection was done at random. The biochemical studies were done in a subpopulation of 425 children. Each child underwent the following studies: sociodemographic, anthropometric and corporal composition. After fasting overnight, a venous blood sample was obtained. Leptin, glucose, lipid profile, insulin, Insulin growth factor, growth hormone, cortisol, TNF-alpha and C-reactive protein were determined in serum. The nutritional state was calculated according the age and sex specific BMI values developed by the CDC. Fat mass content was determined using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (Tanita TBF-215). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS14. Results: The studied population included 428 (52%) boys and 395 (48%) girls. Mean age was 11.50 years. The prevalence of overweight including obesity (≥85th percentile of the IMC) was 36.7%. The mean of the percentage of corporal fat in the women was 27.04 and in the males 22.05 (p \u3c0.05). The mean of the concentration of leptin in the women was 27.84 ng/mL and in the males 17.62 (p \u3c0.05). In the female group the leptin level increased with the age. The mean of leptin concentration in the group with ≥95th percentile of the IMC was higher (47.07 ng/mL) than those with 5-84.99th percentile of the IMC (14.01 ng/mL) (p \u3c0.05). The mean of leptin concentration in the group with \u3c20% body fat was lower (8.92 ng/mL) than the group with ≥40% body fat (59.94 ng/mL) (p \u3c0.05). Conclusions: The leptin level was associated with gender, body mass index (IMC) and body fat

Relación entre hipertensión arterial y obesidad central en madres de familia

Arterial hypertension (AHT) is associated with other diseases, primarily obesity. Its high prevalence represents a serious health problem in the world. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between arterial hypertension and central obesity in mothers of three urban areas of the city of Durango, Mexico. In order to accomplish this goal, a cross-sectional study was conducted through a printed validated survey, which included 806 participants. Information about their socio-demographic characteristics and background of hypertensive disease was obtained. Measurements of blood pressure, circumference of waist and hip were performed. The analysis included descriptive statistics, tests of independence and epidemiological risk measurement. The participants had age mean of 41.4 years and 9 years of completed schooling. 59.8 % were married, 69.3 % housewives and 87.8 % affiliated with any health institution. The reported prevalence of hypertension was of 20.3 %; in 50.6 % of the total population family history of the disease was present. Elevated blood pressure obtained by direct measurement was 19.7%. Systolic hypertension was found in 8.4 % and diastolic in 17.3 %. Abdominal obesity was evident in 82.9 %; the risk of developing AHT was 3.1 times higher in mothers with abdominal obesity. Family history of hypertension and central obesity, one of the main cardiovascular risk factors, increased the risk for developing hypertensive diseaseLa hipertensión arterial (HTA) está asociada con el padecimiento de otras enfermedades y de la obesidad. Su alta prevalencia representa un serio problema de salud en el mundo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la relación entre hipertensión arterial y obesidad central en madres de familia de tres colonias de la ciudad de Durango, Durango, México. Para ello, se hizo un estudio transversal con una población de 806 madres de familia. Se realizaron mediciones de tensión arterial, circunferencia de cintura y cadera. El análisis estadístico incluyó descriptivos, pruebas de independencia y medición de riesgo epidemiológico. Se obtuvo información de características sociodemográficas y antecedentes de la enfermedad hipertensiva. Las participantes presentaron como media de edad 41.4 años y de escolaridad nueve años cursados. El 59.8 % eran casadas, el 69.3 % eran amas de casa y el 87.8 % tenía afiliación a alguna institución de salud. La prevalencia de hipertensión reportada por las participantes fue 20.3 %; en el 50.6 % de la población total estuvo presente el antecedente familiar de la enfermedad. La tensión arterial elevada obtenida por medición directa fue 19.7 %. Se encontró hipertensión sistólica en 8.4 % y diastólica en 17.3 %. La obesidad abdominal se evidenció en 82.9 %; el riesgo de presentar hipertensión arterial fue 3.1 veces mayor en las madres con obesidad abdominal. El riesgo de padecer enfermedad hipertensiva se elevó en los pacientes con antecedente familiar de HTA y con padecimiento de obesidad central, la cual es también considerada uno de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular