Límites éticos y jurídicos de la investigación biomédica

El desarrollo científico en el campo de la Biomedicina ha generado una nueva forma de aproximarse al estudio del ser humano mediante técnicas de investigación que incluyen, entre otras, la ingeniería genética, la reproducción humana asistida y los trasplantes de órganos. El presente trabajo permite situar un marco general sobre los distintos aspectos generales que regulan e inciden en la investigación biomédica.The advance of science has created a new way of approaching the study of the human being through biomedical research techniques and their protection, with focused issues, genetic engineering, assisted human reproduction, mechanisms of artificial fertilization, transplants organ and, in general, in the various processes in the context of biomedical research. The present review lets you put a framework on various general aspects that regulate and influence biomedical research in general, and the various existing to it, combining the legislative limits, and ethical aspect

Corporate social responsibility reports: A review of the evolution, approaches and prospects

within organizations, especially after the development of strategies and different international regulations, such as the Global Compact and the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda or Directive 2014/ 95/EU. This, together with the boom in CSR research and business management, has given rise to heterogeneity in the conceptualization and management of CSR report. Consequently, this research study proposes a bibliometric and systematic analysis of 4966 research articles, available in the Scopus repository and published during the period of 2001–2021, to improve the conceptualization and management of CSR communication. The documents analyzed were research articles that included concepts such as CSR, communication, and reporting in the title, abstract and keywords and that were published in the 21st century. The results show an exponential growth in scientific production in recent years, coinciding with the development of strategies and international regulations, and with a high percentage of authors, institutions and countries coming from the European Union. Additionally, the main characteristics of the research are obtained alongside data on the most productive authors, institutions, journals, and countries, in addition to information about their international cooperation networks. Finally, the results present the most relevant contributions in regard to the four research topics detected, namely: (a) accountability; (b) disclosure of performance; (c) management of the organization; (d) corporate strategy; and (e) corporate reputation. These results indicate a broad multidisciplinarity of this line of research. Finally, future lines of research that can contribute to improving or expanding the current findings in this research area are established

Health Literacy and Its Sociodemographic Predictors: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Population in Madrid (Spain)

Background: Health literacy enhances a population’s self-care capacity and helps to reduce health inequalities. This work examines the health literacy of a population attending primary care services and explores its relationship with sociodemographic factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted at a healthcare center in the Madrid region (Spain), involved adult patients requiring primary care nursing services. One hundred and sixty-six participants were recruited via systematic random sampling. Health literacy was measured using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ). Results: The studied population showed higher health literacy scores for literacy dimensions 1 (feeling understood and supported by healthcare providers) and 4 (social support for health); the lowest scores were recorded for dimensions 5 (appraisal of health information) and 8 (ability to find good health information). People with a better perceived health status showed a higher level of health literacy. People over 65 years of age, those with an incomplete secondary education, and those who were unemployed returned lower scores for several literacy dimensions. Conclusions: The results contribute to our understanding of the factors that influence health literacy. Identifying the areas in which patients show the poorest health literacy may help us comprehend their needs and better support them

Shaping a “localized” journalism in European digital media. A study of cases

Introducción: La información de proximidad se perfila como un elemento político central en la construcción de comunidades locales en la Red. En un contexto hiperconectado, queremos conceptualizar una modalidad de servicio público: el periodismo “localizado”. Metodología: En este artículo se emplea la estrategia de investigación del estudio de casos para valorar la “localización” informativa de la Unión Europea en tres cibermedios locales de diferentes países: Berliner Zeitung, This is Local London y Sevilla Actualidad. Esta aproximación empírica mediante el análisis de casos sirve para enmarcar una revisión crítica de la literatura sobre información local. Resultados y discusión: Se aprecia superficialidad y falta de lenguajes digitales en los ejemplos. Esto puede ser contrarrestado con una información sencilla y práctica, como refleja el texto de This is Local London sobre el cambio de hora europeo. La información “localizada” requiere vocación utilitarista y nuevas fórmulas que conecten más con la audiencia, como las narrativas transmedia.Introduction: Local journalism is emerging as a central political element in the shaping of local communities on the Internet. In an hyperconnected context, this research aims to conceptualize a form of public service: “localized” journalism. Method: This paper employs the study of cases research strategy to assess the journalistic “location” of the European Union in three local digital media from different countries: Berliner Zeitung, This is Local Londonand Sevilla Actualidad. This empirical approach through the study of cases works as a frame for a critical review of the literature on local journalism. Results and discussion: Superficiality and lack of digital languages are found in the examples. This can be counteracted by simple and practical information, as showed in the analyzed text of This is Local Londonaddressing European seasonal clock change. The “localized” information requires a utilitarian view and new formulas that connect more with the audience, like transmedia narratives

Covering the EU at local level: A multiple-case study in Germany, the UK and Spain

In recent years, European journalists show a preference for opinionated stories in a growing movement triggered by the acceleration of the political information cycle in the digital sphere. This research aims to analyze how reporting the EU meets quality standards, comparing the coverage of EU affairs in local media from Germany, the United Kingdom (UK) and Spain. We content-analyze all the published news items on European issues, collected over a one-year period (2018–2019). Local media are selected because of their relationship with democracy in nearby communities. Based on a corpus of 1093 news stories, the results show that the number of statements was high; meanwhile, we detected a negative bias in every media outlet of the sample, but some differences were also found linking to national contexts. Likewise, our study provides evidence on the shaping of low-quality news about the EU, arguing that this practice could boost a polarized climate

Adherence to a mediterranean diet in secondary school population of Guadix

Abstract: The Mediterranean Diet is considered one of the healthiest and important models diet to follow to ensure prevention of diseases. The current society is leading to changes in the monitoring and quality of the patterns that make up the Mediterranean Diet (DM). The main objective of the study is to test the degree of adhesion of the population schooled in Guadix (Granada) to the DM. The study involved a total of 210 people, randomly selected, of the 7 schools in the city of Guadix (Granada), who completed the validated questionnaire KIDMED, distributed in a period of 3 months. Data from the questionnaire, both the issues raised as its analysis, was carried out according to what is established in the study of Serra et al. (2004) on the development of KIDMED in childhood and adolescence. The results do not indicate a low quality of the Mediterranean Diet but adjustments must be made particularly in the consumption of vegetables, fruits, vegetables, nuts, fish, sweets, and food items of the breakfast

¿Comprenden y aceptan los estudiantes la evolución? Un estudio en bachillerato y universidad

We show an understanding of basic concepts of evolutionary theory in a group of high school students in sciences and humanities, as well as among biological science and primary teaching students. Students declare their level of acceptance of this theory, its importance for science and potential conflicts that it generates them with their personal beliefs. The results indicate that there is no significant conflict with their personal beliefs. It is remarkable the low level in responses between high school students and science students in the final year of science. The results are discussed considering the possible implications for teacher education at different levels.Mostramos la comprensión de conceptos básicos de la teoría evolutiva en un conjunto de estudiantes de bachillerato de ciencias y humanidades, así como entre estudiantes de ciencias y de magisterio. Los estudiantes declaran su nivel de aceptación de esta teoría, su importancia para la ciencia y los posibles conflictos que les genera con sus creencias personales. Los resultados indican que no hay grandes conflictos personales. Es notable el escaso nivel en las respuestas en estudiantes del bachillerato de ciencias y del último curso de ciencias biológicas. Los resultados se discuten considerando las posibles implicaciones para la formación del profesorado en sus distintos niveles.Palabras clave: teoría evolutiva; creencias personales; enseñanza de la biología.Do students understand and accept biological evolution? A study on high school and university students.We show an understanding of basic concepts of evolutionary theory in a group of high school students in sciences and humanities, as well as among biological science and primary teaching students. Students declare their level of acceptance of this theory, its importance for science and potential conflicts that it generates them with their personal beliefs. The results indicate that there is no significant conflict with their personal beliefs. It is remarkable the low level in responses between high school students and science students in the final year of science. The results are discussed considering the possible implications for teacher education at different levels.Keywords: evolutionary theory; personal beliefs; teaching biology

¿Comprenden y aceptan los estudiantes la evolución? Un estudio en bachillerato y universidad

Mostramos la comprensión de conceptos básicos de la teoría evolutiva en un conjunto de estudiantes de bachillerato de ciencias y humanidades, así como entre estudiantes de ciencias y de magisterio. Los estudiantes declaran su nivel de aceptación de esta teoría, su importancia para la ciencia y los posibles conflictos que les genera con sus creencias personales. Los resultados indican que no hay grandes conflictos personales. Es notable el escaso nivel en las respuestas en estudiantes del bachillerato de ciencias y del último curso de ciencias biológicas. Los resultados se discuten considerando las posibles implicaciones para la formación del profesorado en sus distintos niveles.We show an understanding of basic concepts of evolutionary theory in a group of high school students in sciences and humanities, as well as among biological science and primary teaching students. Students declare their level of acceptance of this theory, its importance for science and potential conflicts that it generates them with their personal beliefs. The results indicate that there is no significant conflict with their personal beliefs. It is remarkable the low level in responses between high school students and science students in the final year of science. The results are discussed considering the possible implications for teacher education at different levels

Do students understand and accept biological evolution? A study on high school and university students.

Mostramos la comprensión de conceptos básicos de la teoría evolutiva en un conjunto de estudiantes de bachillerato de ciencias y humanidades, así como entre estudiantes de ciencias y de magisterio. Los estudiantes declaran su nivel de aceptación de esta teoría, su importancia para la ciencia y los posibles conflictos que les genera con sus creencias personales. Los resultados indican que no hay grandes conflictos personales. Es notable el escaso nivel en las respuestas en estudiantes del bachillerato de ciencias y del último curso de ciencias biológicas. Los resultados se discuten considerando las posibles implicaciones para la formación del profesorado en sus distintos niveles.We show an understanding of basic concepts of evolutionary theory in a group of high school students in sciences and humanities, as well as among biological science and primary teaching students. Students declare their level of acceptance of this theory, its importance for science and potential conflicts that it generates them with their personal beliefs. The results indicate that there is no significant conflict with their personal beliefs. It is remarkable the low level in responses between high school students and science students in the final year of science. The results are discussed considering the possible implications for teacher education at different levels

Impact of a Community Intervention for Early Skin Cancer Diagnosis Implementing Teledermatology

The principal cause of skin cancer is sun exposure. In areas with high sun exposure levels, early diagnosis and sun protection education strategies must be developed. Aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of an early skin cancer diagnosis intervention implementing teledermatology. Transversal descriptive study on a population in the Western Costa del Sol. Primary care physicians were instructed on skin cancer diagnosis. They recruited consecutive at-risk patients and held four workshops for early skin cancer diagnosis and education on sun protection. The resulting variables on participants’ satisfaction and intention to change were collected. 393 patients were recruited. The mean age was 52.9 years, and 65.4% were women. Suspicious lesions were detected in 24.1% of participants, and 11.7% were attended to via teledermatology. Of these, 65.2% were evaluated in person at the Dermatology Department. Fourteen basal cell carcinomas, 5 squamous cell carcinomas, and 2 melanomas were diagnosed. Regarding patient satisfaction, 67.7% found all aspects of the workshops of interest, 41.7% found the skin check-up of interest, and 26.4% found sun and skin cancer prevention information of interest. Of the patients attended to via teledermatology, 100% stated it was good or very good and 100% would consult again via this method. The intervention was successful in terms of participation, skin cancer diagnosis, and satisfaction, especially compared with other international campaigns. Therefore, although the data cannot be extrapolated to all environments, this initiative may be used as the basis for the development of future interventions