The Future of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) after COVID19 Pandemic

Industrial IoT (IIoT) devices obtain, analyse, and use data from connected equipment, Operational Technology (OT), locations, and people. IIoT helps to regulate and monitor industrial systems. Also, the same implementation can be carried out for automated record updates of asset placement in industrial storage units. IIoT can realize the seamless integration of various manufacturing devices equipped with sensing, identification, processing, communication, actuation, and networking capabilities. Based on such a highly integrated smart cyber-physical space, it opens the door to create whole new business and market opportunities for manufacturing. Network control and management of manufacturing equipment, asset and situation management, or manufacturing process control bring the IIoT within the realm of industrial applications and smart manufacturing as well. IIoT in manufacturing could generate so much business value that it will eventually lead to the Fifth Industrial Revolution, also referred to as Industry 5.0. Though IIoT is getting widely explored and used by many global organizations, especially with the current COVID19 Pandemic situation. The global industry moves to address these concerns have begun including the development of international standards. This study examines the prospects of Industrial IoT and its application in the global business sectors for doing their businesses more effectively and efficiently. This study would assess the most suitable IIoT models of various IIoT services offerings industries will likely use. The study will also analyse risks and challenges for the global business entities, while adopting IIoT technologies and service offerings along with their actual needs, wants, desires, suitability, requirements, and expectations

PHYSICOCHEMICAL MODIFICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF CARBON NANO-ONIONS FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE

Carbon nano-onions (CNOs), concentrically multilayered fullerenes, are prepared by several different methods. We are studying the properties of two specific CNOs: A-CNOs and N-CNOs. A-CNOs are synthesized by underwater arc discharge, and N-CNOs are synthesized by high-temperature graphitization of commercial nanodiamond. In this study the synthesis of A-CNOs are optimized by designing an arc discharge aparatus to control the arc plasma. Moreover other synthesis parameters such as arc power, duty cycles, temperature, graphitic and metal impurities are controlled for optimum production of A-CNOs. Also, a very efficient purification method is developed to screen out A-CNOs from carboneseous and metal impurities. In general, A-CNOs are larger than N-CNOs (ca. 30 nm vs. 7 nm diameter). The high surface area, appropriate mesoporosity, high thermal stability and high electrical conductivity of CNOs make them a promising material for various applications. These hydrophobic materials are functionalized with organic groups on their outer layers to study their surface chemistry and to decorate with metal oxide nanoparticles. Both CNOs and CNO nanocomposites are investigated for application in electrochemical capacitors (ECs). The influences of pH, concentration and additives on the performance of the composites are studied. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate high specific capacitance and high cycling stability with high energy and power density of the composite materials in aqueous electrolyte

Stabilization of water treatment plant (WTP) residuals using sorbond

Disposal of water treatment plant (WTP) residuals has always been an important consideration for the water industry. Stringent water quality standards, environmental regulations, and unavailability of land for ultimate disposal affect disposal of large amounts of this residual. The search for alternate economical disposal options and beneficial use are probably the next most logical and economical step to take. This study was performed to explore the possibility of stabilization of water treatment plant (WTP) residuals using additives. Three water treatment plant (WTP) residuals from treatment plants in New Jersey were used for the analysis. The objective of this research is to, if possible, present an acceptable application such as engineering fill for this stabilized product. The investigation was divided into three phases: Study the geotechnical characteristics of the WTP residuals Review possible disposal options of WTP residuals and investigate use of WTP residuals in brickmaking Develop and test of Sorbond® stabilized WTP residuals. In the first phase of this study, the WTP residuals were characterized and the geotechnical properties evaluated. This was done to understand and differentiate between the types of WTP residuals being tested. In the second phase, attempts were made to replicate and formulate a procedure to successfully manufacture quality residual-amended bricks. WTP residuals were mixed with various additives such as fly ash, kiln dust, shale etc to manufacture bricks. This effort failed to produce promising results, as the author was unable to develop a proper manufacturing process under the laboratory setup. The residual amended brick molds from the kiln were soft and showed numerous cracks throughout the body. Thus further testing on the brick molds could not be carried out. The third phase dealt with mixing different types of Sorbond® with WTP residuals. Unconfined compressive strength, compaction tests and durability tests were conducted on the final cured samples. The results were compared with the properties of WTP residuals to illuminate the change, if any, in the properties. The results indicate that the residual-sorbond® mix showed better strength values as compared to the WTP residuals. Also the freeze-thaw and wet-dry durability characteristics of the residual-sorbond mix was greatly enhanced to qualify the product for engineering applications. A proportion of sorbond®, as low as 10% by dry weight, mixed with WTP residual can be compacted in the field provided the mix was allowed to dry for two days

A. K. Ramanujan: A Leading Indo-Anglican Poet

Ramanujan is one of the prominent Indo-Anglican Poets. Some critics consider him to be one of the three great Indo-Anglican poets, the other two being Nissim Ezekiel and Kamala Das. Ramanujan’s poetry is largely autobiographical and thought-provoking. The themes Ramanujan considers in his poetry are limited in scope, but some other passages of his poetry largely compensate for that inadequacy. Inversely important as a theme in Ramanujan’s poetry is his Hindu heritage. Ramanujan has shown a sharp and intense textual sensitivity in his poetry. Ramanujan is one of the most competent and professed craftsmen in Indo-Anglican poetry. Among the silent features of Ramanujan’s poetry is its cerebral literalism. His poetry abounds in boons of world and expression. Ramanujan generally writes in free verse without the importance of punctuation, but he does relatively frequently introduce rhyme and assonance into his poems. Another striking point of Ramanujan’s poetry is the ascendance in it of irony. Irony too is a device that is employed by nearly every Indo-Anglican poet, but Ramanujan makes use of this device in nearly every poem. Ramanujan’s poetry contains distinctive and distinguishable imagery from the imagery of other Indo-Anglican Poets

Actualizing the Traits of Romanticism in the Poetic Expressions of John Keats

In many ways, John Keats is the most romantic poet ever. Unlike classical poetry, which seeks to portray social experience, romantic poetry focuses on the total expression of the person. Various romantic poets include political or social commentary in their works. But Keats’ poetry is not a means of conveying any prophecy or message. His poetry is for the sake of poetry. There is no moral, political, or social significance to it. Thus, it is the truest poetry. According to Peter, “the addition of strangeness of beauty” is what gives literature its romantic element. Keats is most romantic in his straightforward quest for beauty, in everything else less so. Deity is beauty, and the truth is beauty in his eyes. His faith is beauty; thus, he will always find joy in things of beauty. He fully loses himself and his surroundings in his search for beauty. Romantic poetry describes the world of dreams rather than reality. In a realm of romance and beauty, the romantic poet looks for an escape from the harsh truths of reality. Insofar as he is the most escapist of all the poets, Keats is the most romantic. In his “Ode to a Nightingale”, the poet contrasts his own misery with the delight of the bird. The defining quality of Romantic poets is sensuality. Keats is primarily a sensualist poet

A Trust-Based Group Key Management Protocol for Non-Networks

In this paper, a secure and trust-based group key management protocol (GKMP) is presented for non-networks such as MANET/VANET. The scheme provides secure communication for group members in a dynamic network environment and does not restrict the users (registered or non-registered), allowing for flexible group communication. The proposed scheme is designed to address the challenges of key distribution, secure grouping, and secure communication. For result evaluation, first of all formal and informal security analysis was done and then compared with existing protocols. The proposed trust-based GKMP protocol satisfies the authentication, confidentiality of messages, forward/backward security concurrently as well as shows robustness in terms of packet delivery ratio and throughput

Black-Box Data-efficient Policy Search for Robotics

The most data-efficient algorithms for reinforcement learning (RL) in robotics are based on uncertain dynamical models: after each episode, they first learn a dynamical model of the robot, then they use an optimization algorithm to find a policy that maximizes the expected return given the model and its uncertainties. It is often believed that this optimization can be tractable only if analytical, gradient-based algorithms are used; however, these algorithms require using specific families of reward functions and policies, which greatly limits the flexibility of the overall approach. In this paper, we introduce a novel model-based RL algorithm, called Black-DROPS (Black-box Data-efficient RObot Policy Search) that: (1) does not impose any constraint on the reward function or the policy (they are treated as black-boxes), (2) is as data-efficient as the state-of-the-art algorithm for data-efficient RL in robotics, and (3) is as fast (or faster) than analytical approaches when several cores are available. The key idea is to replace the gradient-based optimization algorithm with a parallel, black-box algorithm that takes into account the model uncertainties. We demonstrate the performance of our new algorithm on two standard control benchmark problems (in simulation) and a low-cost robotic manipulator (with a real robot).Comment: Accepted at the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 2017; Code at http://github.com/resibots/blackdrops; Video at http://youtu.be/kTEyYiIFGP

Sequencing Closterium moniliferum: Future prospects in nuclear waste disposal

AbstractGenome sequencing can play a vital role in health and several other domains such as in nuclear outflow related environmental issues. The power of information derived out of sequencing has been used in the field of health care, evolutionary studies and for better understanding of the biological framework of life. Through the recent advancements in sequencing studies, now the researchers are aiming to use its power in non conventional areas. Here we have discussed on the importance of sequencing the Closterium moniliferum genome which will prove to be a future endeavour in nuclear cleanup and radioactive waste disposal