Sociospatial patterning of the use of new transport infrastructure: Walking, cycling and bus travel on the Cambridgeshire guided busway

Background New transport infrastructure may help promote active travel, thereby contributing to increasing overall physical activity and population health gain. In 2011 a guided busway with a path for walking and cycling was opened in Cambridgeshire, UK. This paper investigates the predictors of walking, cycling and bus use on the busway. Methods Cross-sectional analyses of the final questionnaire wave (2012) of the Commuting and Health in Cambridge cohort study following the opening of the busway. Participants were 453 adult commuters who had not moved home or workplace. Busway use was self-reported and proximity calculated using GIS. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess predictors of walking, cycling and bus use on the busway. Results Exposure to the intervention (proximity: the negative square root of the distance from home to busway in kilometres) increased the odds of use for cycling (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.58 to 3.00), bus travel (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.02) and walking (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.70). The effect of exposure was strengthened in towns for bus use, and in towns and villages for walking, compared with urban areas. Men were more likely than women to have cycled on the busway, whereas individual socioeconomic characteristics did not predict bus use or walking. Conclusion New high-quality transport infrastructure attracts users, determined by geographical exposure and spatial contextual factors such as settlement size and availability of parking at work. Future longitudinal analyses will determine effects on overall travel and physical activity behaviour change

Supporting fathers in the transition to parenthood

Knowledge of the experience of parenthood is usually from a woman’s perspective. The resulting outcome is that knowledge about the experience of fatherhood has been limited. Fathers are starting to change this situation by sharing their experience as is evidenced by the overall response of 267 fathers to this study. This paper focuses on the exploration of 22 men’s feelings and beliefs about fatherhood; and their expectations and views about parenting. The paper will also investigate how fathers’ antenatal expectations matched the reality of early family life including emotional well-being, attitudes to parenting, adjustment to family life and sources of support. The quantitative and qualitative data of the 22 fathers who responded to both the antenatal and postnatal questionnaires used within this paper are drawn from a larger Queensland survey of women and men during the antenatal and postnatal period

Rapid Bilateral Visual Loss in a Young Man

Progressive bilateral loss of vision; HeadacheA 16-year-old mildly retarded, institutionalized man gave a 2 week history of bilateral progressive visual loss and complained of headaches.For the former, he was refracted by an optometrist (20/200 OD; 20/100 OS) and for the latter treated with indomethecin by an internist affiliated with the institution.Enhancing lesion of the pituitary fossa1. Korinthenberg R, Edel G, et al: Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the leptomeninx: Clinical, neuroradiological, and pathological aspects. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 86-4:301-305, 1984. 2. Olson JJ, Menazes AH, et al: Primary intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma. Neurosurgery 17(l):25-34, 1985. 3. Roy S, Bhatia R, Nanda NR: Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the cerebellum. J Pathol 132:235-241, 1980. 4. Matsukado Y, Yokoda A, Marubayashi T: Rhabdomyosarcoma of the brain. J Neurosurg 43:215-221, 1975. 5. Shin KH, Whitehead VM: Rhabdomyosarcoma of the brain. Can J Surg 23:576-578, 1980. 6. Masuzawa T, Shimabukuro H, et al: The ultrastructure of primary cerebral rhabdomyosarcoma. Acta Neuropath (Berl) 56:307-310, 1982. 7. Lopez F: Rhabdomyommals primartumor des w kleinhirnbrukenwinkels. Z Gesamte Neurol Psychiat 150:242-251, 1937. 8. Jakobiec, F: Ocular and adnexal tumors. Birmingham, Aesculapius Publishing Co., 1978, pp 669-679. 9. Breen LA, Kline LB, Hart WM, Burde RM: Rhabdomyosarcoma causing rapid bilateral visual loss in children. Clin Neuro-ophthal. 4:185-188, 1984