Adenocarcinoma gástrico em uma unidade de alta complexidade em oncologia

O objetivo do artigo foi descrever as características e hábitos de vida de indivíduos com adenocarcinoma gástrico, bem como, os tipos de tratamentos utilizados. Estudo de caráter quantitativo e descritivo, do tipo série de casos em uma unidade de alta complexidade em oncologia (UNACON) na cidade de Feira de Santana, Bahia, 2015. Foram aplicados questionários com perguntas de identificação, dados sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida, saúde geral e aspectos do tratamento. Foram verificados 10 casos de adenocarcinoma gástrico (3,9%), sendo quatro homens e seis mulheres. A média de idade foi 54,6 anos, com a maioria relatando residência na zona urbana (60,0%), com um nível de renda baixo (< 1 salário mínimo) e predomínio de pretos/pardos (80%). Em relação aos hábitos de vida, os indivíduos referiam não praticar atividade física (100%), história de consumo de álcool (90%) e fumo em 70% dos casos. A maioria declarou não haver ou não ter havido algum caso de câncer na família (80%) e 40% fizeram cirurgia associada à quimioterapia como tratamento. A pesquisa permitiu traçar um perfil de características individuais e clínicas de pacientes com adenocarcinoma gástrico possibilitando a compreensão da interação dos fatores de risco da doença e a reorganização de estratégias de prevenção mais efetiva

The use of radiotherapy in the treatment of oral cancer / O uso da radioterapia no tratamento do câncer oral

Most of the development of neoplasms has epithelial origin, and the most frequent for oral cancer is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), of which one should be aware of the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that may be relevant in the development of precancerous lesions. The diagnosis of this type of cancer is made with clinical, histopathological and imaging exams. Thus, this ressearch was carried out with the objetive to address the treatment of oral cancer through radiotherapy, identifying different techniques for the use of radiation and establishing measures that help in the control of radiation beams in the face of the exposed pathology. This study had as source articles published in the electronic databases LILACS and PubMed, between 1996 and 2020 through the descriptors: “radiotherapy", "oral cancer”. Radiotherapy for oral cancer can be performed in an adjuvant or neoadjuvant way, providing radiation by teletherapy through techniques known as Conventional Radiotherapy, Conformational Radiotherapy, and Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy. Although radiotherapy is capable to eliminate tumor cells, abnormalities induced by radiation may appear inside the oral cavity, and these abnormalities can be minimized by controlling radiation doses distribution in addition to significant protection of adjacent healthy tissues through the use of intraoral devices, contributing to the improvement of the patient's quality of life. 

Accuracy of three image techniques of measurement from cemento-enamel junction to alveolar crest in relation to clinical attachment level

This research aimed to determine the comparison, correlation and accuracy of three radiographic methods and one clinical method for measuring the distance between cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar crest in lower molars and bicuspids in patients with periodontal bone loss, who underwent clinical probing and vertical bite-wing radiographs. Only areas with probing depth greater or equal to 5 mm were included in the sample. The distance between cemento-enamel junction and the apical portion of 82-bone defect was verified through double-needle compass, digital caliper and the software Dentscan Dentview.  The accuracy, correlation and comparison between clinical and radiological variables were recorded. The results showed that when the attachment level was the gold standard, the double-needle compass expressed the best accuracy (71% of sensitivity and 84.5% of specificity), followed by digital caliper (0% of sensitivity and 82.8% of specificity) and Dentscan Dentview (0% of sensitivity and 75.9% of specificity) regardless of testing variable or gold standard’s location, more severe diseases were underestimated than overestimation of onset disease. The systems with digital resources showed greater measurement values than methods without digital resources. All the variables presented