PENGGUNAAN STRATEGI PENCOCOKAN KARTU INDEKS TERHADAP AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA

This research aimed to determine the effect of the matching strategy ndex cards on the activity and student learning outcomes at SD Negeri 2 Kampung Baru Bandar lampung.The design was a pretest-posttest non-equivalent groups. Claster random sampling was used choosing class IV? andIV? as subjects. The results of an index card matching strategy is effective in improving student learning activities, asking question proposing,fact, collecting data, collaboration, and making conclusions. Obtained an average students learning activities have moderate criterion (71.94). Improvement of students learning outcomes (N-gain 67.42), the ability of students from each indicator with average of N-gain C2(68.9), C3(64.9) and C4(64.0). Questionnaire data showed that all students (100%) was pleased to learn the material with matching strategy index cards. It can be concluded that theuse of an index card matching strategy can improved learning outcomes and students learning activities natural resources subject matter.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi pencocokan kartu indeks terhadap aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa pada siswa SD Negeri 2 Kampung Baru Bandar lampung. Desain penelitian adalah desain pretes-postes kelompok non equivalen. Teknik yang digunakan yaitu teknik claster random sampling,kelas IV?dan IV?sebagai subjek. Hasil penelitian penggunaan strategi pencocokan kartu indeks efektif dalam meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa, yaituaspek mengajukan pertanyaan, mengemukakan fakta, mengumpulkan data, bekerjasama, dan membuat kesimpulan. Diperoleh rata-rata keseluruhan aktivitas belajar siswa memiliki kriteria sedang(71,94).Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa (N-gain 67,42), kemampuan siswa dari tiap indikator denganrata-rata peningkatan N-gain C2(68,9), C3(64,9) dan C4(64,0).Data angket menunjukkan bahwa semua (100%) merasa senang mempelajari materi dengan strategi pencocokan kartu indeks. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan strategi pencocokan kartu indeks dapatmeningkatkan hasil belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa pada materi sumber daya alam.Kata kunci : aktivitas belajar, hasil belajar, strategi pencocokan kartu indeks, sumber daya ala

The quantity and quality of anti-PRP induced by the new Indonesian DTwP-HB-Hib vaccine compared to the Hib vaccine given with the DTwP-HB vaccine

Background A phase II study of DTwP-HB-Hib vaccine compared to Hib (monovalent) vaccine given simultaneously with DTwP-HB vaccine has been done following the success of phase I study in infants, where the new DTwP-HB-Hib has excellent safety profiles and antibody responses in infants. Objective To evaluate the titer (quantity), avidity, and bactericidal capacity (quality of anti-polyribosylribitol phosphate/anti-PRP), of a new combined Bio Farma DTwP-HB-Hib (pentavalent) vaccine, compared to the Hib monovalent vaccine given simultaneously with the DTwP-HB vaccine (DTwP-HB+Hib). Methods The study was a prospective, randomized, open label, phase II trial. Subjects aged 6-11 weeks were allocated according to the randomization list. The pentavalent group received the DTwP-HB-Hib vaccine, while the monovalent group received the Hib monovalent and DTwP-HB vaccines separately. Immunizations were given in three doses with 28-day intervals. Blood specimens were taken before the first dose and 28 days after the last dose. We evaluated anti-PRP titers quantity (geometric mean antibody concentration/GMC) and seroprotection), followed by avidity and bactericidal (quality) testing. Titer and avidity of anti-PRP were tested using a modified version of the improved Phipps ELISA. Bactericidal capacity was evaluated using a Hib killing assay. Immune responses against other antigens in the vaccine were reported separately. Results One hundred five subjects in the pentavalent group and 106 subjects in the Hib monovalent group were tested for anti-PRP titers. Only 102 specimens for each group were available for bactericidal testing, due to insufficient volume for testing. Both vaccines induced similar anti-PRP titers, for GMC and seroprotection. Avidity increases were 82.9% and 76.4% in the pentavalent and Hib monovalent groups, respectively. Bactericidal activities were 94.1% and 89.2%, respectively. Both avidity and bactericidal activity were not significantly different between groups. Conclusion DTwP-HB-Hib vaccine induced anti-PRP quantity and quality comparable to those of the Hib monovalent vaccine given simultaneously with the DTwP-HB vaccine

Safety and Preliminary Immunogenicity of Recombinant Hepatitis B (Bio Farma) Vaccine in Adults and Children: A Phase 1 Clinical Trial

Background: In order to fulfil the requirements of the national immunization program and sustain the production capacity of the monovalent Hepatitis B vaccine, this study aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine (Bio Farma) using the new Hepatitis B bulk. Methods: This study was an experimental, randomized, double-blinded, and controlled Phase I clinical trial, with 100 healthy subjects divided into 50 adults and 50 adolescents. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either the Bio Farma registered Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine (group A) or a new source of Hepatitis B bulk (group B). Subjects received one or three doses of vaccine, depending on the baseline anti-Hbs titer. Subjects were given diary cards to record solicited and unsolicited adverse events for 28 days following vaccination. Vaccine immunogenicity was assessed by measuring the level of HBsAg antibody titer elevation.Results: No serious adverse events were reported during clinical trials. The frequencies of adverse events were not significantly different between the two vaccine-randomized groups. The most immediately observed local reaction was local pain, reported by 35.7–42.8% of adults and 24.0–26.3% of adolescents, without any systemic reactions. Seroconversion in adults in group B reached 100% and 78.5% in group A, meanwhile in adolescent subjects in both groups it reached 100%. A substantial increase in geometric mean titer (GMT) was observed in the majority of subjects after immunization.Conclusion: Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine with a new source of HBsAg B bulk is safe, well tolerated, and highly immunogenic

Protektivitas, Reaksi Lokal dan Sistemik Pascaimunisasi dengan Vaksin Campak (Bio Farma) dari Bets Vaksin yang Berbeda pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Sumatera Barat

Post Marketing Surveillance should be conducted periodically to monitor whether the quality of marketed products is still favorable. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the protectiveness, local reaction, and systemic reaction after receiving booster dose of measles vaccine from different batch numbers. This study was a cohort study on elementary students in West Sumatra. Subjects from Agam District received measles vaccine with a batch number of 250210 while subjects from Limapuluh Kota District received measles vaccine with a batch number of 253080. Blood samples were collected before and 28 days after immunization. Antibody titers were measured using neutralization assay with a protective level of >200 mIU/mL. Local and systemic reactions were recorded within 28 days after immunization. The observation was held from November 2010 to March 2011 and involved 336 students: 170 students from Agam District and 166 students from Limapuluh Kota District. There were 1.2% students who experienced fever in the first three days after immunization, and 1(0.6%) student experienced mild fever 14 days after immunization. The most common local reaction was redness in the injection site, contributing approximately 14.48%. There were no serious adverse events after immunization. About 96.99% and 96.77% students were protected against measles 28 days after immunization in Agam and Limapuluh Kota Districts with an increase in GMT from 329.66 IU/mL to 983.43 IU/mL and from 198.00 IU/mL to 535.10 IU/mL (p=0.000). In conclusion, both measles vaccine batches show good safety and immune response

Diagnostic Performance of Urine-based HPV-DNA Test (CerviScan, Bio Farma) as Cervical Cancer Screening Tool in Adult Women: Performa Tes Diagnostik DNA-HPV berbasis Urine (CerviScan, Bio Farma) sebagai Alat Skrining Kanker Serviks pada Perempuan Dewasa

Objective: Detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) in urine specimens has been introduced recently and a new local PCR kit has been developed in Indonesia (CerviScan, Bio Farma). The objective of this study was to obtain the accuracy of hr-HPV DNA testing using the new kit (CerviScan, Bio Farma) on urine specimens against the gold standard on cervical swabs.Method: Adult women (aged 20–50 years) underwent routine general check-up or Pap test were enrolled between July and September 2022. Pairs of urine and cervical swab specimens were obtained from all subjects. HPV-DNA tests were performed using the new local PCR kit (CerviScan, Bio Farma) and the standard procedure (COBAS® 6800 HPV, Roche Molecular System). Direct sequencing was added whenever there were dispute results between the two methods. Agreement between both methods was tested using Kappa statistics. Diagnostic performance test was done on CerviScan. Results: A total of 876 women completed the examination. Agreement between CerviScan and COBAS® 6800 was substantial (K=0.662; p<0.001) and was almost perfect against COBAS® 6800 plus sequencing (K=0.828; p<0.001). The accuracy of CerviScan on urine samples was 95.8% against COBAS® 6800 and increased to 97.8% after additional sequencing. The sensitivity and specificity of CerviScan on urine samples compared to cervical swabs are 73.1% and 97.3%, respectively.Conclusion: Urine-based HPV-DNA testing with CerviScan is a reliable tool to detect high-risk HPV subtypes. It could become an alternative method for HPV-DNA testing to improve the coverage of cervical cancer screening program

Immunogenicity and safety of Quadrivalent Influenza HA vaccine compared with Trivalent Influenza HA vaccine and evaluation of Quadrivalent Influenza HA vaccine batch-to-batch consistency in Indonesian children and adults.

One of the newest strategies developed by the Global Influenza Strategy has been to broaden the composition of the current influenza vaccine formulations from trivalent products to quadrivalent products. This study aimed to assess the immunogenicity and safety of Quadrivalent Influenza HA vaccine (QIV) compared with Trivalent Influenza HA vaccine (TIV) and to evaluate three consecutive batches of QIV equivalence in Indonesian children and adults. This was an experimental, randomized, double blind, four arm parallel group bridging study involving unprimed healthy children and adults aged 9-40 years. A total of 540 subjects were enrolled in this study and randomized into four arm groups. Each subject received one dose of TIV or QIV with three different batch codes. Serology tests were performed at baseline and 28 days after vaccination. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers were analyzed for Geometric Mean Titer (GMT), seroprotection, and seroconversion rates. Solicited, unsolicited, and serious adverse events were observed up to 28 days after vaccination. A total of 537 subjects completed the study per protocol and were analyzed for immunogenicity criteria. All randomized subjects were analyzed for safety criteria. The percentage of the subjects with anti-HI titer ≥1:40 28 days after QIV vaccination was 99.5% for A/H1N1; 99.5% for A/H3N2; 93.1% for B/Texas, and 99.0% for B/Phuket. The seroprotection, GMT, and seroconversion rates of QIV were not significantly different from those of TIV for the common vaccine strains (p > 0.01) and were significantly different from those of TIV for the added B/Phuket strains (p < 0.01). Most solicited injection-site and systemic reactions with either vaccine were mild to moderate and resolved within a few days. Antibody response to QIV were equivalence among vaccine batches and comparable between age groups for each of the 4 strains. QIV was immunogenic and well-tolerated and had immunogenicity and safety profiles compared with TIV for all common strains. The immunogenicity of the three batches of QIV was equivalent for the four strains. Trial registration. Clinical Trial registration: NCT03336593

DTwP-HB-Hib: antibody persistence after a primary series, immune response and safety after a booster dose in children 18–24 months old

Abstract Background The new combination of DTwP-HB-Hib vaccines has been developed in Indonesia following World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation and integrated into national immunization program. The aims of the study were to measure 1) antibody persistence 12–18 months after a primary series, 2) immune response and safety after a booster dose of DTwP-HB-Hib. Methods This was a multi-center, open-labeled, prospective, interventional study. Subjects who had received complete primary dose of DTwP-HB-Hib vaccine from the previous phase III trial were recruited in this trial. Subjects were given one dose of DTwP-HB-Hib (Pentabio®) booster at age 18–24 months old. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, Hemophilus influenza type B antibodies were measured before and after booster to determine antibody persistence and immune response. Vaccine adverse events were assessed immediately and monitored until 28 days after the booster recorded with parent’s diary cards. Results There were 396 subjects who completed the study. Increased proportion of seroprotected subjects from pre-booster to post-booster were noted in all vaccine antigens: 74.5 to 99.7% for diphtheria; 100 to 100% for tetanus; 40.4 to 95.5% for pertussis; 90.2 to 99.5% for hepatitis B; and 97.7 to 100% for Hib. Common systemic adverse events (AEs) were irritability (23.7–25%) and fever (39.9–45.2%). Local AEs such as redness, swelling, and induration were significantly less common in the thigh group (7.7, 11.3, and 7.1%) than in the deltoid group (28.9, 30.7, and 25%) (P < 0.001). Most AEs were mild and resolved spontaneously within three-day follow-up period. Conclusions Booster of DTwP-HB-Hib vaccine at age 18–24 months is required to achieve and maintain optimal protective antibody. The vaccine is safe and immunogenic to be used for booster vaccination. Trial registration NCT02095314 (retrospectively registered, March 24, 2014)

Perbandingan Keamanan dan Konversi Tuberkulin dari Vaksin BCG Strain Moskow dan Vaksin BCG Strain Pasteur pada Bayi

Latar belakang. Pemberian vaksin BCG pada bayi masih menjadi kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia dan WHO. Tujuan. Membandingkan keamanan dan konversi tuberkulin vaksin BCG strain Moskow dengan strain Pasteur. Metode. Tergabung dalam penelitian ini 220 bayi 0-1 bulan, kelompok A menerima vaksin BCG strain Pasteur, dan kelompok B menerima strain Moskow dengan randomisasi tersamar tunggal. Reaksi lokal dan sistemik yang timbul diamati hingga 30 hari pasca imunisasi. Uji tuberkulin dilakukan pada hari ke-90 pasca imunisasi, dengan pembacaan 48-72 jam kemudian. Hasil. Terdapat 205 anak berhasil menyelesaikan studi. Pembesaran kelenjar getah bening ditemukan pada kedua kelompok, masing-masing 2 bayi, yang sembuh sendiri tanpa pengobatan. Tidak ditemukan kejadian ikutan pasca imunisasi serius karena vaksin BCG. Jumlah bayi yang mempunyai jaringan parut dan konversi tuberkulin tidak berbeda signifikan, p=0,578 dan p=0,205 (p>0.05). Kesimpulan.Vaksin BCG strain Pasteur dan strain Moskow mempunyai profil keamanan dan konversi tuberkulin yang relatif sama