Besering van 'n hidronefrotiese nier

No Abstrac

Evaluation of portacaval shunt patency with the differential glucose tolerance test.

A method has been described for establishing shunt patency by determining the difference in postprandial plasma glucose levels between a peripheral vein and the inferior vena cava at or near the site of the portal-systemic anastomosis. This tet was evaluated both in the laboratory with normal dogs before and after Eck fistula formation as well as cirrhotic patients with and without shunts. The results indicate that this test is reliable and has the advantages of safety, specificity, and ease of performance

Control of acid secretion in the surgery of duodenal ulcer

No Abstrac

Quantifying passive drug transport across lipid membranes

Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the World’s leading public health challenges. The inexorable emergence of drug resistant pathogens, combined with a steep decline in antibacterial drug discovery, has led to a major crisis. One of the most common drug resistance mechanisms involves bacteria adapting to reduce intracellular drug accumulation. To understand these resistance mechanisms, one needs quantitative information about the membrane permeability of drugs. In this Thesis, we develop a novel optofluidic permeability assay that allows us to quantify the permeability coefficient of drugs crossing lipid membranes. Lipid vesicles are used as model systems and drug molecules are tracked directly using their autofluorescence in the ultraviolet. The permeability coefficient of the drug is inferred by studying the increase in drug autofluorescence intensity within vesicles as they traverse a microfluidic network while exposed to the drug for well defined times. This provides a novel platform from which we can develop membrane models for understanding drug permeability. We incorporate the Escherichia coli outer membrane protein OmpF in vesicles and quantify its role in the transport of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. We provide direct visualisation of OmpF mediated fluoroquinolone transport. We study the pH dependence of antibiotic transport both through pure phospholipid membranes and through OmpF, and present a physical mechanism to explain the pH dependence of E. coli fluoroquinolone susceptibility. We also show the importance of lipid composition on drug permeability - changing the lipid composition of the membrane is shown to change antibiotic permeability by over an order of magnitude. Finally, we report on the discovery of a novel signalling mechanism in E. coli that relies on the transport of small drug-like molecules, and discuss the role it plays in stress response in the microbial community.Trinity College Cambridge Internal Graduate Studentship, Cambridge Philosophical Society Research Studentshi

Ulcus pepticum jejuni

Na inleiding en historisch overzicht wordt een overzicht gegeven van de verschillende nomenciaturen, die in de literatuur worden gebruikt. De leeftijdsverdeling vertoont hetzelfde beeld als voor het primaire ulcus, met een kleine verschuiving van enkele j aren. Wat het geslacht betreft, zijn het overwegend de mannen, die aan een ulcus pepticum jejuni lijden. Enkele oorzaken hiervan werden nagegaan. Het ulcus pepticum jejuni is hoofdzakelijk in de afvoerende lis gelocaliseerd. In hoofdstuk II wordt de frequentie van het ulcus pepticum jejuni besproken. Het ulcus is na operaties wegens maagcarcinoom zeer zeldzaam, na operaties we gens ulcus ventriculi gering. Het grootst aantal ulcera peptica jejuni ontstaat na operaties wegens ulcus duodeni. Ook de operatiemethode heeft grote invloed. De hoogste recidief percentages komen voor na unilaterale pylorus uitschakeling volgens v. Eiselsberg, gastro-enterostomie en uitschakelings resectie. Minder frequent doch nog in beduidend percentage na vagotomie en drainage methoden (gastro-enterostomie en pyloroplastiek). Nog minder frequent na subtotale maagresectie. De laagste percentages worden gevonden na vagotomie en antrectomie ('combined procedure'). In hoofdstuk III wordt de pathogenese besproken. Gesteld wordt, dat peptische werking conditio sine qua non voor de ontwikkeling van een peptisch ulcus is. N a bespreking, in het kort, van de anatomie-en histologie, wordt nader ingegaan op de physiologie van de maagsapsecretie. De stimulatie van de maagsapsecretie, wordt door verschillende phasen beïnvloed n1.: cephale phase antrale phase cephal-antrale phase intestinale phase. ... Zie: Samenvattin