Pengaruh Penambahan Mineral Ca, P, Mg Dan S Dalam Ransum Terhadap Status Mineral Pada Kambing Kacang

The research was aimed to study the influence of addition of Ca, P, Mg dan S minerals in diet on Ca and P of minerals status of blood plasma and bone compound on the kacang goats. Four dietary treatments were: A. Forage + concentrate (was a control), B. Forage + concentrate + Ca + P, C. Forage + concentrate + Ca + P + Mg and D. Forage + concentrate + Ca + P + S. The forage contains of nature grass· + 1eucaena + gliricidia and the concentrate contains of rice meal, com,. meal coconut The data were statistically ana1ized by using 4 x 5 design. The results showed that minerals addition treatments into the diet were effected significantly (P 0,5) by the Ca of bone compound but significantly (P < 0,01) on P of bone compound

Nutritional Causes of Infertility in Dairy Cows

Infertility is a term which includes all reasons for cows not conceiving after breeding. Infertility results in either culling of the cow or increased calving interval which reduces overall production efficiency. Repeat breedings or anestrus are the most common signs ofinfertility. Causes of repeat breedings may include bull infertility, improper semen handling, poor estrus detection, a nutritional imbalance, incorrect timing of insemination, or a decreased fertility level in the cow. Nutritional imbalances are just one cause of infertility in dairy cattle, however, often more than one nutrient may be involved or other nonnutritional factors are partially to blame. These facts make it difficult to evaluate the effect of a single nutrient on infertility. Research previously indicated that nutrient requirements for high milk production was greater than that required for reproduction, (therefore cows fed for high milk production would receive adequate nutrients for reproduction). More recent research indicates slight deficiencies or imbalances of either major or minor nutrients may decrease fertility in apparently normal, cycling dairy cows. This paper will summarize the information available in the current literature about nutritional factors involved with infertility in dairy cows

Treatment of Postpartum Metritis in Dairy Cows

Bovine postparturient metritis is an economically significant problem in most dairy herds. Although mortality is low, morbidity is often high, and systemic illness may result in lowered feed consumption and decreased milk production, as well as losses incurred because of milk dumping due to antibiotic residues in milk from treated cows. Metritis significantly increases days to conception and services per conception, leading to losses \u27from reduced milk production associated with longer calving intervals and higher insemination costs. Fertility may be permanently impaired in some cows, causing higher culling rates and the associated increase in replacement costs. Culling because of decreased fertility often results in a loss of freedom to cull for other factors such as low production, and may result in the culling of genetically superior animals

Reproductive Management of the Dairy Goat Doe

With the slow but steady increase in interest in dairy goats, our profession finds itself facing the problems of this unique species with increasing frequency. This creates a special challenge for us in two respects. First, our medical knowledge about the goat is still sparse and is just now beginning to expand due to an increased interest within the veterinary profession

Urogentital Infections in Sows and Gilts; Differential Diagnosis, Diagnostic Techniques and Control

Urogenital infections and vaginal discharge are common complaints of swine producers and breeding herd managers. This is an area of great concern, not only for producers but also for swine veterinarians. This syndrome has been on the increase in recent years and is associated with intensive management of swine. Some of the manifestations of this syndrome are reproductive failure, poor performance, inappetence, and underconditioned sows. This is a source of great economic loss to the producer as reproductive efficiency is one of the most accurate predictors of swine enterprise profitability. Even so published information on this syndrome has only been available in recent years and is anything but plentiful

Re-use of spent cell culture medium in pilot scale and rapid preparative purification with membrane chromatography

Riese U, Lütkemeyer D, Heidemann R, Büntemeyer H, Lehmann J. Re-use of spent cell culture medium in pilot scale and rapid preparative purification with membrane chromatography. Journal of Biotechnology. 1994;34(3):247-257.Based on experiments in bench scale, a recycling of spent cell culture medium was performed in a 100-l pilot scale bioreactor. The cell cultivation has been done as a repeated batch procedure after the initial batch in the following four repeated batches spent medium from the previous batch was partially re-used. After microfiltration and ultrafiltration a part of the filtrate was mixed with a concentrate of amino acids and glucose, sterile filtered and subsequently filled back into the bioreactor. Up to 65% of the harvested cell- and product-free spent medium was re-used in each repeated batch. This procedure results in a saving of pure and waste water volume and saving of supplemented proteins as transferrin, insulin and lipoproteins and, therefore, also in a reduction of the production costs. A strongly acidic membrane ion exchanger was evaluated for the ability to purify the monoclonal antibodies from the pilot scale cultivation. Within minutes, gram quantities of product could be purified in a high flux system, especially developed for this purpose, achieving purities of 80%. The capacity of the acidic membrane ion exchanger was found in former investigations to be 1 mg cm -2 with recoveries up to 96%. Final purification was carried out by gel column filtration