Ausläufe in der Schweinehaltung - Planungsempfehlungen, Bewirtschaftung und Kosten

Betriebsleiter und Berater erhalten umfassende Informationen zur Planung, zum Bau und zur Bewirtschaftung von Ausläufen in der Schweinehaltung mit Angaben zum Investitions- und Arbeitszeitbedarf

Arbeitszeitbedarf für die Bewirtschaftung von Milchviehausläufen

As existing figures on working-time requirements for outdoor runs in cattle husbandry are often out of date or insufficiently detailed for individual use and in particular as few reliable work-economics data are available for ecological forms of farming, figures on working-time requirements and influencing variables for dung removal and spreading of litter in outdoor runs in cattle and pig farming were recorded as a subproject within the framework of the KTBL-KU 2005 project. This report presents the results for dairy cattle husbandry. The calculations are based on an outdoor run area of 6 m2 per cow. Each outdoor run cleaning operation takes between 0.1 and 1.3 MPmin per cow, depending on the method used and the herd size. If the run is spread with litter, these tasks take between 0.1 and 0.7 MPmin per operation per cow. The working time requirement for outdoor run maintenance breaks down into the sub-tasks of cleaning, spreading of litter (if carried out) and, depending on the method, inspection (scraper). Major savings can be expected from process and organisational optimisation

Continuous Chest Compression Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Promotes Rescuer Self-Confidence and Increased Secondary Training: A Hospital-Based Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: Recent work suggests that delivery of continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an acceptable layperson resuscitation strategy, although little is known about layperson preferences for training in continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We hypothesized that continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation education would lead to greater trainee confidence and would encourage wider dissemination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills compared to standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation training (30 compressions: two breaths). Design: Prospective, multicenter randomized study. Setting: Three academic medical center inpatient wards. Subjects: Adult family members or friends (\u3e=18 yrs old) of inpatients admitted with cardiac-related diagnoses. Interventions: In a multicenter randomized trial, family members of hospitalized patients were trained via the educational method of video self-instruction. Subjects were randomized to continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation or standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation educational modes. Measurements: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance data were collected using a cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill-reporting manikin. Trainee perspectives and secondary training rates were assessed through mixed qualitative and quantitative survey instruments. Main Results: Chest compression performance was similar in both groups. The trainees in the continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation group were significantly more likely to express a desire to share their training kit with others (152 of 207 [73%] vs. 133 of 199 [67%], p = .03). Subjects were contacted 1 month after initial enrollment to assess actual sharing, or “secondary training.” Kits were shared with 2.0 ± 3.4 additional family members in the continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation group vs. 1.2 ± 2.2 in the standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation group (p = .03). As a secondary result, trainees in the continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation group were more likely to rate themselves “very comfortable” with the idea of using cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills in actual events than the standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation trainees (71 of 207 [34%] vs. 57 of 199 [28%], p = .08). Conclusions: Continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation education resulted in a statistically significant increase in secondary training. This work suggests that implementation of video self-instruction training programs using continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation may confer broader dissemination of life-saving skills and may promote rescuer comfort with newly acquired cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge

Arbeitszeitbedarf in der ökologischen Schweinehaltung – ein Vergleich von zwei Stallsystemen

Up-to-date information on the working-time requirement in pig husbandry and in ecological pig husbandry in particular which reflects the changed basic conditions in agricultural practice is extremely rare in the literature. In the Agroscope Reckenholz- Tänikon ART project Working-Time Requirement in Pig Husbandry according to the EU Eco-Regulation carried out within the framework of the “Calculation Documents” work programme of the Association for Technology and Structures in Agriculture (KTBL), current key figures were provided. Housing systems and work processes used in pig husbandry vary substantially. For this reason, two examples commonly used in practice are compared in this article: outdoor climate housing with two-space pens, and a Pig Port 3. Dung removal and litter spreading in the pen and run of the two-space pens is performed with the aid of a mobile unit, whilst manual processes are used in some cases in the Pig Port 3. Feeding is automatic, and roughage is made available in the outdoor run. For a livestock population of 520 fattening places in the two-space pens and 500 fattening places in the Pig Port, an annual working-time requirement of 2.6 and 2.8 MPh per fattening place, respectively, is to be reckoned on

Recruitment for a Hospital-Based Pragmatic Clinical Trial using Volunteer Nurses and Students

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recruitment of subjects is critical to the success of any clinical trial, but achieving this goal can be a challenging endeavor. Volunteer nurse and student enrollers are potentially an important source of recruiters for hospital-based trials; however, little is known of either the efficacy or cost of these types of enrollers. We assessed volunteer clinical nurses and health science students in their rates of enrolling family members in a hospital-based, pragmatic clinical trial of cardiopulmonary resuscitation education, and their ability to achieve target recruitment goals. We hypothesized that students would have a higher enrollment rate and are more cost-effective compared to nurses. METHODS: Volunteer nurses and student enrollers were recruited from eight institutions. Participating nurses were primarily bedside nurses or nurse educators while students were pre-medical, pre-nursing, and pre-health students at local universities. We recorded the frequency of enrollees recruited into the clinical trial by each enroller. Enrollers\u27 impressions of recruitment were assessed using mixed-methods surveys. Cost was estimated based on enrollment data. Overall enrollment data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: From February 2012 to November 2014, 260 hospital personnel (167 nurses and 93 students) enrolled 1493 cardiac patients\u27 family members, achieving target recruitment goals. Of those recruited, 822 (55%) were by nurses, while 671 (45%) were by students. Overall, students enrolled 5.44 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.88, 10.27) more subjects per month than nurses (p \u3c 0.01). After consenting to participate in recruitment, students had a 2.85 (95% CI: 1.09, 7.43) increased chance of enrolling at least one family member (p = 0.03). Among those who enrolled at least one subject, nurses enrolled a mean of 0.51(95% CI: 0.42, 0.59) subjects monthly, while students enrolled 1.63 (95% CI: 1.37, 1.90) per month (p \u3c 0.01). Of 198 surveyed hospital personnel (127 nurses, 71 students), 168/198 (85%) felt confident conducting enrollment. The variable cost per enrollee recruited was $25.38 per subject for nurses and$23.30 per subject for students. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, volunteer students enrolled more subjects per month at a lower cost than nurses. This work suggests that recruitment goals for a pragmatic clinical trial can be successfully obtained using both nurses and students

Video-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Education for High-Risk Families Before Hospital Discharge: A Multicenter Pragmatic Trial

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training rates in the United States are low, highlighting the need to develop CPR educational approaches that are simpler, with broader dissemination potential. The minimum training required to ensure long-term skill retention remains poorly characterized. We compared CPR skill retention among laypersons randomized to training with video-only (VO; no manikin) with those trained with a video self-instruction kit (VSI; with manikin). We hypothesized that VO training would be noninferior to the VSI approach with respect to chest compression (CC) rate. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a prospective, cluster randomized trial of CPR education for family members of patients with high-risk cardiac conditions on hospital cardiac units, using a multicenter pragmatic design. Eight hospitals were randomized to offer either VO or VSI training before discharge using volunteer trainers. CPR skills were assessed 6 months post training. Mean CC rate among those trained with VO compared with those trained with VSI was assessed with a noninferiority margin set at 8 CC per min; as a secondary outcome, mean differences in CC depth were assessed. From February 2012 to May 2015, 1464 subjects were enrolled and 522 subjects completed a skills assessment. The mean CC rates were 87.7 (VO) CC per min and 89.3 (VSI) CC per min; we concluded noninferiority for VO based on a mean difference of -1.6 (90% confidence interval, -5.2 to 2.1). The mean CC depth was 40.2 mm (VO) and 45.8 mm (VSI) with a mean difference of -5.6 (95% confidence interval, -7.6 to -3.7). Results were similar after multivariate regression adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: In this large, prospective trial of CPR skill retention, VO training yielded a noninferior difference in CC rate compared with VSI training. CC depth was greater in the VSI group. These findings suggest a potential trade-off in efforts for broad dissemination of basic CPR skills; VO training might allow for greater scalability and dissemination, but with a potential reduction in CC depth. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01514656

Pathways of women peer researchers living with HIV in the evaluation of the Gundo-So programme

International audienceThe Gundo-So programme was a community-based programme aimed at supporting women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Mali regarding serostatus disclosure management. Community -based research was carried out to evaluate the short and medium-term effects of the programme. The facilitators of the programme, most of whom are WLHIV, are fundamental stakeholders in the programme. We wanted to understand their experience of participating in a community-based research and how this experience fits into their professional lives.ANRS-12373/Gundo-So was a randomized trial implemented in 6 community-based clinics in Mali in 2019/2020. Facilitators (n=6) working in the community-based clinics where the participants were met, took part in the interviews. Each facilitator was interviewed twice: once at the time of inclusion in the study, and a second time when the program had ended in the community-based clinics. A trajectory analysis based on reflective thematic analysis was conducted, in order to understand the psychosocial processes emerging during participation in Gundo-So and its evaluation (Braun & Clarke, 2019; Spencer et al., 2021). The interview guide was organized around two themes: their professional and activist backgrounds, and on the Gundo-So program (its construction, their participation and the implementation). Through these different cases, two main types of trajectories stand out: those of the facilitators, themselves living with HIV (n=5), and that of the facilitators not infected by HIV (n=1). The trajectory of the uninfected facilitator is characterized by a precarious professional position that is not motivated by militant convictions. The Gundo-So program enabled her to acquire new skills and knowledge, particularly about the experiences of people living with HIV. The trajectories of the facilitators living with HIV are similar on various points: a sudden discovery of their seropositivity, care by the community-based clinics, which becomes a place of support, and militant commitment through a community association, a place of learning and support, which leads them to obtain a job. Facilitators were critical of the evaluation of Gundo-So, particularly with regard to the inclusion criteria and their role in decision-making in the the study. The programme as such was described positively as a programme that helped both the participants and themselves by providing knowledge, tools and support.These results highlighted an activist commitment that was built up through several similar stages among the different facilitators. In particular, through their involvement in the community-based clinics, the increase in skills and knowledge through this commitment and the possibility of professionalization that follows were noted. The Gundo-So program has been an experience that allows the facilitators to accompany them, as WLHIV, in their daily lives, and also to equip them as professionals to best accompany the people they follow, around the issue of sharing status. Participating in a community-based research was also an opportunity to acquire new skills, but they did not feel that they were considered in decision-making

Pathways of women peer researchers living with HIV in the evaluation of the Gundo-So programme

International audienceThe Gundo-So programme was a community-based programme aimed at supporting women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Mali regarding serostatus disclosure management. Community -based research was carried out to evaluate the short and medium-term effects of the programme. The facilitators of the programme, most of whom are WLHIV, are fundamental stakeholders in the programme. We wanted to understand their experience of participating in a community-based research and how this experience fits into their professional lives.ANRS-12373/Gundo-So was a randomized trial implemented in 6 community-based clinics in Mali in 2019/2020. Facilitators (n=6) working in the community-based clinics where the participants were met, took part in the interviews. Each facilitator was interviewed twice: once at the time of inclusion in the study, and a second time when the program had ended in the community-based clinics. A trajectory analysis based on reflective thematic analysis was conducted, in order to understand the psychosocial processes emerging during participation in Gundo-So and its evaluation (Braun & Clarke, 2019; Spencer et al., 2021). The interview guide was organized around two themes: their professional and activist backgrounds, and on the Gundo-So program (its construction, their participation and the implementation). Through these different cases, two main types of trajectories stand out: those of the facilitators, themselves living with HIV (n=5), and that of the facilitators not infected by HIV (n=1). The trajectory of the uninfected facilitator is characterized by a precarious professional position that is not motivated by militant convictions. The Gundo-So program enabled her to acquire new skills and knowledge, particularly about the experiences of people living with HIV. The trajectories of the facilitators living with HIV are similar on various points: a sudden discovery of their seropositivity, care by the community-based clinics, which becomes a place of support, and militant commitment through a community association, a place of learning and support, which leads them to obtain a job. Facilitators were critical of the evaluation of Gundo-So, particularly with regard to the inclusion criteria and their role in decision-making in the the study. The programme as such was described positively as a programme that helped both the participants and themselves by providing knowledge, tools and support.These results highlighted an activist commitment that was built up through several similar stages among the different facilitators. In particular, through their involvement in the community-based clinics, the increase in skills and knowledge through this commitment and the possibility of professionalization that follows were noted. The Gundo-So program has been an experience that allows the facilitators to accompany them, as WLHIV, in their daily lives, and also to equip them as professionals to best accompany the people they follow, around the issue of sharing status. Participating in a community-based research was also an opportunity to acquire new skills, but they did not feel that they were considered in decision-making